Development of a High-throughput Sequencing Platform for Detection of Viral Encephalitis Pathogens Based on Amplicon Sequencing.

Objective: Viral encephalitis is an infectious disease severely affecting human health. It is caused by a wide variety of viral pathogens, including herpes viruses, flaviviruses, enteroviruses, and other viruses. The laboratory diagnosis of viral encephalitis is a worldwide challenge. Recently, high-throughput sequencing technology has provided new tools for diagnosing central nervous system infections. Thus, In this study, we established a multipathogen detection platform for viral encephalitis based on amplicon sequencing. Methods: We designed nine pairs of specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers for the 12 viruses by reviewing the relevant literature. The detection ability of the primers was verified by software simulation and the detection of known positive samples. Amplicon sequencing was used to validate the samples, and consistency was compared with Sanger sequencing. Results: The results showed that the target sequences of various pathogens were obtained at a coverage depth level greater than 20×, and the sequence lengths were consistent with the sizes of the predicted amplicons. The sequences were verified using the National Center for Biotechnology Information BLAST, and all results were consistent with the results of Sanger sequencing. Conclusion: Amplicon-based high-throughput sequencing technology is feasible as a supplementary method for the pathogenic detection of viral encephalitis. It is also a useful tool for the high-volume screening of clinical samples.

Construction of a quality evaluation index system for specialty care of knee ligament injuries based on a three-dimensional quality structure model / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To construct a nursing quality evaluation index system for knee ligament injury to provide a basis for standardizing the nursing practice and improving the nursing quality of knee ligament injury.Methods:Based on the three-dimensional quality structure model of "structure-process-outcome" proposed by Donabedian, the quality evaluation index system for knee ligament injury specialties was constructed through literature review, brainstorming, and Delphi expert consultation from April to June 2023.Results:Sixteen experts were included in the inquiry. The effective recovery rate of the two rounds of expert correspondence questionnaires was 16/16, the expert authority coefficient was 0.95, and the Kendell harmony coefficients of the expert correspondence were 0.116 and 0.122, respectively (both P<0.05). The final constructed knee ligament injury specialty care quality evaluation index system contained 3 primary indicators (structural quality, process quality and outcome quality), 16 secondary indicators, and 69 tertiary indicators.Conclusions:The specialized nursing quality evaluation index system for knee ligament injury constructed in this study is scientific and reliable, which can provide a basis for the evaluation and assessment of the nursing quality of knee ligament injury specialties and promote the continuous improvement of their nursing quality.

HPV16 E6 regulates miR-23a expression and promotes invasion and migration of cervical cancer cells / 实用医学杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of high-risk human papillomavirus 16 E6 protein(HPV16 E6 protein)on invasion and migration of cervical cancer SiHa cells via regulating the expression of expression miR-23a.Methods Tissue samples from 100 patients with cervical cancer HPV-negative,100 HPV-positive patients,and 100 paracancerous normal tissues were collected;cervical cancer SiHa cells were divided into blank group,E6 overexpression group,negative transfection group,and E6 + miR-23a mimics group.The expression of miR-23a and HPV16 E6 mRNA were detected by qRT-PCR;MTT assay was used to detect the cell proliferation inhibition rate;flow cytometry to detect the apoptosis;Transwell chamber assay to detect cell invasion,and scratch test to detect the ability of cell migration.The expression of HPV16 E6,apoptosis related proteins(Caspase-3,Bax,Bcl-2),and migration related proteins(MMP-2,MMP-9)was detected by WB.Results The expression level of miR-23a was decreased in cervical cancer tissues,and that was lower in HPV positive cervical cancer tissues.Overexpression of E6 decreased the expression level of miR-23a,cell proliferation inhibition rate,apoptosis rate,Caspase-3 and Bax protein expression,and increased the expression of Bcl-2 protein,scratch healing rate,inva-sion cell number,MMP-2,MMP-9 protein expression(P<0.05);miR-23a mimics reversed the effects of E6 overexpression on the above indicators.Conclusion HPV16 E6 promotes the invasion and migration of cervical cancer cells,which may be related to the regulation of miR-23a expression.

