RÉSUMÉ
Ciprofloxacin was used successfully in a neonate with ventriculitis caused by a multiply resistant strain of Enterobacter cloacae. Limited pharmacokinetic data indicated that adequate concentrations of drug could be attained in cerebrospinal fluid.
Sujet(s)
Ventricules cérébraux , Ciprofloxacine/usage thérapeutique , Encéphalite/traitement médicamenteux , Enterobacter cloacae , Infections à Enterobacteriaceae/traitement médicamenteux , Ciprofloxacine/analyse , Ciprofloxacine/pharmacocinétique , Résistance microbienne aux médicaments , Encéphalite/sang , Encéphalite/liquide cérébrospinal , Encéphalite/microbiologie , Enterobacter cloacae/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Infections à Enterobacteriaceae/sang , Infections à Enterobacteriaceae/liquide cérébrospinal , Femelle , Humains , NourrissonRÉSUMÉ
To compare the use of rice-based oral rehydration solution (R-ORS), with the introduction of food immediately after rehydration ("early feeding"), using standard glucose-based oral rehydration solution (G-ORS) in the management of acute diarrhea, we conducted a four-cell randomized, controlled trial among 200 hospitalized Egyptian infants between 3 and 18 months of age. During the rehydration phase (first 4 hours), three groups were given G-ORS and a fourth group was given R-ORS. During the subsequent maintenance phase, the control group was given a soy-based, lactose-free formula (G-ORS + SF), a second group (G-ORS + RF) was given a rice-based formula, and a third group (G-ORS + rice) was given boiled rice. The fourth group (R-ORS + SF) continued to receive R-ORS for the first 24 hours of the maintenance period, followed by a soy-based lactose-free formula. During the first and second 24 hours of the maintenance period, infants in the three treatment groups had a lower mean stool output in comparison with the control group (p = 0.006 and 0.03, respectively). The mean total stool output in the R-ORS + SF group was significantly lower than in the control group (p = 0.02). There were no statistically significant differences among the four groups in the mean duration of diarrhea. We conclude that (1) infants who were given R-ORS had reduced total stool output (by 35%) compared with the control group and (2) feeding of boiled rice or a rice-based formula immediately after rehydration therapy was as efficacious as treatment with R-ORS alone for 24 hours, followed by feeding with a soy-based, lactose-free formula.