Identifying the priorities for supervision by lived experience researchers: a Q sort study.

BACKGROUND: Lived experience researchers draw on their lived and living experiences to either lead on or inform research. Their personal experiences are relevant to the research topic and so they must manage the interplay of their health and healthcare experiences with the research, population, and data they work with, as well as the more general challenges of being a researcher. Lived experience researchers must navigate these dilemmas in addition to queries over their competency, due to issues relating to intersectionality and epistemic injustice. This justifies a motivation to better understand the experiences of lived experience researchers and develop appropriate and personalised supervision based on their preferences and needs. METHODS: Q methodology was used to identify a collection of identity-related issues that impact lived experience researchers during PhD research in the context of the UK. These issues were presented in the form of 54 statements to 18 lived experience researchers to prioritise as topics to explore in supervision. RESULT: It was found that lived experiences researchers could be grouped into three distinct factors following an inverted factor analysis: Factor 1: Strengthening my identity, skills, growth, and empowerment; Factor 2: Exploring the emotional and relational link I have with the research and Factor 3: Navigating my lived and professional experiences practically and emotionally. The findings suggest that there may be three types of lived experience researchers, each with different needs from supervision, suggesting the population is heterogeneous. CONCLUSION: The research identified a deeper understanding of the needs of lived experience researchers and highlights the importance of personalised supervision according to the individual needs of the researcher and their preferences for supervision. The findings reinforce the importance of integrating a clinical dimension into supervision to support the needs of all lived experience researchers.

Deletion of a core APC/C component reveals APC/C function in regulating neuronal USP1 levels and morphology.

Introduction: The Anaphase Promoting Complex (APC/C), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, plays a key role in cell cycle control, but it is also thought to operate in postmitotic neurons. Most studies linking APC/C function to neuron biology employed perturbations of the APC/C activators, cell division cycle protein 20 (Cdc20) and Cdc20 homologue 1 (Cdh1). However, multiple lines of evidence indicate that Cdh1 and Cdc20 can function in APC/C-independent contexts, so that the effects of their perturbation cannot strictly be linked to APC/C function. Methods: We therefore deleted the gene encoding Anaphase Promoting Complex 4 (APC4), a core APC/C component, in neurons cultured from conditional knockout (cKO) mice. Results: Our data indicate that several previously published substrates are actually not APC/C substrates, whereas ubiquitin specific peptidase 1 (USP1) protein levels are altered in APC4 knockout (KO) neurons. We propose a model where the APC/C ubiquitylates USP1 early in development, but later ubiquitylates a substrate that directly or indirectly stabilizes USP1. We further discovered a novel role of the APC/C in regulating the number of neurites exiting somata, but we were unable to confirm prior data indicating that the APC/C regulates neurite length, neurite complexity, and synaptogenesis. Finally, we show that APC4 SUMOylation does not impact the ability of the APC/C to control the number of primary neurites or USP1 protein levels. Discussion: Our data indicate that perturbation studies aimed at dissecting APC/C biology must focus on core APC/C components rather than the APC/C activators, Cdh20 and Cdh1.

Improving Retention Through a Purposeful Multidisciplinary Mentorship Program.

In response to high nurse turnover, a 12-hospital health system team created a sustainable, formalized, and interprofessional mentoring model to improve nurse retention. In the 1st year of the program, 506 mentor-mentee matches were made, and nearly 5000 hours of mentoring time were logged. Data revealed that turnover was significantly reduced in both the mentor and mentee groups compared with employees who were not in the program.

Impact of a transitional care program for heart failure patients at Baylor Scott & White Health: a pilot study.

Heart failure is a chronic health condition characterized by complex symptom management and costly hospitalizations. Hospitalization for the treatment of heart failure symptoms is common; however, many hospitalizations are thought to be preventable with effective self-management. This study describes the small, pilot implementation of a new, interventional, self-management heart failure program, "Engagement in Heart Failure Care" (EHFC), developed to assist heart failure patients with the management of disease symptoms following discharge from an inpatient hospital stay. EHFC was designed to engage patients in managing their symptoms and coaching them in skills that enable them to access medical and supportive care services across community, clinic, and hospital settings to help address both their current and future needs. The results of this pilot study suggest that EHFC's coaching model may have positive benefits on key health and well-being indicators of the patients enrolled.

