New replacement name for the planthopper genus Potiguara Hoch et Ferreira, 2013 (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Kinnaridae).

The Kinnaridae genus Potiguara was established by Hoch & Ferreira (2013) with the type species Potiguara troglobia Hoch et Ferreira, 2013 from Brazil. So far, this genus includes only the type species. Nevertheless, the name Potiguara is preoccupied and it was initially introduced by Machado et Brito, 2006 for an extinct genus of the fish family Pycnodontidae (with the type species Coelodus rosadoi Silva Santos, 1963 from Brazil). Thus, the genus Potiguara Hoch et Ferreira, 2013 is a junior homonym of the genus Potiguara Machado et Brito, 2006. According to Article 60 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, we propose the new replacement name Kinnapotiguara nom. nov. for Potiguara Hoch et Ferreira, 2013. Accordingly, a new combination is herein proposed for the kinnarid planthopper species currently included in this genus: Kinnapotiguara troglobia (Hoch et Ferreira, 2013) comb. nov.

Studies on risk of leprosy relapses in China: relapses after treatment with dapsone monotherapy

Based upon the data from the Chinese National System for Leprosy Surveillance, this paper reports on the relapses in 297,343 leprosy patients [multibacillary (MB) 106,518, paucibacillary (PB) 190,825] cured by dapsone monotherapy. A total of 11,055 (MB 8675, PB 2380) patients relapsed during an accumulated follow-up period of 4,229,050 patient-years (PY), giving an overall relapse rate of 3.72 per 100 cases or 2.61 per 1000 PY, i.e., 8.14% or 5.91 per 1000 PY over an average follow-up period of 13.8 +/- 8.4 years in MB patients and 1.25% or 0.86 per 1000 PY over an average period of 14.5 +/- 8.9 years in PB patients. For either the overall relapse rate per 100 cases or per 1000 PY, the differences between MB and PB patients were statistically significant, except during 36-40 years of follow up. For both MB and PB patients, the relapse rates showed consistently significant decreases year by year, particularly in PB patients whose relapse rate per 1000 PY was 1.21 in year 10 of follow up; whereas it remained more than 10 per 1000 PY in MB patients. In view of that, the overall relapse rates in MB and PB patients cured by dapsone monotherapy were acceptably low, and most of these patients have been followed up for more than a mean incubation period of observed dapsone relapse. Along with the further extension of follow up, the risk of relapse in dapsone-cured patients will not be expected to increase. This conclusion should be considered when planning policy for the management of patients released from dapsone monotherapy.