[Spectral analysis of the electroencephalogram in children with systemic lupus erythematosus]. / Análisis espectral del electroencefalograma en niños con lupus eritematoso sistémico.

INTRODUCTION: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that affects different systems and organs, including the central nervous system (CNS). It has been suggested that about 40% of the cases of neuropsychiatric lupus (NPSLE) develop before SLE is diagnosed or at the same time it is being carried out, and 63% appear during the first year following diagnosis. AIMS: The aim of this study was to check the hypothesis that the electroencephalogram (EEG) may be sensitive to the damage to the CNS in children with SLE in whom there is still no clinical evidence of NPSLE. PATIENTS AND METHODS: EEG recordings were performed in 30 children with a diagnosis of SLE with or without signs of a neuropsychiatric syndrome. The results of the EEG were evaluated visually and analysed quantitatively. RESULTS: The visual inspection of the EEG showed the presence of alterations in 44.5% of the children with SLE and in 76.9% of those with NPSLE. There were significant differences in Student's t test (p = 0.0055) between the two groups for the analysis of the broadband spectral measurements. The narrow band analysis revealed a significant increase in the theta and delta frequencies in children with SLE as compared to standard values, whereas in children with NPSLE significant differences were found in the fast bands in frontal regions. CONCLUSIONS: Spectral analysis of the narrow band could help to confirm diagnoses of NPSLE, while anomalies in the slow bands could be an early marker of damage to the CNS although there are still no symptoms of the disease.

Anàlisis espectral del encefalograma en niños con lupus eritematoso sistèmico / s. t

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that affects different systems and organs, including the central nervous system (CNS). It has been suggested that about 40 percent of the cases of neuropsychiatric lupus (NPSLE) develop before SLE is diagnosed or at the same time it is being carried out, and 63 percent appear during the first year following diagnosis. AIMS: The aim of this study was to check the hypothesis that the electroencephalogram (EEG) may be sensitive to the damage to the CNS in children with SLE in whom there is still no clinical evidence of NPSLE...(AU)

Análisis espectral del electroencefalograma en niños con lupus eritematoso sistémico / Spectral analysis of the electroencephalogram in children with systemic lupus erythematosus

Introducción. El lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES) es una enfermedad autoinmunitaria que afecta a diferentes sistemas y órganos, incluido el sistema nervioso central (SNC). Se ha postulado que aproximadamente el 40% de las manifestaciones de lupus neuropsiquiátrico (LESNP) se desarrolla antes de que se diagnostique el LES o en el mismo momento en el que se realiza el mismo, y el 63% aparece durante el primer año después del diagnóstico. Objetivos. Evaluar la hipótesis de que el electroencefalograma (EEG) puede ser sensible al daño del SNC en niños con LES, aun sin evidencia clínica de LESNP. Pacientes y métodos. Se registró el EEG de 30 niños con diagnóstico de LES, con o sin manifestaciones de síndrome neuropsiquiátrico. Se realizó la evaluación visual y el análisis cuantitativo del EEG. Resultados. La inspección visual del EEG mostró la presencia de alteraciones en el 44,5% de los niños con LES y en el 76,9% con LESNP. La t de Student fue significativamente diferente (p 0,0055) entre ambos grupos para el análisis de las medidas espectrales de banda ancha. El análisis de banda estrecha mostró un incremento significativo en las frecuencias theta y delta en los niños con LES con respecto a los valores normativos, mientras que en los niños con LESNP las diferencias significativas se encontraron en las bandas rápidas en las regiones frontales. Conclusiones. El análisis espectral de banda estrecha podría ayudar a confirmar el diagnóstico de LESNP, mientras que las anomalías en las bandas lentas podría ser un marcador temprano de daño del SNC, aun en ausencia de síntomas de la enfermedad

Introduction. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that affects different systems and organs, including the central nervous system (CNS). It has been suggested that about 40% of the cases of neuropsychiatric lupus (NPSLE) develop before SLE is diagnosed or at the same time it is being carried out, and 63% appear during the first year following diagnosis. Aims. The aim of this study was to check the hypothesis that the electroencephalogram (EEG) may be sensitive to the damage to the CNS in children with SLE in whom there is still no clinical evidence of NPSLE. Patients and methods. EEG recordings were performed in 30 children with a diagnosis of SLE with or without signs of a neuropsychiatric syndrome. The results of the EEG were evaluated visually and analysed quantitatively. Results. The visual inspection of the EEG showed the presence of alterations in 44.5% of the children with SLE and in 76.9% of those with NPSLE. There were significant differences in Student’s t test (p = 0.0055) between the two groups for the analysis of the broadband spectral measurements. The narrow band analysis revealed a significant increase in the theta and delta frequencies in children with SLE as compared to standard values, whereas in children with NPSLE significant differences were found in the fast bands in frontal regions. Conclusions. Spectral analysis of the narrow band could help to confirm diagnoses of NPSLE, while anomalies in the slow bands could be an early marker of damage to the CNS although there are still no symptoms of the disease