Progress in zinc homeostasis-related genes in Aspergillus fumigatus / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Aspergillus fumigatus is an opportunistic pathogenic fungus transmitted through the air. It targets the the lungs of immunocompromised patients and can cause severe invasive aspergillosis. Zinc, an essential trace element for microbial growth, is required by all fungi, including Aspergillus fumigatus. Some studies have shown a direct correlation between the virulence of fungi within the host and the uptake of zinc by them. However, zinc in the human body mostly binds to zinc-binding proteins, resulting in ion concentrations in the host′s tissue microenvironment much lower than the optimal growth concentration for fungi. There are several zinc transport proteins in Aspergillus fumigatus, enabling it to efficiently absorb zinc even in the condition of zinc deficiency. These proteins also protect the cells of Aspergillus fumigatu from the damage caused by excessive zinc. This article is to provide a comprehensive overview of the roles of zinc homeostasis regulation in the growth, development and virulence of Aspergillus fumigatus as well as the related genes, summarize the current research status of genes regulating zinc levels in Aspergillus fumigatus and investigate whether interference with zinc homeostasis in Aspergillus fumigatus will be a new generation of adjunctive therapy for invasive aspergillosis or antifungal strategy.

Mechanism of esculetin promoting ferroptosis of mouse breast cancer 4T1 cells based on p53/SLC7A11/GPX4 axis / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To investigate the mechanism through which esculetin induces ferroptosis of mouse breast cancer 4T1 cells.METHODS:Molecular docking of esculetin with p53,solute carrier family 7 member 11(SLC7A11)and glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)proteins was performed,and Kaplan-Meier curves and time-dependent receiver oper-ating characteristic curves were drawn.The 4T1 cells were divided into 6 groups,namely the control(CON),1/2 IC50,IC50,2 IC50,erastin,and capecitabine groups.The appropriate drug concentration for treating 4T1 cells was screened by CCK-8 assay.The invasion and migration abilities of 4T1 cells following esculetin treatment at the selected drug concentra-tion were analyzed by scratch test and Transwell assay.Mitochondrial morphological change were examined by electron mi-croscopy.The levels of ferroptotic cell death were then quantified by Fe2+,reactive oxygen species(ROS),malondialde-hyde(MDA),glutathione(GSH),and GPX4 assays.Western blot was performed to evaluate the protein levels of p53,SLC7A11,GPX4 and acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4(ACSL4).RESULTS:Compared with CON group,the esculetin 1/2 IC50,IC50 and 2 IC50 groups showed smaller size,increased membrane density,and decreased ridge of mitochodria,as well as decreased levels of GSH and GPX4,reduced cell invasion and migration abilities,and de-creased levels of SLC7A11 and GPX4 proteins(P＜0.05).Furthermore,these groups exhibited increased levels of Fe2+,ROS,and MDA,as well as elevated p53 and ACSL4 protein abundance(P＜0.05).CONCLUSION:Esculetin pro-motes ferroptosis of 4T1 cells through a mechanism involving the p53/SLC7A11/GPX4 regulatory axis.

Research progress of lower limb muscle strength training in the treatment of lliotibial band syndrome / 中国骨伤

Iliotibial band syndrome (ITBS), as an overused injury of the lower extremities, has developed into a common cause of lateral knee pain. At present, the treatment of ITBS includes drug therapy, muscle strength training, physical therapy, and surgical treatment. Among these methods, physical therapy, drug therapy, and surgical treatment can only alleviate the symptoms of patients. As a safe and effective treatment, lower limb muscle strength training can improve patients' muscle strength, correct abnormal gait, and reduce the recurrence rate of the disease by paying attention to the dynamic changes of patients' recovery process. At present, the pathogenesis of ITBS remains unclear, and the treatment methods are not unified. It is necessary to further study the biomechanical factors related to the lower extremities and develop more scientific and comprehensive muscle strength training methods.

