Uterine Leiomyoma-Like Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor Without Myxoid Matrix or Inflammatory Cell Infiltration: A Case Report of a Potential Diagnostic Pitfall.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs) of the uterus are relatively rare. Although most IMTs exhibit indolent biological behaviors, local recurrence, and metastasis may occur. Such patients may benefit from targeted therapy; therefore, precise diagnosis is essential for clinical follow up and treatment. Here, we describe a 33-year-old woman with a uterine mass that was detected 4 years previously during pregnancy. The morphology of the tumor resembled that of a uterine leiomyoma, lacking myxoid matrix, and inflammation. Following immunohistochemical and molecular analyses, the tumor was definitively identified as a uterine IMT based on its morphological features. The uterine IMT described in this case had a rare morphology, which can be easily misdiagnosed based on histology alone. Hence, understanding the morphological changes of IMTs in greater detail is imperative to facilitate their accurate diagnosis.

Hyalinising clear cell carcinoma of the lung: A case report and review of literature.

BACKGROUND: Hyalinising clear cell carcinoma (HCCC) of the lung is a rare tumor, with only 12 reported cases. To improve the differential diagnosis, the aim of this study was to clarify the clinicopathological characteristics, immunophenotype, and molecular characteristics of HCCC of the lung and relate these to prognosis. METHODS: Sections of HCCC of the lung were collected from a patient for pathological observation, immunohistochemistry, histochemistry, and fluorescence in situ hybridization; the clinical, pathological, and molecular characteristics were compared with those reported in the literature. RESULTS: The tumor had a well-demarcated border nodule with a maximal diameter of 2.5 cm. Microscopic findings showed either clear or eosinophilic cytoplasm in the tumor cells. Growth was predominantly in the sheets, nests, and trabeculae in a background of hyalinised, fibrotic stroma, and mucus degeneration. Immunohistochemistry showed that the tumor cells expressed cytokeratin 7, P63, P40, CK5/6, Pan Cytokeratin (PCK), and epithelial membrane antigen, whereas they were negative for thyroid transcription factor-1, napsin A, CD10, vimentin, and smooth muscle actin. The Ki67 proliferation index was 5%. The tumor was positive for both period acid-Schiff (PAS) and Alcian blue-PAS, with a small amount of mucus staining positive for PAS-diastase. Fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed Ewing sarcoma breakpoint region 1 rearrangement and Ewing sarcoma breakpoint region 1-activating transcription factor 1 fusion. CONCLUSIONS: HCCC is a low-grade carcinoma with excellent prognosis. Tumour necrosis may be a potential risk factor for recurrence and metastasis. Our review of reported cases suggests that regional lymph node dissection combined with lobectomy is a safer treatment than only lobectomy for HCCC of the lung.