RÉSUMÉ
Undernutrition, anemia, and intestinal parasitic infections are public health problems in Angola, especially in pre-school children. We analyzed binary data from a longitudinal four-arm randomized parallel trial conducted in Bengo Province, northern Angola, over the course of two years, with seven follow-up assessments to explore the effects of four interventions (deworming and a test-and-treat approach for intestinal parasites, at both the individual and household levels) on wasting and stunting, and to understand their indirect benefits for anemia, malaria, diarrhea, and vomiting. A total of 121 children with intestinal parasitic infections received baseline treatment, and were allocated to the four arms (1:1:1:1). Using continuous outcome variables of height-for-age (HAZ) and weight-for-height (WHZ) statistical approaches did not reveal a clear benefit of any particular arm (Pathogens 2021, 10, 309). Next, HAZ and WHZ were transformed into binary variables of stunting and wasting, respectively, considering their mild-to-severe (Z-score < −1) and moderate-to-severe degrees (Z-score < −2). Original clinical data (on anemia, diarrhea, vomiting, and malaria) were also analyzed. From a binary longitudinal analysis with different dependence structures, using the R package bild, fitted models revealed the potential benefit of a test-and-treat approach at the individual level for wasting compared with annual albendazole at the individual level, especially considering mild-to-severe forms (ORadj = 0.27; p = 0.007). All arms showed similar effects on stunting, compared with annual albendazole, at a 5% significance level. Time and age at baseline presented favorable effects in the percentage of stunting using both severity degrees. Results showed a decreased chance of having anemia and diarrhea over time, although with no significant differences between arms. Data from longitudinal studies are essential to study the direct and indirect effects of interventions, such as deworming, and to explore additional approaches aiming at better understanding the temporal structure of nutrition and health outcomes in children.
Sujet(s)
Anémie , Parasitoses intestinales , Paludisme , Parasites , Albendazole/usage thérapeutique , Anémie/diagnostic , Anémie/traitement médicamenteux , Anémie/étiologie , Animaux , Cachexie , Enfant , Enfant d'âge préscolaire , Diarrhée/traitement médicamenteux , Troubles de la croissance/traitement médicamenteux , Humains , Nourrisson , Parasitoses intestinales/diagnostic , Parasitoses intestinales/traitement médicamenteux , Paludisme/complications , Paludisme/traitement médicamenteux , Prévalence , VomissementRÉSUMÉ
Skin infection with Mycobacterium marinum can rarely spread to deeper structures, making it more difficult to treat. We report a case of a M. marinum skin infection and hand tenosynovitis that showed a good response to monotherapy with doxycycline in spite of severe hand movement impairment.
Sujet(s)
Antibactériens/usage thérapeutique , Doxycycline/usage thérapeutique , Infections à mycobactéries non tuberculeuses/traitement médicamenteux , Mycobacterium marinum/isolement et purification , Dermatoses bactériennes/traitement médicamenteux , Ténosynovite/étiologie , Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus , Bras , Main , Humains , Mâle , Infections à mycobactéries non tuberculeuses/complications , Infections à mycobactéries non tuberculeuses/diagnostic , Dermatoses bactériennes/diagnosticRÉSUMÉ
European union has published a directive 2002/98/CE in January 2003. The goal of the directive is to standardize the requirements of safety and quality throughout the blood transfusion chain in the countries of the European union. Member states have to implement the principles of this directive in their own regulation. Portugal has already identified what will be the consequences of the new regulation in the health system.
Sujet(s)
Donneurs de sang , Transfusion sanguine/législation et jurisprudence , Sélection de donneurs/législation et jurisprudence , Union européenne , Prévention des infections/législation et jurisprudence , Produits biologiques/normes , Banques de sang/législation et jurisprudence , Banques de sang/organisation et administration , Banques de sang/normes , Transfusion sanguine/normes , Sélection de donneurs/normes , Recommandations comme sujet , Politique de santé , Humains , Portugal , Assurance de la qualité des soins de santé/méthodes , Assurance de la qualité des soins de santé/normesRÉSUMÉ
[reaction: see text] Transannular PtCl(2)-catalyzed cycloisomerizations open a new route to cyclopropanic tricyclic systems. Ketones A or C were efficiently prepared from the same cycloundec-5-en-1-yne precursor B, depending on the substituent at the propargylic position (either benzoate or methoxy).