Fundus image observation of choroidal nodules in neurofibromatosis type 1 / 中华眼底病杂志

Objective:To observe the imaging characteristics of fundus choroidal nodules in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1).Methods:A retrospective clinical study. From January 2018 to August 2022, 20 eyes of 10 patients with NF1 combined with choroidal nodules who were diagnosed by ophthalmology examination at the Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University were included in the study. Among them, there were 6 male cases with 12 eyes and 4 female cases with 8 eyes; both eyes were affected. Age was (28.0±6.9) years old. Both eyes were involved. All patients underwent color fundus photography, infrared fundus photography (IR), fundus autofluorescence (FAF), fluorescein fundus angiography (FFA), and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Nine eyes underwent multi-wavelength color imaging (MC) and 5 eyes underwent OCT angiography (OCTA).Results:In 20 eyes, fundus color photography showed "spiral-like" changes in the small retinal blood vessels on the surface of the choroidal nodules in 1 eye. FAF and FFA examination showed no abnormalities in all affected eyes. On IR examination, choroidal nodules appeared as strong reflective lesions of varying sizes and numbers, in the form of spots and/or sheets, and were partially fused. In the 9 eyes that underwent MC examination, patchy red signals was observed in standard MC images. OCT examination showed that all affected eyes had strong choroidal reflective mass lesions under the retinal pigment epithelium, which were flat patchy or slightly raised "dome-like", corresponding to IR strong reflective lesions. The choriocapillaris layer was squeezed and thinned, and the large choroidal vessels show weak reflection. Five eyes underwent OCTA examination, there was no loss of blood flow density at the choroidal nodules and the of the superficial an deep retinal capillary plexus in 3 eyes. The choroidal capillary blood flow density was reduced in 2 eyes.Conclusion:IR of choroidal nodules is characterized by strong reflection lesions of varying sizes and numbers, which appear in spots and/or sheets. OCT shows enhanced reflection of the choriocapillaris layer corresponding to the strong IR reflection lesions.

Value of evaluating pancreatic exocrine insufficiency with fecal pancreatic elastase-1 in clinical staging of chronic pancreatitis and prognosis evaluation / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the value of evaluating pancreatic exocrine insufficiency with fecal pancreatic elastase-1 in the clinical staging of chronic pancreatitis and prognosis evaluation.Methods:A total of 100 patients with pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (patient group) who received treatment in Wenzhou Central Hospital from January 2021 to June 2022 and 100 subjects without pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (control group) were included in this study. Fecal pancreatic elastase-1 content was measured by an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to evaluate the value of fecal pancreatic elastase-1 content in the diagnosis of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency. Fecal pancreatic elastase-1 content was compared among patients with different clinical stages of chronic pancreatitis. The factors that affect the prognosis of patients with chronic pancreatitis were analyzed using logistic regression analysis.Results:Pancreatic elastase-1 content in the patient group was (63.28 ± 13.24) μg/g, which was significantly lower than (768.29 ± 102.59) μg/g in the control group ( t = 68.16, P < 0.05). The sensitivity, specificity, Youden index, and 95% CI of using pancreatic elastase-1 content to diagnose pancreatic exocrine insufficiency were 74.7%, 63.5%, 0.724, and 0.740-0.870, respectively. Among the 200 included subjects, 103 had chronic pancreatitis. With the increase in M-ANNHEIM clinical stage, fecal pancreatic elastase-1 content in patients with chronic pancreatitis gradually decreased ( F = 182.66, P < 0.05). Pancreatic elastase-1 content < 200 μg/g was used as a standard to evaluate pancreatic exocrine function. Results showed that 35 patients had stage I chronic pancreatitis, 40 patients had stage II chronic pancreatitis, and 28 patients had stage III chronic pancreatitis. There was no significant difference in the number of patients with different stages of chronic pancreatitis between the two clinical stage classification methods ( χ2 = 12.46, P = 0.002). Six-month follow-up results showed that among 103 patients with chronic pancreatitis, 31 had a poor prognosis (30.1%). Univariate analysis revealed that there were significant differences in age at onset, body mass index, triglyceride level, alcohol consumption, and pancreatic elastase-1 content among patients with different prognoses ( χ2 = 24.07, 4.27, 5.43, 8.38, 4.93, P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age at onset, body mass index, triglyceride level, alcohol consumption, and pancreatic elastase-1 content were the independent influential factors of prognosis in patients with chronic pancreatitis [ OR (95% CI) = 4.207 (2.741-11.609), 1.870 (1.241-2.972), 1.984 (1.437-3.113), 2.769 (1.827-5.125), 1.951 (1.469-3.387), all P < 0.05]. Conclusion:Pancreatic elastase-1 content is of great value in assessing pancreatic exocrine insufficiency, and is closely related to the clinical staging and prognosis of patients with chronic pancreatitis. Therefore, fecal pancreatic elastase-1 content is expected to be a reliable reference for assessing the progress of chronic pancreatitis and predicting its prognosis.

