Endodermal Sinus Tumor of the Neck: A Rare Presentation.

Germ cell tumors usually occur in the gonads. Extragonadal germ cell tumors (EGCTs) are uncommon, and the head and neck region is a rare primary location. In this region, endodermal sinus tumors are relatively uncommon; they are typically recorded alongside teratomas and infrequently by themselves. When an endodermal sinus tumor arises in the neck, it can present with unique clinical and radiographic features and can be challenging to diagnose and manage. We report the peculiar case of a 25-year-old young adult who was suffering from a painful left-sided neck swelling for a year. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of neck mass was performed and the cytomorphological features were suggestive of germ cell tumor. After the diagnosis, the patient received chemotherapy and was posted for wide local excision of the tumor. On microscopic examination, the tumor mass showed histopathological features suggestive of an endodermal sinus tumor.

Thyrolipoma: A Rare Presentation of the Thyroid Gland.

Thyrolipoma is a rare disorder marked by substantial adipose tissue growth inside the thyroid gland. Fatty tissue is frequently seen in salivary glands, thymus, breasts, and pancreas but rarely in the thyroid gland. The fascinating and unusual illness known as thyrolipoma presents challenging diagnostic and therapeutic issues. Due to the rarity of thyrolipoma, doctors must evaluate thyroid nodules with a high index of suspicion, especially those who are radiologically and clinically worrisome. We present a study of a 50-year-old female who came with the complaint of midline neck mass for one year. On clinical examination, a diagnosis of multinodular goiter was made. Computed tomography (CT) scan was suggestive of a heterogenous enhanced thyroid mass lesion. Thus, a total thyroidectomy was performed. On histopathological examination, a final diagnosis of thyrolipoma was made. The abstract aims to provide an overview of the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment options of thyrolipoma, as well as highlight the importance of early recognition and appropriate management of this rare tumor.

Diagnostic Utility of Cytokeratin 17 Expression in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Review.

One of the most common oral malignancies is oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Although the prevalence of oral cancer varies worldwide, it is generally agreed that the oral cavity is a common anatomical site for cancer, depending primarily on the country (and even particular region in some countries) and gender of the patients. Finding diagnostic markers for OSCC is critical for early diagnosis and personalised treatment of patients. Because they are overexpressed in OSCC relative to normal mucosa, cytokeratins (CKs), intermediate filaments of the cytoskeletons, are possibilities for diagnostic markers of OSCC. CK17 should be targeted as a diagnostic marker for OSCC among the CKs, as multiple other CKs have been linked to the disease. This study aims to assess the immuno-histochemistry expression of CK17 and to investigate whether there is a link between CK17 and OSCC differentiation.