[Genotoxicity of psychotropic drugs in experimental and clinical studies]. / Genotoksichnost' psikhotropnykh lekarstv v eksperimental'nykh i klinicheskikh issledovaniyakh.

The analysis of experimental data on the study of the genotoxic activity of psychotropic drugs published over the past 25 years has been carried out. It has been shown that the information describing the genotoxicity of psychotropic drugs is characterized by fragmentation, contradictions, and the conditions for their experimental production often do not meet modern requirements. Conclusions about the presence or absence of genotoxic properties can be made only for 9.6% 94 examined drugs. The need for a large-scale systematic reassessment of the genotoxicity of psychotropic drugs, especially drugs of the first generation, on the basis of modern methodology, including studies of mutagen-modifying activity, has been proven. The expediency of monitoring the genotoxic status of patients receiving psychotropic drugs is emphasized, which should contribute to an adequate assessment of the genotoxic risk of their use and objectification of approaches when choosing a drug for the safe therapy. The urgency of conducting research to determine the role of primary DNA damage in the pathogenesis of mental illnesses has been substantiated.

Induced Cell Death as a Possible Pathway of Antimutagenic Action.

The existing concepts of antimutagenesis are briefly reviewed. Published reports on antimutagenic and proapoptotic properties of some polyphenols and compounds of other chemical groups obtained in representative in vitro and in vivo experiments on eukaryotic test systems are discussed. The relationships between the antimutagenic and proapoptotic properties of the analyzed compounds (naringin, apigenin, resveratrol, curcumin, N-acetylcysteine, etc.) are considered in favor of the hypothesis on induced cell death as an antimutagenic tool.

[Noninvasive methods of investigation of mammary coronary grafts and coronary vascular bed in remote period after coronary artery bypass grafting].

Aim of the present study was to investigate diagnostic value of treadmill test, stress echocardiography during exercise on treadmill as well as color duplex scanning in assessment of the state of mammary coronary grafts and coronary vascular bed in remote period after coronary artery bypass grafting. Parameters of 73 patients (70 men and 3 women) were analyzed on the average after 4.9 +/- 1.8 years after aortocoronary-mammary coronary grafting surgery. Results of examination of patients in remote terms after operations of aortocoronary-mammary coronary grafting evidence for high sensitivity and low specificity of treadmill test for lesions of mammary coronary grafts and coronary arteries. We revealed high sensitivity and specificity of stress echocardiography in diagnosis of grafts lesions including those in patients with postinfarction cardiosclerosis of anterior localization. High informativity of the method of color duplex scanning of mammary coronary grafts at rest and at the background of stress test with high dose dipyridamole in detection of grafts stenoses and occlusions was also demonstrated.