DNA molecular identification of Polyrhachis dives medicinal materials / 药学学报

In the study, specific primers were designed based on the CO Ⅰ gene sequence of Polyrhachis dives. By optimizing the genomic DNA extraction method and amplification conditions, we established an efficient, specific, and accurate DNA molecular identification method for Polyrhachis dives. In this method, the length of the target fragment was 294-308 bp, and the other counterfeits had no target bands. In this paper, the specific identification method of the origin of Polyrhachis dives established can be used to identify the medicinal materials of Polyrhachis dives accurately.

Evidence and acupoint combinations in acupuncture for functional dyspepsia: an overview of systematic review and data mining study / 数字中医药（英文）

Objective@#To evaluate the methodological quality of papers that performed meta-analyzed and systematically reviewed acupoint selections for the treatment of functional dyspepsia (FD) and to identify the ideal acupoint combinations for FD.@*Methods@#Chinese databases including China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), China Biology Medicine (CBM), and Wanfang Database, as well as English databases including PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched to retrieve papers about meta-analysis and systematic literature reviews on acupuncture for FD. The time span for the paper retrieval was set from the foundation of the databases to April 30, 2022. The Veritas scores of the papers based on their publication year, study type, Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR2), Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), heterogeneity, and publication bias were rated to assess the methodological quality of the included studies. Then, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were extracted from those meta-analysis papers or systematic literature reviews for analyzing acupoints frequency, meridian frequency, and association rules with the use of R software (V 4.3.1).@*Results@#Eight meta-analysis papers were included in the study after screening. The mean Veritas scores of the papers based on publication year, type of study, AMSTAR2, PRISMA, heterogeneity, and publication bias were 4.50, 8.00, 4.63, 4.63, 4.50, and 6.13, respectively. The analysis of the scores revealed insufficiencies in the reviews pertaining to the methodology, comprehension of the research strategy, detailed list of excluded studies, sources of funding, assessment of potential bias risks impact on meta-analysis results in each study, explanation of heterogeneity, and identification of potential conflicts of interest. Furthermore, a total of 85 RCTs were obtained from the eight meta-analysis papers involving 85 acupuncture prescriptions and 67 acupoints for subsequent data mining. The most commonly used meridian was Stomach meridian of Foot-Yangming (ST). Zusanli (ST36), Neiguan (PC6), Zhongwan (CV12), Taichong (LR3), Tianshu (ST25), Gongsun (SP4), Weishu (BL21), Pishu (BL20), Neiting (ST44), and Yinlingquan (SP9) topped the list of frequently selected acupoints. Additionally, a total of 28 association rules were identified, including 10 second-order, 15 third-order, and 3 fourth-order association rules. The top-ranking association rules in each order were “Neiguan (PC6) → Zusanli (ST36)” “Zhongwan (CV12) + Neiguan (PC6) → Zusanli (ST36)” and “Zhongwan (CV12) + Taichong (LR3) + Neiguan (PC6) → Zusanli (ST36)”, respectively.@*Conclusion@#Acupuncture could alleviate the clinical symptoms of FD. However, the quality of methodology applied in the meta-analysis papers on the subject needs to be improved. Through data mining, a combination of Neiguan (PC6), Zusanli (ST36), Zhongwan (CV12), and Taichong (LR3) was identified as an essential acupoint combination for the treatment of FD.

Design of Multimedia English Online Teaching Platform under Wireless Network Communication Technology.

