RÉSUMÉ
We have previously reported that the expression of miR-34c-5p was up-regulated during acupuncture treatment in the setting of a cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI), indicating that miR-34c-5p plays an important role in healing from a CIRI-induced brain injury. This study sought to evaluate the effects of acupuncture on miR-34c-5p expression and autophagy in the forward and reverse directions using a rat focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion model. After 120â¯minutes of middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion, rats were treated with acupuncture at the "Dazhui" (DU20), "Baihui" (DU26) and "Renzhong" (DU14) points. Neurologic function deficit score, cerebral infarct area ratio, neuronal apoptosis and miR-34c-5p expression were evaluated 72â¯hr after treatment. The autophagy agonist RAPA and the antagonist 3MA were used to evaluate the neuro protective effects of autophagy-mediated acupuncture. We found that acupuncture treatment improved autophagy in the brain tissue of CIRI rats. Acupuncture reversed the negative effects of 3MA on CIRI, and acupuncture combined with RAPA further enhanced autophagy. We also found that acupuncture could increase miR-34c-5p expression in hippocampal neurons after ischemia/reperfusion. Acupuncture and a miR-34c agomir were able to enhance autophagy, improve neurologic deficits, and reduce the cerebral infarct area ratio and apoptosis rate by promoting the expression of miR-34c-5p. Silencing miR-34c resulted in a significantly reduced activating effect of acupuncture on autophagy and increased apoptosis, neurologic deficit symptoms, and cerebral infarct area ratio. This confirms that acupuncture can upregulate miR-34c-5p expression, which is beneficial in the treatment of CIRI.
Sujet(s)
Thérapie par acupuncture , Autophagie , Encéphalopathie ischémique , microARN , Rat Sprague-Dawley , Lésion d'ischémie-reperfusion , Animaux , microARN/métabolisme , microARN/génétique , Lésion d'ischémie-reperfusion/métabolisme , Lésion d'ischémie-reperfusion/thérapie , Autophagie/physiologie , Mâle , Thérapie par acupuncture/méthodes , Rats , Encéphalopathie ischémique/métabolisme , Encéphalopathie ischémique/thérapie , Infarctus du territoire de l'artère cérébrale moyenne/thérapie , Infarctus du territoire de l'artère cérébrale moyenne/métabolisme , Apoptose/physiologie , Neurones/métabolisme , Modèles animaux de maladie humaine , Encéphale/métabolismeRÉSUMÉ
The midbrain dopamine system is a sophisticated hub that integrates diverse inputs to control multiple physiological functions, including locomotion, motivation, cognition, reward, as well as maternal and reproductive behaviors. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that binds to G-protein-coupled receptors. Dopamine also works together with other neurotransmitters and various neuropeptides to maintain the balance of synaptic functions. The dysfunction of the dopamine system leads to several conditions, including Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, major depression, schizophrenia, and drug addiction. The ventral tegmental area (VTA) has been identified as an important relay nucleus that modulates homeostatic plasticity in the midbrain dopamine system. Due to the complexity of synaptic transmissions and input-output connections in the VTA, the structure and function of this crucial brain region are still not fully understood. In this review article, we mainly focus on the cell types, neurotransmitters, neuropeptides, ion channels, receptors, and neural circuits of the VTA dopamine system, with the hope of obtaining new insight into the formation and function of this vital brain region.
