[Neuropathogenecity of Coxsackie B virus strains isolated from children with clinical manifestations of aseptic meningitis in different years].

The neuropathogenicity of Coxsackie B3, B1, and B5 virus strains was studied in experimentally infected suckling BALB/c mice and in contact animals from the same nest and litter infected due to the natural virus spread. The similar neurological disorders were found in both groups of animals. The data on pathological and morphological changes in the medulla oblongata as dystrophic and necrotic changes in the neurons with their lysis and deletion, brain tissue edema, and hemodynamic changes confirmed the neutrotropicity of the strains under study. The revealed pattern of brain lesions did not depend on the time of isolation of the viral strains being examined.

Experimental modeling of viral diseases of the locomotor system.

Dissemination of infectious inflammation was studied in experimental influenza and acute and chronic herpesvirus infections. The possibility of articular involvement into the infectious process was evaluated. Pathomorphological signs of changes in the articular tissue confirmed the effects of these viruses on the locomotor pathology. Results of virus infection simulation in experimental animals suggest this model for studies of the pathogenesis of diseases of viral etiology (including those with articular involvement) in humans.

[Molecular and epidemiological characteristics of tick-borne encephalitis virus in the Sverdlovsk Region on the basis of genotype-specific RT-PCR].

Studies and complete awareness of the regional and epidemiological properties of tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) allow one to improve methods for preventing, diagnosing, and treating its severe neurological infection. The authors have developed reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) systems for the detection of RNA of TBEV and for the determination of its genotype in the ticks and clinical materials. RT-PTC was shown to have a higher sensitivity and specificity than the practically used enzyme immunoassay system. Despite significant variations in the spread of infected ticks in some districts of the Sverdlovsk Region (5-12%), the average regional value was 8% over the study period. The authors have studied more than a thousand of ticks collected from the nature and humans in the epidemic season of 2005-2006. There was a virtually complete predominance (more than 95%) of the Ural-Siberian genotype, with rare cases of the European genotype (slightly more than 4%) being detected. The Far-Eastern genotype was not detected.

[Genetic variations of hepatitis C virus circulating in the Ural region]. / Geneticheskie varianty virusa gepatita C, tsirkuliruiushchie na territorii Ural'skogo regiona.

A study of distributions of different genetic variations (subtypes) of hepatitis C virus (HCV), circulating in the territories of Yekaterinburg and Chelyabinsk among infected population categories of different social statuses and age, is reported in the paper. The predominance of 1b subtype was shown in the HCV-infected patients at the hemodialysis center (HDC) and at the pediatric oncohematology center (OHC), 83.3% and 84.6% respectively. The summarized results of examinations of patients conducted at HCV-infection departments (97 persons) did not reveal any essential differences between the data, obtained for Moscow and Saint-Petersburg, concerning the distributions of HCV subtypes. However, according to an analysis made in cities of the Urals region, the prevalence of 1b subtype in Chelyabinsk was 2-fold higher than that of 3a subtype, whereas in Yekaterinburg there was an equal ratio (1:1) between the above subtypes. Besides, unequal distributions of HCV subtypes were registered in different age groups. 3a subtype was found to be predominant in patients aged 15 to 27, and prevalence of 1b subtype persisted in persons aged below 15 and above 27. The conclusion is that the redistributed occurrence rates of separate HCV subtypes, with their spectrum in mentioned territories being preserved, is associated with a growing number of young drug-addicts who are more often get infected with 3a subtype.

[The potentials for the comprehensive diagnosis of viral encephalitis in Sverdlovsk Province]. / Vozmozhnosti kompleksnoi diagnostiki virusnykh éntsefalitov v Sverdlovskoi oblasti.

The suggested scheme of laboratory tests helped identify the etiology of viral encephalitides in 65.9% of cases. Diagnosis of tick-borne encephalitis was confirmed by laboratory findings in 93.6% of cases. Patients with Californian encephalitis were detected in the Sverdlovsk region for the first time. A rather high rate of detection of antibodies to Tahyna virus was revealed in the examined population: up to 60%. Influenza origin of encephalitis was recognized in 6.2% of cases, Lyme's disease was diagnosed in 9.3%.

[Characteristics of a culture of embryonal human lung cells spontaneously contaminated with mouse cells]. / Kharakteristika kul'tury kletok legkogo émbriona cheloveka, spontanno kontamirovannoi kletkami myshi.