The traditional online teaching platform has poor compatibility due to the high data delay in practical applications. Therefore, a Multimedia English online teaching platform under wireless network communication technology is designed. Aiming at the actual functional requirements of online teaching, the overall architecture of the Multimedia English online teaching platform is designed. In this architecture, the hardware of the data collector, memory, and main controller is deployed to build the platform. Based on the wireless network communication technology, the software modules are divided into two parts. It is made of a number of functional modules. The design of the platform functional modules is mainly based on the main functions of the administrator submodule, the teacher submodule, and the student submodule. At the same time, the weight of the indicators is determined by combining the analytic hierarchy process and the evaluation domain for the quality evaluation of Multimedia English online teaching is established. The level model completes the platform design. The experimental results show that the test results of the designed platform meet the expected goals and can effectively improve the quality and efficiency of Multimedia English online teaching. The teaching quality is always higher than 95%, and the average teaching efficiency is 96.27%.

Clinical value of circulating tumor cell typing and RAS/RAF gene detection in colorectal cancer / 中国医师杂志

Objective:To investigate the correlation between circulating tumor cell (CTC) detection, RAS/RAF gene mutation and clinicopathological characteristics in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC).Methods:The Amplification Refractory Mutation System (ARMS)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used to detect the gene mutation in the tumor tissues of 138 CRC patients in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from May 2017 to May 2020. At the same time, the venous blood of 138 patients was collected and enriched for CTC genotyping by mRNA in situ hybridization. The correlation between CTC, RAS/RAF gene mutation and clinicopathological features of CRC patients was analyzed.Results:The mutation rates of KRAS, NRAS and BRAF genes were 48.6%(67/138), 5.1%(7/138) and 1.4%(2/138), respectively; The overall positive rate of CTC was 84.1%(116/138). The positive rates of different CTC types were: 23.1%(32/138) in epithelial type, 71.7%(99/138) in mixed type and 12.3%(17/138) in interstitial type respectively. The positive rate of CTC in CRC patients with clinical stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ, lymph node metastasis (N1-N3) and distant metastasis (M1) was significantly higher than that in CRC patients with stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ, no lymph node metastasis (N0) and no distant metastasis (M0) (all P<0.05). The total number of CTC, mixed CTC and interstitial CTC were positively correlated with clinical stage, lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis (all P<0.05). RAS/RAF gene mutation, gender, age, tumor location and tumor differentiation did not affect the positive rate of CTC (all P>0.05). Conclusions:The results of CTC typing are of great research significance for comprehensive treatment, prognosis assessment and stratified management of CRC, among which the interstitial type of CTC may be a high risk factor for the recurrence and metastasis of CRC.

Study on the effect of discharge preparation service in elderly patients with hip fractures / 中国实用护理杂志

[Objective]:To explore the effect evaluation of discharge preparation service on elderly patients with hip fractures.Methods:Totally 80 elderly patients with hip fractures admitted to Shanghai Sixth People′s Hospital from April 2019 to October 2019 were selected as the research objects, and they were divided into intervention group and control group according to admission time, 40 patients in each group. The control group was given routine nursing care, and the intervention group was given readiness service for hospital discharge.The application effect of the scheme was evaluated by the degree of readiness for discharge and the quality of discharge guidance, Barthel index score, Harris score and incidence of complications.Results:In the intervention group,the total score of readiness for hospital discharge of patients was 83.43±8.10,the total score of the quality of discharge guidance was 151.30±16.61,while those in the control group were 77.13 ± 9.30, 141.58 ± 18.34, the differences between the two groups were statistically significant( t=3.23, 2.49, both P<0.05).In terms of the follow-up after patients were discharged for 3 months, the Harris hip score and Barthel index scores for patients with hip fracture were 82.53 ± 7.83 and 88.13 ± 3.34,while those were 76.03 ± 12.15, 86.13 ± 2.65 in the control group,the differences between the two groups were statistically significant ( t=2.84, 2.97, both P<0.05). Conclusions:The discharge preparation service can effectively improve the readiness for hospital discharge and the quality of discharge guidance. It improves the hip joint function, the quality of life of patients, and the clinical outcome of patients effectively.

