Diseño de un cuestionario para conocer la satisfacción y percepción de los pacientes con el sistema de prescripción de receta electrónica / Design of a questionnaire to know the satisfaction and perception of the population with the electronic prescription system

OBJETIVO: diseñar un cuestionario para conocer la satisfacción y percepciones de los pacientes con el sistema de prescripción de receta electrónica. MÉTODOS: el cuestionario se desarrolló en tres fases. Primera, búsqueda y selección de los atributos del cuestionario. Segunda, análisis del cuestionario por expertos mediante grupo focal multidisciplinar con farmacéuticos, médicos y enfermeros. Tercera, estudio piloto, observacional en 50 pacientes usuarios de receta electrónica durante al menos un año. Se valoró la consistencia interna del cuestionario, la fiabilidad intraobservador y la validez. RESULTADOS: de la primera y segunda fase resultó un cuestionario que incluye 5 atributos y 17 ítems. En el estudio psicométrico, el alfa de Cronbach fue de 0,77 (IC 95 %: 0,66-0,85), siendo el atributo de "satisfacción" el más valorado. La fiabilidad intraobservador tuvo un coeficiente de correlación de 0,96 (IC 95 %: 0,91-0,98). La validez de criterio quedó confirmada a través de la correlación de Spearman con una escala EVA. La validez convergente fue estadísticamente significativa (p = 0,04) para el nivel de estudios y no mostró relación con el número de tratamientos prescritos. CONCLUSIÓN: el cuestionario diseñado presenta adecuada fiabilidad y validez, y puede ser una herramienta útil para el trabajo en la farmacia comunitaria y para su uso en otras comunidades autónomas

OBJECTIVE: Design of a questionnaire to determine the satisfaction and perceptions of patients with electronic prescription system. METHODS: The questionnaire was developed in three phases. First, search and selection of questionnaire attributes. Second, analysis of the questionnaire by experts with a focus group methodology with pharmacists, doctors and nurses. Third, observational pilot study with 50 patients, users of electronic prescription system for at least one year. The internal consistency of the questionnaire, intraobserver reliability and validity were assessed. RESULTS: The first and second phase resulted in a questionnaire that includes 5 attributes and 17 items. In the psychometric study, Croncach's alpha was 0.77 (CI95%: 0.66-0.85), being the "satisfaction" attribute the one most valued. The intraobserver reliability had a correlation coefficient of 0.96 (CI95%: 0.91-0.98). The validity of criterion was confirmed through Spearman ́s correlation with a VAS scale. Convergent validity was statistically significant (p = 0.04) for the level of studies and did not show a relation with the number of prescribed treatments. CONCLUSIONS: The designed questionnaire has adequate reliability and validity and can be a useful tool for work in community pharmacy and for use in other autonomous communities

Differences in gut microbiota profile between women with active lifestyle and sedentary women.

Physical exercise is a tool to prevent and treat some of the chronic diseases affecting the world's population. A mechanism through which exercise could exert beneficial effects in the body is by provoking alterations to the gut microbiota, an environmental factor that in recent years has been associated with numerous chronic diseases. Here we show that physical exercise performed by women to at least the degree recommended by the World Health Organization can modify the composition of gut microbiota. Using high-throughput sequencing of the 16s rRNA gene, eleven genera were found to be significantly different between active and sedentary women. Quantitative PCR analysis revealed higher abundance of health-promoting bacterial species in active women, including Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Roseburia hominis and Akkermansia muciniphila. Moreover, body fat percentage, muscular mass and physical activity significantly correlated with several bacterial populations. In summary, we provide the first demonstration of interdependence between some bacterial genera and sedentary behavior parameters, and show that not only does the dose and type of exercise influence the composition of gut microbiota, but also the breaking of sedentary behavior.