The characteristics of human embryo lung culture spontaneously contaminated with mouse cells (HELCCM) are presented. Changes in the cytological and karyological characteristics of the cells were observed as compared with those of the initial human embryo lung (HEL) cell strain. The culture acquired the resistance to adenovirus type 7; at the same time RNA metabolism in HELCCM culture culture chronically infected with adenovirus practically did not differ from that of the control. Electron microscopic examination of the culture revealed virions of oncornavirus types A and C as well as minimal forms of oncornaviruses which morphologically were close to murine oncornaviruses. The results indicate that in the process of passages the initial diploid cells of HEL were eliminated by mouse cells. Therefore at present, the HELCCM cell line is considered to be a mouse line.

[Electron microscopic study of the usual and "minimal forms" of oncornaviruses in human embryonic lung cells cataminated with mouse cells]. / Elektronno-mikroskpoicheskoe issledovanie obychnykh i "minimal'nykh form" onkornavirusov kletok KLChKM.

Electron microscopic examinations of KLChKM (human embryo cells spontaneously contaminated with mouse cells) cell cultures revealed extracellular oncornaviruses of A and C types and intracisternal virions of A type which in their submicroscopical organization and morphogenesis were identical to oncornaviruses of mouse L cells. Also "minimal forms" (MiF) of oncornaviruses of A and C types the diameter of which was 30--70 nm were found. MiF of oncornaviruses were found to be formed in the process of budding through the cytoplasmic membrane or membranes of intracellular vacuoles.

[Isoenzyme characteristics of glucose-6-phosphage dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase of continuous cells from the collection of the Sverdlovsk Research Institute of Virus Infections]. / Izofermentnaia kharakteristika gliukozo-6-fosfatdegidrogenazy i laktatdegidrogenazy perevivaemykh kletok kollektsii Sverdlovskogo nauchno-issledovatel'skogo instituta virusnykh infektsii

An analysis of isoenzymes of glucose-6-phosphage dehydrogenase (G-6-P-DH) and lactage dehydrogenase (LDH) of continuous cells from the collection of Sverdlovsk Research Institute of Virus Infections was carried out. Seventeen continous human and animal cell lines were examined by electrophoresis in a vertical block of 7% polyacrylamide gel followed by histochemical detection of the enzymes. The HEp-2, HEp-2 clone No. 23, KB, RH, and FL cells were shown to have the electrophoretic motility of G-6-PDG characteristic of HeLa cell line. LEP and SOC cell lines were contaminated with mouse cells. A culture of rat fibroblasts had isoenzymes of G-6-PDG and LDG characteristic of HeLa cell line. The remaining cell lines had the isoenzymatic characteristics corresponding to their species appurtenance.

[Isolation and study of biophysical properties of oncornaviruses type A and C minimal forms]. / Vydelenie i izuchenie biofizicheskikh svoistv minimal'nykh form onkornavirusov tipa A i C

The method of differential centrifugation was used for concentration and purification of the minimal form of oncornaviruses type A and C. The structures showed heterogeneous distribution in sucrose density gradient and formed a peak in the zone of 1.135 g/ml. Electron microscope examinations of negatively stained preparations showed that the size of the minimal forms of oncornaviruses type A and C was 25-60 nm, the diameter of nucleoids 10-30 nm.

[Characteristics of several indices of the mitotic regime of clone strains of HeLa cells infected with adenovirus type 7]. / Kharakteristika nekotorykh pokazatelei mitoticheskogo rezhima klonovykh linii kletok HeLa, zarazhennykh adenovirusom tipa 7

The effect of adenovirus type 7 on the mitotic activity, the level and qualitative characteristics of pathological mitoses was studied in mycoplasma-free and latently mycoplasma-infected cells of clone HeLa cell lines with different sensitivity to this virus. The level and the extent of changes of the mitotic regimen in adenovirus-infected cells depend upon their susceptibility to the virus and initial characteristics of the mitotic regimen of the culture which is somehow related to the presence or absence of mycoplasmal contaminants in the culture. Successful analysis of the virus effect on the mitotic regimen of one or another cell system requires the use of a culture with minimal pathology of the mitotic apparatus and careful tests for the lack of mycoplasmal contaminants.