Analysis on adolescent healthcare capacity at health centers for women and children at district and county level in Chongqing / 中华医院管理杂志

Objective:To analyze and evaluate the capacity of adolescent healthcare at health centers for women and children at district and county level in Chongqing, for theoretical basis in promoting adolescent healthcare.Methods:From January to February 2021, a unified questionnaire was used to collect the information of adolescent healthcare and data of human resources from 39 health centers for women and children at district and county level in Chongqing. The survey data were analyzed by descriptive statistics.Results:Among the 39 health centers for women and children at district and county level in Chongqing, 32 (82.1%) institutions maintain adolescent outpatient clinics, most of which under gynecology (40.6%) instead of independent departments. 37(94.9%) institutions could provide health care services for adolescents, and 26 (66.7%) institutions could provide the services both in and out-institution services. All the institutions could provide services of prevention and treatment for regular reproductive health diseases, but the numbers of institutions providing such services as nutritional assessment, common problems consultation and guidance, psycho-behavioral screening, mental health consultation and guidance, accidental injury prevention and guidance, violence injury prevention and guidance, as well as Internet addiction assessment and guidance, were 25, 20, 16, 10 and 8, respectively. There were 273 medical workers engaged in adolescent healthcare, mostly part-time (98.9%).Conclusions:The construction of outpatient clinics for adolescent health care is expected to be strengthened at health centers for women and children at district and county level in Chongqing. Meanwhile, services provision and human resources of medical workers for adolescent health care are inadequate.

Transcriptome analysis of PBMCs reveals distinct immune response in the asymptomatic and re-detectable positive COVID-19 patients

The existence of asymptomatic and re-detectable positive COVID-19 patients presents the disease control challenges of COVID-19. Most studies on immune response of COVID-19 have focused on the moderately or severely symptomatic patients, however little is known about the immune response in asymptomatic and re-detectable positive patients. Here we performed a comprehensive analysis of the transcriptomic profiles of PBMCs from 48 COVID-19 patients which include 8 asymptomatic, 13 symptomatic, 15 recovering and 12 RP patients. Our analysis revealed a down-regulation of IFN response and complement activation in the asymptomatic patients compared with the symptomatic, indicating a weaker immune response of the PBMCs in the asymptomatic patients. In addition, we observed a lower expression of the cytokines and chemokines in the PBMC of asymptomatic and symptomatic patients. In contrast, the cytokines and chemokines level in the RP patients are higher than the recovering. GSEA analysis showed the enrichment of TNFa/NF-{kappa}B and influenza infection in the RP patients compared with the recovering patients, indicating a flu-like, hyper-inflammatory immune response in the PBMC of RP patients. Thus our findings could extend our understanding of host immune response during the progression COVID-19 disease and help the clinical management and the immunotherapy development for COVID-19.

Mechanism Analysis of Bianketong Tablet in Treatment of Constipation-predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome Based on Network Pharmacology and Bioinformatics / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To explore the potential mechanism of Bianketong tablet （BKT） in the treatment of constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome （C-IBS） based on network pharmacology and bioinformatics. Method:The BKT-meridian network was constructed for analyzing the combined effect of the nine Chinese herbs in BKT. The active components and targets of BKT were collected from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform （TCMSP） and then screened according to the oral bioavailability （OB） and drug likeness （DL） criteria. Following the acquisition of C-IBS target set from GeneCards， Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man （OMIM）， Drugbank and DisGeNet， the protein-protein interaction （PPI） network was constructed. Cytoscape 3.7.2 was utilized for network visualization. The screened key targets were subjected to gene ontology （GO） and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） enrichment analysis using DAVID platform. The C-IBS mouse model was established via intragastric administration of ice water， and the key targets of BKT against C-IBS were verified by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） and immunohistochemistry. Result:The large intestinal meridian was the main site where BKT acted. There were 70 potential active components in BKT， which acted on 227 intersection targets. Through T helper cell 17（Th17） differentiation， Toll-like receptor （TLR）， tumor necrosis factor and other signaling pathways， BKT participated in inflammatory response， immune regulation， intestinal nerve regulation， hormonal regulation， and oxidative stress response， thus exerting the therapeutic effects against C-IBS. As reveled by <italic>in vivo</italic> experiments， BKT significantly improved the small intestinal propulsion rate， up-regulated the expression of vasoactive intestinal peptide （VIP） in serum and colon tissue of C-IBS mice， and down-regulated the expression of nuclear transcription factor-<italic>κ</italic>B （NF-<italic>κ</italic>B）， interleukin（IL）-6， and TLR2 in serum and colon tissue， which confirmed the reliability of integration analysis. Conclusion:BKT inhibits C-IBS via multiple components， multiple targets， and multiple pathways. This study has provided ideas for further clinical research and experimental verification of BKT in the treatment of C-IBS.

