Incidence of pulmonary embolism during COPD exacerbation.

OBJECTIVE: Because pulmonary embolism (PE) and COPD exacerbation have similar presentations and symptoms, PE can be overlooked in COPD patients. Our objective was to determine the prevalence of PE during COPD exacerbation and to describe the clinical aspects in COPD patients diagnosed with PE. METHODS: This was a prospective study conducted at a university hospital in the city of Ankara, Turkey. We included all COPD patients who were hospitalized due to acute exacerbation of COPD between May of 2011 and May of 2013. All patients underwent clinical risk assessment, arterial blood gas analysis, chest CT angiography, and Doppler ultrasonography of the lower extremities. In addition, we measured D-dimer levels and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP) levels. RESULTS: We included 172 patients with COPD. The prevalence of PE was 29.1%. The patients with pleuritic chest pain, lower limb asymmetry, and high NT-pro-BNP levels were more likely to develop PE, as were those who were obese or immobile. Obesity and lower limb asymmetry were independent predictors of PE during COPD exacerbation (OR = 4.97; 95% CI, 1.775-13.931 and OR = 2.329; 95% CI, 1.127-7.105, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of PE in patients with COPD exacerbation was higher than expected. The association between PE and COPD exacerbation should be considered, especially in patients who are immobile or obese.

Incidence of pulmonary embolism during COPD exacerbation / Incidência de embolia pulmonar durante exacerbação da DPOC

OBJECTIVE: Because pulmonary embolism (PE) and COPD exacerbation have similar presentations and symptoms, PE can be overlooked in COPD patients. Our objective was to determine the prevalence of PE during COPD exacerbation and to describe the clinical aspects in COPD patients diagnosed with PE. METHODS: This was a prospective study conducted at a university hospital in the city of Ankara, Turkey. We included all COPD patients who were hospitalized due to acute exacerbation of COPD between May of 2011 and May of 2013. All patients underwent clinical risk assessment, arterial blood gas analysis, chest CT angiography, and Doppler ultrasonography of the lower extremities. In addition, we measured D-dimer levels and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP) levels. RESULTS: We included 172 patients with COPD. The prevalence of PE was 29.1%. The patients with pleuritic chest pain, lower limb asymmetry, and high NT-pro-BNP levels were more likely to develop PE, as were those who were obese or immobile. Obesity and lower limb asymmetry were independent predictors of PE during COPD exacerbation (OR = 4.97; 95% CI, 1.775-13.931 and OR = 2.329; 95% CI, 1.127-7.105, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of PE in patients with COPD exacerbation was higher than expected. The association between PE and COPD exacerbation should be considered, especially in patients who are immobile or obese. .

OBJETIVO: Visto que a embolia pulmonar (EP) e a exacerbação da DPOC têm apresentação e sintomas comuns, o diagnóstico de EP pode ser negligenciado nesses pacientes. Nosso objetivo foi determinar a prevalência de EP durante a exacerbação da DPOC e descrever os aspectos clínicos em portadores de DPOC diagnosticados com EP. MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo conduzido em um hospital universitário na cidade de Ancara, Turquia. Entre maio de 2011 e maio de 2013, todos os pacientes hospitalizados por exacerbação aguda da DPOC foram incluídos no estudo. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos a avaliação de risco clínico, gasometria arterial, angiotomografia de tórax e ultrassonografia Doppler de membros inferiores. Além disso, foram medidos os níveis de dímero-D e de N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP). RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos 172 pacientes com DPOC. A prevalência de EP foi de 29,1 %. Os pacientes com DPOC e dor torácica pleurítica, assimetria de membros inferiores e altos níveis de NT-pro-BNP, assim como aqueles que estavam obesos ou imobilizados, apresentavam maior probabilidade de desenvolver EP. Obesidade e assimetria de membros inferiores foram preditores independentes de EP nos pacientes com exacerbação da DPOC (OR = 4,97; IC95%, 1,775-13,931 e OR = 2,329; IC95% CI, 1,127-7,105, respectivamente). CONCLUSÕES: A prevalência de EP em pacientes com exacerbação da DPOC foi maior que a esperada. A associação entre EP e exacerbação da DPOC deve ser considerada nesses pacientes, especialmente naqueles imobilizados ou obesos. .