Balloon valvuloplasty for annular- and leaflet-level tricuspid stenosis: Report of cases and literature review.

Congenital tricuspid valve stenosis is extremely rare. We describe 2 cases of patients with adult congenital heart disease with hypoplastic tricuspid valve annulus who were symptomatic from annular- and leaflet-level tricuspid stenosis. The patients underwent transcatheter balloon valvuloplasty with good clinical outcomes. An extensive literature review and analysis of various procedural strategies suggests that percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty may be a reasonable therapeutic choice as a first-line therapy or when open surgical repair is associated with prohibitively high mortality. This procedure can be performed either as a destination therapy or as a bridge to valve replacement.

Learning to draw parametric faces.

Humans' ability to draw faces accurately from memory is extremely rare. One source of difficulty is the drawing process itself, which requires converting a complex, three-dimensional mental representation to a two-dimensional drawing. To simplify the drawing process and more directly assess people's recall of faces, we used the Parameterized Face Drawing (PFD) model (Day & Davidenko, Visual Cognition, 26(2), 89-99, 2018; Day & Davidenko, Journal of Vision, 19(11):7, 1-12, 2019) to generate simplified face stimuli that non-artists could draw. In Experiment 1, participants (N = 37) completed a sequential drawing-by-copying task in which they were given 60 s to draw each of 18 target faces by copying them using a stylus on a touchscreen. Following each drawing, participants were prompted to label a set of 20 key points on their drawing based on a reference face, which were used to compute the drawing's accuracy. In Experiment 2, participants (N = 22) observed each target face for 15 s and were then given 60 s to draw it from memory. In Experiment 1, the accuracy of drawings improved slightly over the course of the 18 trials, although most of the improvement occurred during the first few trials. In Experiment 2 (drawing-from-memory), there was no evidence of improvement, although the null results are tentative given the small sample size. Despite weak evidence of learning, participants' drawings captured the likeness of the target faces significantly better than chance. We discuss implications of these findings for the use of drawing as a method of face recall.

Academy of Clinical Essentials: A Revolutionary Nurse Staffing and Education Model.

A revolutionary academic-practice partnership model was implemented at the University of Maryland Medical System (UMMS) with the University of Maryland School of Nursing, through which the preparation and transition to practice of new graduate nurses were reimagined, resulting in intentional support for staffing the nursing workforce. Groups of nursing students were paired with a UMMS-funded clinical instructor to take a full patient assignment for one 12-hour shift in a UMMS hospital each week. This instructor-led cohort is equivalent to one UMMS nurse and was included in the staffing numbers of participating units.

Measuring asymmetry in facial morphea via 3-dimensional stereophotogrammetry.

BACKGROUND: Objectively determining tissue loss in craniofacial morphea is challenging. However, 3-dimensional (3D) stereophotogrammetry is a noninvasive modality that may be a useful adjunct. OBJECTIVE: To prospectively evaluate 3D stereophotogrammetry in the assessment of craniofacial linear morphea. METHODS: Participants underwent clinical, quality-of-life, and 3D-stereophotogrammetry assessments. Traditional photographs and 3D-stereophotogrammetry images were rated as mild, moderate, or severe by 2 experts and 2 nonexperts. In addition, interrater and intrarater reliability (on delayed rescoring) were calculated. RESULTS: Of 23 patients with craniofacial morphea, 3D stereophotogrammetry detected pathologic asymmetry in 14 (20.6%) patients. Providers rated patients as more severely affected when using 3D stereophotogrammetry versus when using traditional photographs (19% severe on 3D stereophotogrammetry vs 0% severe on traditional photographs, P = .004). Qualitative ratings of both traditional and 3D images showed high inter- and intrarater reliability between experts and nonexperts alike. Physicians' Global Assessment of Damage scores correlated with mouth asymmetry (P = .0021), cheek asymmetry (P = .04), and 3D-stereophotogrammetry ratings (median, mild: 27.5 vs moderate: 46.5 vs severe: 64, P = .0152). Lower face asymmetry correlated with worse quality-of-life scores (P = .013). LIMITATIONS: Small sample size and cross-sectional design. CONCLUSION: 3D stereophotogrammetry can reliably detect and quantify asymmetry in craniofacial morphea with greater sensitivity than that observed with traditional assessment alone. 3D stereophotogrammetry may be a useful adjunct to clinical examination.

Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Myocardial Work Indices for Identification of Cancer Therapy-Related Cardiotoxicity.

BACKGROUND: Echocardiographic global longitudinal strain (GLS) is a useful measure for detection of cancer treatment-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD) but is influenced by blood pressure changes. This limitation may be overcome by assessment of myocardial work (MW), which incorporates blood pressure into the calculation. OBJECTIVES: This work aims to determine whether myocardial work indices (MWIs) can help diagnose or prognosticate CTRCD. METHODS: In this prospective cohort study, 136 women undergoing anthracycline and trastuzumab treatment for HER2+ breast cancer, underwent serial echocardiograms and cardiac magnetic resonance pre- and post-anthracycline and every 3 months during trastuzumab. GLS, global work index (GWI), global constructive work (GCW), global wasted work, and global work efficiency were measured. CTRCD was defined with cardiac magnetic resonance. Generalized estimating equations quantified the association between changes in GLS and MWIs and CTRCD at the current (diagnosis) and subsequent visit (prognosis). Regression tree analysis was used to explore the combined use of GLS and MW for the diagnostic/prognostic assessment of CTRCD. RESULTS: Baseline left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was 63.2 ± 4.0%. Thirty-seven (27.2%) patients developed CTRCD. An absolute change in GLS (standardized odds ratio [sOR]: 1.97 [95% CI: 1.07-3.66]; P = 0.031) and GWI (sOR: 1.73 [95% CI: 1.04-2.85]; P = 0.033) were associated with concurrent CTRCD. An absolute change in GLS (sOR: 1.79 [95% CI: 1.22-2.62]; P = 0.003), GWI (sOR: 1.67 [95% CI: 1.20-2.32]; P = 0.003), and GCW (sOR: 1.65 [95% CI: 1.17-2.34]; P = 0.005) were associated with subsequent CTRCD. Change in GWI and GCW demonstrated incremental value over GLS and clinical factors for the diagnosis of concurrent CTRCD. In a small group with a GLS change <3.3% (absolute), and a >21 mm Hg reduction in systolic blood pressure, worsening of GWI identified patients with higher probability of concurrent CTRCD (24.0% vs 5.2%). MWIs did not improve identification of subsequent CTRCD beyond knowledge of GLS change. CONCLUSIONS: GLS can be used to diagnose and prognosticate cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) defined CTRCD, with additional value from MWIs in selected cases. (Evaluation of Myocardial Changes During Breast Adenocarcinoma Therapy to Detect Cardiotoxicity Earlier With MRI [EMBRACE-MRI]; NCT02306538).

When is synchronous telehealth acceptable for pediatric dermatology?

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the acceptance of synchronous (live video) telehealth for pediatric dermatology. METHODS: This was a prospective, single-center study of patient and dermatologist surveys paired at the encounter level for telehealth encounters with Children's Hospital Colorado Pediatric Dermatology Clinic between 21 April 2020 and 22 May 2020. RESULTS: Dermatologists were most receptive to a telehealth encounter for isotretinoin monitoring (96.6%) and non-isotretinoin acne (89.5%). In contrast, 71.8% and 58.8% of patients surveyed were open to telehealth for isotretinoin encounters and non-isotretinoin acne encounters, respectively. There was no significant correlation between patient and dermatologist satisfaction regarding a telehealth encounter (r = 0.09, CI [-0.09, 0.26], p = .34) or between patient and dermatologist preference for telehealth encounter (r = 0.07, CI [-0.11, 0.25] p = .46). Dermatologists reported needing a photo to aid their physical examination in 38/363 (10.7%) of encounters and preferred in-person examinations when an encounter would have benefitted from laboratories, procedures, dermatoscopic examination, examination by palpation, and accurate weights in infants. CONCLUSIONS: Synchronous, live-video telehealth is an effective method of healthcare delivery in certain situations for pediatric dermatology, but it does not replace in-person encounters. Families and dermatologists have different perceptions about its acceptance.