Effect of Siwu Paste on Hematopoietic Function of Bone Marrow in Rats with Aplastic Anemia and Its Mechanism / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To explore the regulatory effect of Siwu paste on the bone marrow hematopoietic function of aplastic anemia （AA） model rats. Method:SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group， model group， positive drug （Fufang E'jiao Jiang 10.8 g·kg^-1） group， high-dose Siwu paste （22.68 g·kg^-1） group and low-dose Siwu paste （5.67 g·kg^-1） group. Acetophenazine （APH） combined with cyclophosphamide （CTX） injection was used to establish the aplastic anemia rat model. The administration groups were given the corresponding drugs （<italic>ig</italic>） for 15 consecutive days. The levels of white blood cells （WBC）， red blood cells （RBC）， hemoglobin （HGB）， hematocrit （HCT） and platelets （PLT） in peripheral blood cells of rats were detected， thymus and spleen indexes were calculated and compared. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to detect the levels of interleukin-3 （IL-3） and interleukin-6 （IL-6） in rat serum. The pathological changes of bone marrow were observed by hematoxylin eosin （HE） staining. Western blot and Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） methods were used to detect Toll receptor 4 （TLR4） and nuclear transcription factor-<italic>κ</italic>B （NF-<italic>κ</italic>B） protein and gene expression in rat femoral bone marrow cells. Result:Compared with the normal control group， the WBC， RBC， HGB， HCT and PLT levels of the model group were significantly reduced， the thymus index was significantly decreased， the spleen index was significantly increased， the serum IL-3 level was significantly decreased， and the IL-6 level was significantly increased. The number of neutrophils and megakaryocytes in the femoral bone marrow was reduced， and the medullary cavity was filled with edema fibrofatty tissue. The expressions of TLR4 and NF-<italic>κ</italic>B protein and mRNA in bone marrow cells were significantly increased （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Compared with the model group， the levels of WBC， RBC， HCT and PLT in peripheral blood cells of rats in the high-dose Siwu paste group increased， the thymus index increased， the spleen index decreased， the IL-3 level was significantly increased， the IL-6 level was significantly decreased， the pathological morphology of femoral bone marrow was slightly improved， and the expressions of TLR4 and NF-<italic>κ</italic>B protein and mRNA in bone marrow cells decreased significantly （<italic>P</italic><0.05， <italic>P</italic><0.01）. Conclusion:Siwu paste may improve the bone marrow hematopoietic function of rats with aplastic anemia by regulating the expression of the bone marrow inflammation signal pathway TLR4/NF-<italic>κ</italic>B.

Health literacy and associated factors of freshmen from Jiangsu Province during 2017 and 2018 / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To understand health literacy and associated factors of freshmen from Jiangsu Province, and to provide reference for youth health education.@*Methods@#From 2017 October to 2018 October, a total of 15 602 college freshman were randomly selected from 20 universities in Jiangsu Province via stratified cluster sampling method. Structural questionnaires were used to investigate the status of health literacy. The χ 2 test and multivariate Logistic regression model were used to analyze the influencing factors of health literacy.@*Results@#The health literacy level of college freshmen from Jiangsu Province was 20.2%, among which the literacy levels of knowledge, behavior and skills were 23.0%, 30.7% and 31.5% respectively. The literacy levels of the six public health issues, including safety and first aid, scientific health attitude, knowledge of prevention and treatment of infectious diseases, health information, basic health care, and prevention and treatment of chronic diseases, from high to low, were 72.8%, 58.7%, 28.5%, 28.2%, 20.3% and 15.9%, respectively. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis has showed that students from undergraduate colleges(OR=2.77, 95%CI=2.47-3.11), urban areas(OR=1.20, 95%CI=1.07-1.34), or southern Jiangsu regions(OR=1.10, 95%CI=1.00-1.22), being the only child(OR=1.13, 95%CI=1.03-1.25), higher maternal education level (OR=1.53, 95%CI=1.30-1.79), having both parents(OR=1.16, 95%CI=1.00-1.34), reported higher level of health literacy.@*Conclusion@#The three aspects and six dimensions of health literacy of college freshmen were unbalanced. Health literacy is a shared function of multiple factors including society, family, and individuals. It is essential to promote health education through more efforts on key issues, in order to effectively elevate the health literacy level of adolescent students.