Sujet(s)
Trouble dépressif majeur , Neuropeptides , Humains , Dopamine , Aire tegmentale ventrale , Agents neuromédiateursRÉSUMÉ
Oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a common malignant tumour of the gastrointestinal tract. Early detection and access to appropriate treatment are crucial for the long-term survival of patients. However, limited diagnostic and monitoring methods are available for identifying early stage ESCC. Endoscopic screening and surgical resection are commonly used to diagnose and treat early ESCC. However, these methods have disadvantages, such as high recurrence, lethality, and mortality rates. Therefore, methods to improve early diagnosis of ESCC and reduce its mortality rate are urgently required. In 1961, Gary et al. proposed a novel liquid biopsy approach for clinical diagnosis. This involved examining exosomes, circulating tumour cells, circulating free DNA, and circulating free RNA in body fluids. The ability of liquid biopsy to obtain samples repeatedly, wide detection range, and fast detection speed make it a feasible option for non-invasive tumour detection. In clinical practice, liquid biopsy technology has gained popularity for early screening, diagnosis, treatment efficacy monitoring, and prognosis assessment. Thus, this is a highly promising examination method. However, there have been no comprehensive reviews on the four factors of liquid biopsy in the context of ESCC. This review aimed to analyse the progress of liquid biopsy research for ESCC, including its classification, components, and potential future applications.
Sujet(s)
Tumeurs de l'oesophage , Carcinome épidermoïde de l'oesophage , Humains , Biopsie liquide/méthodes , Tumeurs de l'oesophage/anatomopathologie , Tumeurs de l'oesophage/diagnostic , Tumeurs de l'oesophage/thérapie , Carcinome épidermoïde de l'oesophage/diagnostic , Carcinome épidermoïde de l'oesophage/anatomopathologie , Carcinome épidermoïde de l'oesophage/thérapie , Pronostic , Dépistage précoce du cancer/méthodes , Cellules tumorales circulantes/anatomopathologie , Marqueurs biologiques tumoraux/sang , ExosomesRÉSUMÉ
Purpose: Hand infection is a rare complication in patients with diabetes. Its clinical outcomes depend on the severity of hand infection caused by bacteria, but the difference in bacterial species in the regional disparity is unknown. The purpose of this study was to explore the influence of tropical and nontropical regions on bacterial species and clinical outcomes for diabetic hand. Patients and Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Moreover, the bacterial species and clinical outcomes were analyzed with respect to multicenter wound care in China (nontropical regions). Results: Both mixed bacteria (31.2% vs. 16.6%, p=0.014) and fungi (7.5% vs. 0.8%, p=0.017) in the nontropical region were significantly more prevalent than those in the tropical region. Staphylococcus and Streptococcus spp. were dominant in gram-positive bacteria, and Klebsiella, Escherichia coli, Proteus and Pseudomonas in gram-negative bacteria occupied the next majority in the two regions. The rate of surgical treatment in the patients was 31.2% in the nontropical region, which was significantly higher than the 11.4% in the tropical region (p=0.001). Although the overall mortality was not significantly different, there was a tendency to be increased in tropical regions (6.3%) compared with nontropical regions (0.9%). However, amputation (32.9% vs. 31.3%, p=0.762) and disability (6.3% vs. 12.2%, p=0.138) were not significantly differentbetween the two regions. Conclusion: Similar numbers of cases were reported, and the most common bacteria were similar in tropical and nontropical regions in patients with diabetic hand. There were more species of bacteria in the nontropical region, and their distribution was basically similar, except for fungi, which had differences between the two regions. The present study also showed that surgical treatment and mortality were inversely correlated because delays in debridement and surgery can deteriorate deep infections, eventually leading to amputation and even death.
