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1.
J Bioenerg Biomembr ; 46(6): 511-8, 2014 Dec.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25425473

RÉSUMÉ

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia resulting from defects in the secretion and/or action of insulin. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) develops in diabetic patients and is characterized by a progressive deterioration of renal function. The mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) produces most of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are involved in diabetic nephropathy. Due to the high incidence of DM in the elderly, the aim of this study was to evaluate oxidative and nitrosative stress in kidney mitochondria from aged rats. We evaluated lipid peroxidation (LPO), nitric oxide (NO(•)) production, S-nitrosylation profiles, glutathione levels, and glutathione reductase and aconitase activities under streptozotocin (STZ)-induced experimental diabetes in kidney mitochondria from aged rats. The results showed an increase in LPO, NO(•) production, and S-nitrosylated proteins in rats with STZ-induced diabetes. A decrease in glutathione (GSH) levels and glutathione reductase (GR) and aconitase activities in the rats that received the STZ-induced diabetes treatment was also observed, when compared with the age-related controls. The data suggest that oxidative and nitrosative stresses promote mitochondrial oxidative dysfunction in the more advanced age rat kidney in STZ-induced diabetes.


Sujet(s)
Diabète expérimental/génétique , Diabète expérimental/métabolisme , Rein/métabolisme , Mitochondries/métabolisme , Monoxyde d'azote/métabolisme , Vieillissement , Animaux , Mâle , Oxydoréduction , Stress oxydatif , Rats , Rat Wistar , Espèces réactives de l'oxygène
2.
Mitochondrion ; 13(6): 835-40, 2013 Nov.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23751425

RÉSUMÉ

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with increased production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species; consequently, an increase in lipid peroxidation and a decrease in antioxidants resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction. Using a rat model of DM induced by streptozotocin, we show the opposite: an increase in NO levels, S-nitrosylation, aconitase activity, and total glutathione and a decrease in lipid peroxidation at early stages of diabetes. These data imply that the decrease in lipid peroxidation is a vital early response to hyperglycemia to prevent escalation of ROS generation in mitochondria. These results also suggest a need for novel therapeutic targets to prevent the neurological consequences of diabetes.


Sujet(s)
Diabète expérimental/physiopathologie , Mitochondries/physiologie , Nitrosation , Stress oxydatif , Animaux , Citrulline/biosynthèse , Diabète expérimental/métabolisme , Glutathion/métabolisme , Peroxydation lipidique , Mâle , Mitochondries/métabolisme , Rats , Rat Wistar , Streptozocine
3.
Biochem Res Int ; 2012: 603501, 2012.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22162811

RÉSUMÉ

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a significant risk factor for the development of cardiovascular complications. This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of chronic administration of ethanolic extract of Eryngium carlinae on glucose, creatinine, uric acid, total cholesterol, and triglycerides levels in serum of streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced diabetic rats. Triglycerides, total cholesterol, and uric acid levels increased in serum from diabetic rats. The treatment with E. carlinae prevented these changes. The administration of E. carlinae extract reduced the levels of creatinine, uric acid, total cholesterol, and triglycerides. Thus administration of E. carlinae is able to reduce hyperlipidemia related to the cardiovascular risk in diabetes mellitus.

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