Clinicopathological significance of Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome.

Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome (MRS) classically shows a triad of orofacial swelling, fissured tongue and facial palsy, more commonly the oligosymptomatic form. The orofacial swelling is characterised by swollen reddish-brown non-pruritic lips and facial oedema. In one-third to one half of patients, fissured tongue is seen, which also aids in diagnosis. The histological finding of MRS includes non-caseating, sarcoidal granulomas, but their absence does not exclude the diagnosis. All these findings together form a basis for a cautious search for confrontational reasons for the symptom complex of MRS.

Appropriate electrode placement site of electric pulp tester for the premolars: a clinical study.

CONTEXT: Electric pulp testers (EPTs) are widely used as diagnostic aid in dentistry for dental pulp. This delivers enough current to overcome enamel and dentin resistance and to stimulate the myelinated sensory fibers at the junction of pulp and dentin. Such testing requires the electrode to be in contact with the surface of the tooth, with optimal positions identified for anterior teeth, premolars, and molars. AIMS: To determine the best site position of EPT on premolars. The objective of electric pulp testing was to determine the sensibility of each premolar at the lowest sensory response threshold. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Clinical study Materials and Methods: The premolars of 20 patients between 13 and 15 years accompanied with parents, free of restorations, and caries were selected. Five sites on the crown were tested with EPT for minimum of four times. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: One-way analysis of variance test and the Tukey's honestly significant difference test. RESULTS: The lowest threshold response was noted at the incisal edge of the tooth; the middle third had a higher threshold among all the different placement of electrode. Statistically significant difference was observed for occlusal surface in terms of region of placement of electrode. CONCLUSIONS: This experiment found the best electrode site for pulp testing in premolars. The appropriate EPT site was on the occlusal surface of maxillary and mandibular premolars.

Osteochondroma of condyle: case discussion and review of treatment modalities.

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) forms a synovial articulation between the condyle and the cranium. It is a complex joint and shows hinge and gliding movements. Unlike other articulating heads, condyle grows with intramembranous ossification. TMJ is subjected to excessive loads throughout life as it supports essential functions such as mastication, deglutition, speech and respiration. Traumatic, neoplastic or non-neoplastic pathologies sometimes necessitate joint replacement therapy. Osteochondroma is one such benign tumour originating from condyle which requires surgical replacement of condyle with prosthesis. Various replacement methods have been designed in the past. Alloplastic grafts have been successfully used in joint replacement surgeries like hip joint, knee joint, etc. This case discussion supports the use of titanium-made condylar prosthesis for long-term functional stability of TMJ.

Global developmental delay with sodium valproate-induced gingival hyperplasia.

Global developmental delay (GDD) refers to a disturbance in an individual child across one or more developmental domains, which include motor, cognition, daily activities, speech and language. The present case discusses a 5-year-old child with GDD associated with infantile spasms treated with sodium valproate. Delay in the widespread acquisition of skills, epilepsy and poor oral hygiene with gingival enlargement was the main concern to seek medical aid. This case is special as the child was suffering from GDD associated with sodium valproate-induced gingival enlargement.

Bizarre cause for avulsion of permanent maxillary lateral incisor tooth.

A 9-year-old boy presented with a missing upper front tooth after an accident involving kite flying. Diagnosis of avulsion of the upper right lateral incisor (22) was made after examination of his socket as well as by radiological investigations. A removable partial denture was given for the aesthetic purpose. The patient is under follow-up. The present case illustrates the management of avulsion.