Protection of curcumin to intestinal mucosal barrier by inhibiting enterocyte apoptosis in septic rats / 中华危重病急救医学

Objective:To study the effect of curcumin on enterocyte apoptosis and its protective effect on intestinal mucosal barrier in septic rats.Methods:Eighty-seven 3-month male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into Sham group, model group and curcumin group by random number table method, with 29 rats in each group. The septic rat model was reproduced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). 4 mL dimethyl sulfoxide solution were intraperitoneally injected in both Sham group and model group, 200 mg/kg curcumin dissolved by 4 mL dimethyl sulfoxide solution were intraperitoneally injected in curcumin group 10 minutes after operation. The blood samples (15 rats in each group) were collected 2, 12, 24 hours after operation, and the levels of serum procalcitonin (PCT), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), D-lactic acid and diamine oxidas (DAO) were tested by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The ileum tissues were collected 12 hours, 24 hours after operation in three groups, water content was tested by weighting, pathologic structure was observed by light microscope, the enterocyte apoptosis was tested by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-nick end labeling method (TUNEL). The 7-day survival rate was observed in three groups (14 rats in each group).Results:The serum levels of PCT, TNF-α, D-lactic acid and DAO were higher in model group at 2, 12, 24 hours after operation than those in Sham group, PCT, TNF-α levels were significantly higher in model group than those in Sham group 2 hours after operation [PCT (μg/L): 1.89±0.17 vs. 0.10±0.02, TNF-α (ng/L): 216.51±1.47 vs. 85.25±8.20, both P < 0.01], D-lactic acid, DAO levels were significantly higher in model group than those in Sham group 12 hours after operation [D-lactic acid (mg/L): 40.53±7.76 vs. 11.29±1.28, DAO (ng/L): 1 120.40±302.35 vs. 330.02±81.28, both P < 0.01]. Compared with model group, the levels of serum PCT, TNF-α, D-lactic acid and DAO were lower in curcumin group 2, 12, 24 hours after operation, the statistical difference appeared from 12 hours after operation [PCT (μg/L): 5.37±0.44 vs. 8.67±0.64, TNF-α(ng/L): 211.12±4.31 vs. 313.30±18.46, D-lactic acid (mg/L): 29.74±1.41 vs. 40.53±7.76, DAO (ng/L): 810.71±201.41 vs. 1 120.40±302.35, all P < 0.05], curcumin group had lower water content in ileum tissues 12 hours, 24 hours after operation [(68.34±0.68)% vs. (70.55±0.87)%, (69.41±0.59)% vs. (71.69±0.87)%, both P < 0.05]. The pathologic structures of intestinal villus were normal in Sham group, however, in model group intestinal villus were atrophic, edematous and shorten 12 hours after operation, it was further exacerbated 24 hours after operation. Compared with model group, the pathologic structures of intestinal villus in curcumin group were relived 12 hours, 24 hours after operation. The number of apoptotic enterocytes were significantly increased in model group compared with Sham group 24 hours after operation (cells: 25.48±6.10 vs. 4.00±2.04, P < 0.05), and the number of apoptotic enterocytes was lower in curcumin group than that in model group at the same time (cells: 15.48±3.75 vs. 25.48±6.10), the difference was statistically significant (both P < 0.05). Seven-day survival rate was significantly lower in curcumin than that in model group [42.9% (6/14) vs. 50.0% (7/14)], however, the difference was not statistically significant ( P > 0.05). Conclusion:Curcumin can protect the intestinal mucosal barrier by inhibiting enterocyte apoptosis in septic rats.