RÉSUMÉ
BACKGROUND: Quarantines may exacerbate the presence of emotional symptoms or anxiety. AIM: To explore the relation between time spent in lockdown and development of depressive and anxiety symptoms. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A survey including the GAD anxiety and PHQ-9 depression scores was answered online by 1,488 subjects aged 36 ± 14 years (74% women), invited to participate through social networks. Both scores are validated for the Chilean population. RESULTS: Most responders had a private health insurance system. Sixty seven percent had clinically significant depressive symptoms and 39% had anxiety symptoms. Spending four or more weeks of lockdown (quarantine) was associated with 1.6 times higher risk of developing depressive symptoms and 2.9 times higher risk of developing anxiety symptoms. Difficulties in access to health care increased 3.3 times the risk of developing depression. Suffering a respiratory disease increased 2.39 times the risk of developing anxiety. CONCLUSIONS: There was a direct association between depressive and anxious symptoms, and the time spent of quarantine.
Sujet(s)
Humains , Mâle , Femelle , Quarantaine/psychologie , Dépression/étiologie , Dépression/psychologie , Dépression/épidémiologie , Anxiété/épidémiologie , Troubles anxieux , Questionnaire de santé du patientRÉSUMÉ
BACKGROUND: Quarantines may exacerbate the presence of emotional symptoms or anxiety. AIM: To explore the relation between time spent in lockdown and development of depressive and anxiety symptoms. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A survey including the GAD anxiety and PHQ-9 depression scores was answered online by 1,488 subjects aged 36 ± 14 years (74% women), invited to participate through social networks. Both scores are validated for the Chilean population. RESULTS: Most responders had a private health insurance system. Sixty seven percent had clinically significant depressive symptoms and 39% had anxiety symptoms. Spending four or more weeks of lockdown (quarantine) was associated with 1.6 times higher risk of developing depressive symptoms and 2.9 times higher risk of developing anxiety symptoms. Difficulties in access to health care increased 3.3 times the risk of developing depression. Suffering a respiratory disease increased 2.39 times the risk of developing anxiety. CONCLUSIONS: There was a direct association between depressive and anxious symptoms, and the time spent of quarantine.
Sujet(s)
Dépression , Quarantaine , Anxiété/épidémiologie , Troubles anxieux , Dépression/épidémiologie , Dépression/étiologie , Dépression/psychologie , Femelle , Humains , Mâle , Questionnaire de santé du patient , Quarantaine/psychologieRÉSUMÉ
PURPOSE: To gain further understanding of the general medical comorbidity of binge eating disorder (BED) beyond its association with obesity. METHOD: We reviewed studies of general medical comorbidity in people with BED or clinically significant binge eating behavior beyond obesity. We also reviewed studies of BED in specific medical conditions. RESULTS: Three broad study categories of medical comorbidity in BED were found: cross-sectional studies of medical conditions in BED; prospective studies of medical conditions in BED; and studies of BED in specific medical conditions. Cross-sectional epidemiologic data suggest that BED is associated with medical conditions related to obesity, including diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemias, sleep problems/disorders, and pain conditions, and that BED may be related to these conditions independent of obesity and co-occurring psychiatric disorders. Prospective data suggest that BED may be associated with type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. BED or binge eating behavior is also associated with asthma and gastrointestinal symptoms and disorders, and among women, menstrual dysfunction, pregnancy complications, intracranial hypertension, and polycystic ovary syndrome. CONCLUSIONS: BED is associated with substantial medical comorbidity beyond obesity. Further study of the general medical comorbidity of BED and its relationship to obesity and co-occurring psychiatric disorders is greatly needed.