RÉSUMÉ
OBJECTIVES: To explore the mechanisms of acupuncture against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI) through observing the expression of circular RNA HDAC2 (circHDAC2) in the hippocampus of rats. METHODS: SD rats were randomly divided into sham-operation, model and acupuncture groups, with 13 rats in each group. The rat model of CIRI was established by middle cerebral artery occlusion. In the acupuncture group, acupuncture was delivvered at "Dazhui" (GV14), "Shuigou" (GV26) and "Baihui" (GV20), and the needles were retained for 30 min each time and acupuncture was conducted once every 12 h for a total of 7 sessions. Before and after intervention, using modified Garcia scale, the neurological function of the rats were evaluated, and TTC staining was employed to determine the cerebral infarct area. Gene chip technology was used to screen the circRNAs with differential expressions in the ischemic hippocampus, and the circRNAs with co-differential expression (co-DE circRNAs) in the model group/sham-operation group, and the acupuncture group/model group separately. Among those circRNAs, the core circRNAs were screened according to P value, fold change (FC) and gene ontology (GO) analysisï¼and their expressions in the ischemic hippocampus were determined using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). Based on the verification results, a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) prediction network was constructed. The expression levels of microRNA (miRNA) and mRNA with high node centrality in the prediction network were validated by qPCR. RESULTS: Before intervention, compared with the sham-operation group, the modified Garcia score of each modeling group decreased (P<0.01). After intervention, the modified Garcia score was reduced and the cerebral infarct area ratio increased (P<0.01) in the model group when compared with the sham-operation group. In the acupuncture group, the modified Garcia score was higher and the cerebral infarct area ratio lower (P<0.01) than those of the model group. The microarray results of gene chip showed that 16 co-DE circRNAs were down-regulated in the model group and up-regulated in the acupuncture group, and 7 co-DE circRNAs up-regulated in the model group and down-regulated in the acupuncture group. The core circHDAC2 and circNTRK2 were screened according to P value, FC and the enrichment number of GO entries. QPCR results showed that, compared with the sham-operation group, the expression of circHDAC2 and circNTRK2 of the ischemic hippocampal tissue was down-regulated in the model group (P<0.01)ï¼and that of circHDAC2 and circNTRK2 up-regulated in the acupuncture group when compared with the model group (P<0.01). The relevant ceRNA regulatory network was constructed for circHDAC2 and the prediction results showed that the regulatory networks contained 12 miRNAs and 31 mRNAs. Results of verifying miRNA with high network node centrality and mRNA relevant with nerve regulation showed that, when compared with the sham-operation group, the expression levels of miR-29a, miR-29b and the solute carrier family 30 member 3 (SLC30A3) mRNA in the ischemic hippocampus were down-regulated (P<0.01)ï¼and those of miR-3065 and mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (MPST) up-regulated (P<0.01) in the model group. Compared with the model group, the expressions of miR-29a, miR-29b and SLC30A3 mRNA in the ischemic hippocampus were up-regulated (P<0.01, P<0.05), while that of miR-3065 down-regulated (P<0.05) in the acupuncture group. CONCLUSIONS: Acupuncture significantly improves the neurological function and reduces the cerebral infarct area in CIRI rats, which may be related to the regulation of hippocampal circHDAC2/miR-3065/SLC30A3 axis.
Sujet(s)
Thérapie par acupuncture , Encéphalopathie ischémique , microARN , Lésion d'ischémie-reperfusion , Rats , Animaux , ARN circulaire/génétique , Rat Sprague-Dawley , Encéphalopathie ischémique/génétique , Encéphalopathie ischémique/thérapie , Hippocampe/métabolisme , Infarctus du territoire de l'artère cérébrale moyenne/métabolisme , microARN/génétique , Lésion d'ischémie-reperfusion/génétique , Lésion d'ischémie-reperfusion/thérapie , ARN messagerRÉSUMÉ
OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of acupuncture on the expression of type â ¢ phosphatidylinositol 3-hydroxykinase (PI3K) and Beclin-1 in hippocampus of rats with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CI/RI), so as to explore the mechanism of acupuncture in regulating type â ¢ PI3K pathway to activate autophagy in the hippocampal neurons of CI/RI rats. METHODS: SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group (n=11) and operation group. Then after successful modeling, rats in the operation group were randomly divided into model, acupuncture, model+3-MA and acupuncture+3-MA groups, with 11 rats in each group. The model of CI/RI was established by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. Rats in the model+3-MA and acupuncture+3-MA groups were injected with 3-MA (400 nmol/ 5 µL) 5 µL into the lateral ventricle 30 min before reperfusion. Rats in the acupuncture and acupuncture+3-MA groups were punctured with filiform needles at "Dazhui" (GV14), "Shuigou" (GV26) and "Baihui" (GV20) and stimulated manually once every 15 min. The acupuncture intervention was conducted for 30 min each time, once every 12 h for a total of 7 times. The degree of neurological impairment was evaluated 2 h after reperfusion and after intervention by Garcia score. After intervention, the percentage of cerebral ischemic area was observed by TTC staining, the protein expression levels of type â ¢ PI3K, Beclin-1, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3B (LC3B), lysosome associated membrane protein 2 (Lamp2) and P62 in ischemic hippocampal tissue were detected by Western blot, the ultrastructure of neurons in ischemic hippocampus was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). RESULTS: Compared with the sham operation group, the Garcia score was decreased (P<0.01), the percentage of cerebral ischemic area was increased (P<0.01), the expression levels of type â ¢ PI3K, Beclin-1, LC3B-â ¡/â , Lamp2 proteins were decreased (P<0.01), and the expression level of P62 protein was increased (P<0.01) in ischemic hippocampal tissue in the model group. Compared with the model group, the Garcia score was increased (P<0.01), the percentage of cerebral ischemic area was decreased (P<0.01), the expression levels of type â ¢ PI3K, Beclin-1, LC3B-â ¡/â , Lamp2 proteins were increased (P<0.01, P<0.05) and the expression level of P62 was decreased (P<0.01) in ischemic hippocampal tissue in the acupuncture groupï¼ the percentage of cerebral ischemic area was increased (P<0.05), the expressions of type â ¢ PI3K and Beclin-1 were decreased (P<0.01) and the expression level of P62 protein was increased (P<0.05) in ischemic hippocampal tissue in the mo-del+3-MA group. Compared with the model +3-MA group, the Garcia score was increased (P<0.05), the percentage of cerebral ischemic area was decreased (P<0.01), the expression levels of type â ¢ PI3K, Beclin-1, LC3B-â ¡/â in ischemic hippo-campal tissue were increased (P<0.01, P<0.05) in the acupuncture+3-MA group. Compared with the acupuncture group, the Garcia score was decreased, the percentage of cerebral ischemic area was increased (P<0.05, P<0.01), the expression levels of type â ¢ PI3K, Beclin-1, Lamp2 proteins were decreased (P<0.01, P<0.05) and P62 protein was increased (P<0.05) in ischemic hippocampal tissue in the acupuncture+3-MA group. The results of TEM showed that the edema of neurons was heavier, and few hypolysosomes existed in the model group; there was no obvious damage to neuronal structure, intracellular matrix was abundant, and a few lysosomes existed in the acupuncture group; the neuronal cells had mild edema and primary lysosomes were present in the acupuncture +3-MA group. CONCLUSION: Acupuncture can improve the symptoms of neurological impairment and reduce the percentage of cerebral ischemic area in rats with CI/RI. The mechanism may be related to regulating type â ¢ PI3K/Beclin-1 pathway, up-regulating the expressions of autophagy related factors LC3B-â ¡ and Lamp2, and down-regulating the expression of P62.
Sujet(s)
Thérapie par acupuncture , Encéphalopathie ischémique , Lésion d'ischémie-reperfusion , Rats , Animaux , Rat Sprague-Dawley , Bécline-1/génétique , Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases/génétique , Encéphalopathie ischémique/génétique , Encéphalopathie ischémique/thérapie , Infarctus cérébral , Hippocampe , Lésion d'ischémie-reperfusion/génétique , Lésion d'ischémie-reperfusion/thérapie , Neurones , Autophagie/génétique , ReperfusionRÉSUMÉ
Mechanical allodynia (MA) represents one prevalent symptom of chronic pain. Previously we and others have identified spinal and brain circuits that transmit or modulate the initial establishment of MA. However, brain-derived descending pathways that control the laterality and duration of MA are still poorly understood. Here we report that the contralateral brain-to-spinal circuits, from Oprm1 neurons in the lateral parabrachial nucleus (lPBNOprm1), via Pdyn neurons in the dorsal medial regions of hypothalamus (dmHPdyn), to the spinal dorsal horn (SDH), act to prevent nerve injury from inducing contralateral MA and reduce the duration of bilateral MA induced by capsaicin. Ablating/silencing dmH-projecting lPBNOprm1 neurons or SDH-projecting dmHPdyn neurons, deleting Dyn peptide from dmH, or blocking spinal κ-opioid receptors all led to long-lasting bilateral MA. Conversely, activation of dmHPdyn neurons or their axonal terminals in SDH can suppress sustained bilateral MA induced by lPBN lesion.