Long-term Outcomes of Adults With Tricuspid Regurgitation Following Transcatheter Atrial Septal Defect Closure.

BACKGROUND: Functional tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is a common pathophysiologic condition in adults with ostium secundum atrial septal defect (ASD). The aim of this study was to evaluate long-term outcomes following transcatheter ASD closure, which have not been well studied among patients with significant TR. METHODS: We reviewed consecutive adult patients who underwent transcatheter ASD closure at Toronto General Hospital, Ontario, Canada, from 1998 to 2016. We linked our hospital registry with Ontario population-based health administrative databases to collect longitudinal data on inpatient and outpatient health care utilisation and vital status. RESULTS: In this cohort study of 949 patients, 199 (22%) had moderate to severe TR before transcatheter ASD closure. A significant proportion of patients (61%) showed improvement in TR severity to at least mild TR after ASD intervention. At a median follow-up of 10.9 years, patients with baseline mild or no TR, compared with those with greater than moderate TR, had significantly lower rates of all-cause mortality (6.8 vs 22.5 per 1000 person-years [PY]; P < 0.001), composite hospitalisation for atrial fibrillation (AF) or heart failure (HF) (22.3 vs 49.1 per 1000 PY; P < 0.001), and new onset of AF (10.4 vs 20.2 per 1000 PY; P = 0.002) and HF (5.0 vs 9.2 per 1000 PY; P = 0.039). Preprocedural TR was independently associated with higher all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio 1.69, 95% confidence interval 1.08-2.62). CONCLUSIONS: TR severity was independently associated with a higher risk of mortality and morbidity. Further investigation of earlier device closure or concomitant tricuspid valve intervention may be of interest.

Age-Adjusted Associations Between Comorbidity and Outcomes of COVID-19: A Review of the Evidence From the Early Stages of the Pandemic.

Objectives: Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, people with underlying comorbidities were overrepresented in hospitalised cases of COVID-19, but the relationship between comorbidity and COVID-19 outcomes was complicated by potential confounding by age. This review therefore sought to characterise the international evidence base available in the early stages of the pandemic on the association between comorbidities and progression to severe disease, critical care, or death, after accounting for age, among hospitalised patients with COVID-19. Methods: We conducted a rapid, comprehensive review of the literature (to 14 May 2020), to assess the international evidence on the age-adjusted association between comorbidities and severe COVID-19 progression or death, among hospitalised COVID-19 patients - the only population for whom studies were available at that time. Results: After screening 1,100 studies, we identified 14 eligible for inclusion. Overall, evidence for obesity and cancer increasing risk of severe disease or death was most consistent. Most studies found that having at least one of obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, heart disease, cancer, or chronic lung disease was significantly associated with worse outcomes following hospitalisation. Associations were more consistent for mortality than other outcomes. Increasing numbers of comorbidities and obesity both showed a dose-response relationship. Quality and reporting were suboptimal in these rapidly conducted studies, and there was a clear need for additional studies using population-based samples. Conclusions: This review summarises the most robust evidence on this topic that was available in the first few months of the pandemic. It was clear at this early stage that COVID-19 would go on to exacerbate existing health inequalities unless actions were taken to reduce pre-existing vulnerabilities and target control measures to protect groups with chronic health conditions.

Periungual Papules in an Elderly Woman.

Eligible for 1 MOC SA Credit From the ABD This Photo Challenge in our print edition is eligible for 1 self-assessment credit for Maintenance of Certification from the American Board of Dermatology (ABD). After completing this activity, diplomates can visit the ABD website (http://www.abderm.org) to self-report the credits under the activity title "Cutis Photo Challenge." You may report the credit after each activity is completed or after accumulating multiple credits.

The Cal-DSH diversion guidelines.

The Cal-DSH Diversion Guidelines provide 10 general guidelines that jurisdictions should consider when developing diversion programs for individuals with a serious mental illness (SMI) who become involved in the criminal justice system. Screening for SMI in a jail setting is reviewed. In addition, important treatment interventions for SMI and substance use disorders are highlighted with the need to address criminogenic risk factors highlighted.

Parametric face drawings: A demographically diverse and customizable face space model.

We introduce a novel face space model-parametric face drawings (or PFDs)-to generate schematic, though realistic, parameterized line drawings of faces based on the statistical distribution of human facial features. A review of existing face space models (including FaceGen Modeller, Synthetic Faces, MPI, and active appearance model) indicates that current models are constrained by their reliance on ethnically homogeneous face databases. This constraint has led to negative consequences for underrepresented populations, such as impairments in automatized identity recognition of certain demographic groups. Our model is based on a demographically diverse sample of 400 faces (200 female, 200 male; 100 East Asian/Pacific Islander, 100 Latinx/Hispanic, 100 black/African-American, and 100 white/Caucasian) compiled from several face databases (including FERET face recognition technology and the Chicago Face Database). Each front-view face image is manually coded with 85 landmark points that are then normalized and rendered with MATLAB (MathWorks, Natick, MA) tools to produce a smooth, parameterized face line drawing. We present data from two behavioral experiments to validate our model and demonstrate its applicability. In Experiment 1 we show that PFDs produce a reliable "inversion effect" in short-term recognition, a hallmark of holistic processing. In Experiment 2, we conduct a celebrity recognition task, comparing performance on PFDs to performance on untextured renderings from FaceGen Modeller. Participants successfully recognized approximately 50% of celebrity faces based on the PFD models, comparable to performance based on FaceGen Modeler (also 50% correct). We highlight a range of potential applications of our model, list some limitations, and provide MATLAB resources for researchers to utilize our face space, including the ability to customize the demographic makeup of the face space, add new faces, and produce morphs and caricatures.

Deficits in temporal order memory induced by interferon-alpha (IFN-α) treatment are rescued by aerobic exercise.

Patients receiving cytokine immunotherapy with IFN-α frequently present with neuropsychiatric consequences and cognitive impairments, including a profound depressive-like symptomatology. While the neurobiological substrates of the dysfunction that leads to adverse events in IFN-α-treated patients remains ill-defined, dysfunctions of the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC) are strong possibilities. To date, hippocampal deficits have been well-characterised; there does however remain a lack of insight into the nature of prefrontal participation. Here, we used a PFC-supported temporal order memory paradigm to examine if IFN-α treatment induced deficits in performance; additionally, we used an object recognition task to assess the integrity of the perirhinal cortex (PRH). Finally, the utility of exercise as an ameliorative strategy to recover temporal order deficits in rats was also explored. We found that IFN-α-treatment impaired temporal order memory discriminations, whereas recognition memory remained intact, reflecting a possible dissociation between recognition and temporal order memory processing. Further characterisation of temporal order memory impairments using a longitudinal design revealed that deficits persisted for 10 weeks following cessation of IFN-α-treatment. Finally, a 6 week forced exercise regime reversed IFN-α-induced deficits in temporal order memory. These data provide further insight into the circuitry involved in cognitive impairments arising from IFN-α-treatment. Here we suggest that PFC (or the hippocampo-prefrontal pathway) may be compromised whilst the function of the PRH is preserved. Deficits may persist after cessation of IFN-α-treatment which suggests that extended patient monitoring is required. Aerobic exercise may be restorative and could prove beneficial for patients treated with IFN-α.