Sujet(s)
Hyperalgésie , Moelle spinale , Souris , Animaux , Hyperalgésie/métabolisme , Moelle spinale/métabolisme , Système nerveux central/métabolisme , Corne dorsale de la moelle spinale/métabolisme , Neurones/métabolisme , Hypothalamus/métabolismeRÉSUMÉ
In order to explore the relationship between sclerotial formation and antioxidant enzymes under abiotic stresses, the effects of abiotic stresses including temperature, pH value, osmotic pressure, limited nitrogen, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on the activities of antioxidant enzymes, ascorbate peroxidase (APX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) in Pleurotus tuber-regium were studied. Meanwhile, the sclerotial formation under these abiotic stress conditions was also investigated. It was found that low temperature, weak alkaline, appropriate osmotic stress, and H2O2 can promote sclerotial formation, and sclerotial formation always tended to occur when the activities of antioxidant enzymes were at a high value. During the prolonged low temperature stress, SOD acted mainly in the early stage of stress, while POD and CAT had higher activity in the middle and late stage. Moreover, the reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) results showed that SOD.193 and POD.535 were significantly down-regulated in sclerotia, and CAT.1115 and POD.401 were up-regulated instead. These antioxidant enzyme genes played an important role in the sclerotial formation under low temperature stress. It is strongly suggested that antioxidant enzymes and abiotic stresses are closely related to sclerotial formation in P. tuber-regium. KEY POINTS: ⢠Low temperature and H2O2 can promote sclerotial formation. ⢠Sclerotia are more likely to form under high antioxidant enzyme activity. ⢠POD.401, POD.535, SOD.193, and CAT.1115 are important for sclerotial formation.
Sujet(s)
Antioxydants , Pleurotus , Antioxydants/métabolisme , Peroxyde d'hydrogène/pharmacologie , Catalase/métabolisme , Pleurotus/génétique , Pleurotus/métabolisme , Peroxidases/métabolisme , Superoxide dismutase/génétique , Superoxide dismutase/métabolisme , Stress oxydatif , Myeloperoxidase/métabolismeRÉSUMÉ
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect and potential mechanism of dihydromyricetin (Dmy) on H9C2 cell proliferation, apoptosis, and autophagy. METHODS: H9C2 cells were randomly divided into 7 groups, namely control, model, EV (empty pCDH-CMV-MCS-EF1-CopGFP-T2A-Puro vector), IV (circHIPK3 interference), Dmy (50 µ mol/L), Dmy+IV, and Dmy+EV groups. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were detected by cell counting kit-8 assay and flow cytometry, respectivley. Western blot was used to evaluate the levels of light chain 3 II/I (LC3II/I), phospho-phosphoinositide 3-kinase (p-PI3K), protein kinase B (p-AKT), and phospho-mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR). The level of circHIPK3 was determined using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Electron microscopy was used to observe autophagosomes in H9C2 cells. RESULTS: Compared to H9C2 cells, the expression of circHIPK in H9C2 hypoxia model cells increased significantly (P<0.05). Compared to the control group, the cell apoptosis and autophagosomes increased, cell proliferation rate decreased significantly, and the expression of LC3 II/I significantly increased (all P<0.05). Compared to the model group, the rate of apoptosis and autophagosomes in IV, Dmy, and Dmy+IV group decreased, the cell proliferation rate increased, and the expression of LC3 II/I decreased significantly (all P<0.05). Compared to the control group, the expressions of p-PI3K, p-AKT, and p-mTOR in the model group significantly reduced (P<0.05), whereas after treatment with Dmy and sh-circHIPK3, the above situation was reversed (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Dmy plays a protective role in H9C2 cells by inhibiting circHIPK expression and cell apoptosis and autophagy, and the mechanism may be related to PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.
Sujet(s)
Protéines proto-oncogènes c-akt , Transduction du signal , Protéines proto-oncogènes c-akt/métabolisme , Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases/métabolisme , Sérine-thréonine kinases TOR/métabolisme , Apoptose , AutophagieRÉSUMÉ
Chronic inflammation induced by Helicobacter pylori is considered to be one of the main causes of gastric cancer,and CagA is a main virulence factor of H.pylori.The study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of CagA in host inflammatory response.Mass spectrometry was used to identify the interacting proteins of CagA in AGS cells.By immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence,the interaction was validated.Pathway expression was detected by immunoblotting after knockdown by using siRNA,and mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines were detected by quantitative PCR.CagA-induced inflammatory responses were detected in clinical samples using hemoglobin-eosin staining(H&E).Data showed that CagA interacted with SHARPIN.And CagA activated the NF-κB signaling pathway and upregulated the mRNA and protein levels of the inflammatory cytokines IL-6,IL-8,and TNF-α,as compared with the CagA knockout strain(all P<0.05).Knockdown of SHARPIN by siRNA reduced inflammation levels and partially inhibit NF-κB signaling.In clinical samples,CagA-positive samples exhibited stronger inflammatory responses.To sum up,CagA promoted the host inflammatory response,and CagA-induced inflammatory response was reduced when SHARPIN was partially inhibited,suggesting that CagA activates the NF-κB signaling pathway through binding to SHARPIN.
RÉSUMÉ
Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is an autoimmune cholestatic liver disease. The clinical effectiveness of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) plus glucocorticoids and/or immunosuppressants remains controversial in PBC patients. The study aimed to compare the efficacy of monotherapy and combination therapy in patients with PBC and to assess the factors affecting the efficacy. In this retrospective study, 266 patients diagnosed with PBC were divided into monotherapy group (UDCA), double therapy group (UDCA plus glucocorticoids or immunosuppressants), and triple therapy group (UDCA plus glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants) according to different treatments. Demographic characteristics, immune parameters, biochemistry profiles, and other indicators were evaluated at baseline, 6 months, and 1 year following treatment. The prognosis was evaluated using the Paris II standard. The liver transplant-free survival at 3, 5, 10, and 15 years was predicted by GLOBE score. All statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS (version 24) software (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL). The long-term survival rate of the triple therapy group was significantly improved compared with the monotherapy group (P = .005). In addition, multivariate analysis showed that abnormal platelet count, alkaline phosphatase, and albumin levels were risk factors for poor response. When IgG levels were elevated but below twice the upper limit of normal, the clinical benefit was not significant compared with monotherapy (P > .05). Compared with monotherapy and double therapy, triple therapy may improve the long-term survival rate of PBC patients. Abnormal platelet count, alkaline phosphatase, and albumin levels were associated with a poor prognosis.
Sujet(s)
Cirrhose biliaire , Acide ursodésoxycholique , Humains , Acide ursodésoxycholique/usage thérapeutique , Glucocorticoïdes/usage thérapeutique , Cholagogues et cholérétiques/usage thérapeutique , Cirrhose biliaire/traitement médicamenteux , Cirrhose biliaire/complications , Immunosuppresseurs/usage thérapeutique , Phosphatase alcaline/usage thérapeutique , Études rétrospectives , Taux de survie , Albumines/usage thérapeutiqueRÉSUMÉ
OBJECTIVE: To establish a quantitative evaluation of the left ventricle's systolic function in patients with chronic kidney failure (CKF) by three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography. METHODS: Two-dimensional and three-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography was performed on 30 patients with CKF. The ejection fraction, mass and global peak longitudinal strain, global circumferential strain, global area strain, and global radial strain of the left ventricle were calculated. RESULTS: The ejection fraction, mass and global peak longitudinal strain (GLS), global circumferential strain (GCS), global area strain (GAS), and global radial strain (GRS) in the CKF group were significantly lower than those in the control group. Simultaneously, the GLS, GCS, GAS and GRS were well correlated with the ejection fraction. For patients with normal ejection fraction in the CKF group, the GLS, GCS, GAS and GRS were lower than those in the control group, while the left ventricular mass was significantly higher in CKF patients than in the control group. For patients with hypertension in the CKF group, ejection fraction, GLS, GCS, GAS and GRS calculated using three-dimensional echocardiography were significantly lower than those in patients with normal blood pressure; however, the myocardial mass was higher. CONCLUSIONS: The parameters (GLS, GCS, GAS and GRS) calculated using three-dimensional speckle-tracking software were lower in the CKF group. Simultaneously, the left ventricular mass was higher in CFK patients than in the control group, thus showing that the myocardial contraction function was impaired and that myocardial remodeling had occurred.
Sujet(s)
Échocardiographie tridimensionnelle , Défaillance rénale chronique , Échocardiographie/méthodes , Échocardiographie tridimensionnelle/méthodes , Humains , Contraction myocardique/physiologie , Fonction ventriculaire gauche/physiologieRÉSUMÉ
OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of acupuncture on the expression of miR-34c-5p, autophagy-related proteins and apoptosis rate in hippocampus of rats with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CI/RI), so as to explore its mechanism in regulating autophagy in hippocampal neurons in CI/RI rats. METHODS: SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation, model, medication and acupuncture groups, with 20 rats in each group. The rat model of CI/RI was established by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. In the acupuncture group, "Dazhui" (GV14), "Baihui" (GV20) and "Shuigou" (GV26) were punctured with filiform needles and stimulated manually once every 15 min, for 30 min. The rats of the medication group were intraperito-neally injected with edaravone (5 mg/kg). The treatment was conducted once every 12 h for a total of 7 times. The neurological de-ficit score of all the rats were evaluated according to Garcia's methods, and TTC staining was employed to assess the cerebral ischemic area (percentage of cerebral infarct area, CIA). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to observe the ultrastructural changes of hippocampal neurons. The expression of hippocampal miR-34c-5p was measured by real-time PCR, and the protein expressions of hippocampal LC3B, Beclin1 and p62 were measured by Western blot. The apoptosis rate of ischemic brain tissue was observed by TUNEL staining. RESULTS: Compared with the sham operation group, the neurological deficit score, the expressions of miR-34c-5p, Beclin1, p62 and LC3B-â ¡/LC3B-â were significantly decreased (P<0.01, P<0.05), and the CIA and the apoptosis rate significantly increased (P<0.01) in the model group. Compared with the model group, the neurological deficit scores, the expressions of miR-34c-5p, Beclin1, p62 and LC3B-â ¡/LC3B-â were significantly increased (P<0.01, P<0.05), and the CIA and the apoptosis rate significantly decreased (P<0.01) in the medication and acupuncture groups. Compared with the medication group, the expression of miR-34c-5p was significantly increased (P<0.01). The results of electron microscope showed that the neurons in the acupuncture and medication groups were less damaged than those in the model group, the cells showed mild edema, and the structures were relatively complete. Some normal organelles could be seen, and autophagy bodies, autophagy lysosomes and their encapsulated organelles could still be observed. CONCLUSION: Acupuncture can improve the neurological deficit and reduce the area of cerebral infarction in CI/RI rats, which is closely with its effect in promoting hippocampal neuronal autophagy and anti-apoptosis via up-regulating the expression of miR-34c-5p.
Sujet(s)
Thérapie par acupuncture , Encéphalopathie ischémique , microARN , Lésion d'ischémie-reperfusion , Animaux , Autophagie/génétique , Bécline-1/métabolisme , Encéphalopathie ischémique/génétique , Encéphalopathie ischémique/métabolisme , Encéphalopathie ischémique/thérapie , Infarctus cérébral , Hippocampe/métabolisme , microARN/génétique , Neurones/métabolisme , Rats , Rat Sprague-Dawley , Lésion d'ischémie-reperfusion/génétique , Lésion d'ischémie-reperfusion/thérapieRÉSUMÉ
BACKGROUND: State-of-the-art renewal has indicated the improvement of diagnostics of patients with metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and/or type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by dissecting the clinical characteristics as well as genomic analysis. However, the deficiency of the characterization of microbial and metabolite signatures largely impedes the symptomatic treatment. METHODS: For the purpose, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 20 patients with MAFLD (short for "M"), 20 cases with MAFLD and T2DM (short for "MD"), together with 19 healthy donors (short for "Ctr"). Microbial and metabolite analyses were further conducted to explore the similarities and differences among the aforementioned populations based on feces and blood samples, respectively. RESULTS: Compared with those in the Ctr group, patients with M or MD revealed multifaceted similarities (e.g., Age, ALP, LDL, BUN) and distinctions in clinical indicators of liver (e.g., BMI, ALT, PCHE, CAP). With the aid of microbial and metabolite analyses as well as bioinformatic analyses, we found that the characteristics of gut microbiota (e.g., abundance, hierarchical clustering, cladogram, species) and lipid metabolism (e.g., metabolite, correlation coefficient and scatter plot) were distinct among the indicated groups. CONCLUSIONS: The patients with MD revealed multifaceted similarities and distinctions in characteristics of microbiome and metabolites with those in the M and HD groups, and in particular, the significantly expressed microbes (e.g., Elusimicrobiota, Berkelbacteria, Cyanobacteria, Peregrinibacteria) and lipid metabolites (e.g., Lipid-Q-P-0765, Lipid-Q-P-0216, Lipid-Q-P-0034, Lipid-Q-P-0800), which would collectively benefit the clinical diagnosis of MAFLD and T2DM.
Sujet(s)
Diabète de type 2 , Microbiome gastro-intestinal , Stéatose hépatique non alcoolique , Bactéries/génétique , Diabète de type 2/complications , Microbiome gastro-intestinal/génétique , Humains , Lipides , Stéatose hépatique non alcoolique/complications , Stéatose hépatique non alcoolique/métabolisme , Études rétrospectivesRÉSUMÉ
INTRODUCTION: The MHC-peptide interaction has a subtle influence on host resistance to virus. This paper aims to study the relationship between MHC-peptide interaction and MHC-related virus-resistance. METHODS: By 3D homology modeling, the structure of chicken BF2 molecule BF2*0201 (PDB code: 4d0d) was studied and compared with the known structures of BF2 molecule BF2*0401 (PDB code: 4e0r) to elucidate the characteristics of BF2*0201-binding antigenic peptides. RESULTS: The results show that due to the amino acid difference between the two binding groove of 4e0r and 4d0d, the size of the binding groove of the two are 1130 ų and1380 ų respectively, indicating the amino acid species that 4e0r binding peptide has lower selectivity than 4d0d; and because of large side chain conformation of Arg (especially Arg111) of 4e0r replaced by small side chain Tyr111 of 4d0d, the volume of central part of the binding groove of 4d0d is obviously larger than that of 4e0r, indicating that the restrictive of binding antigenic peptides for 4d0d is narrower than that of 4e0r; and on account of the chargeability of the binding groove of the two are different, namely the binding groove chargeability of 4e0r (strong positive polarity) and 4d0d (weak negative polarity). CONCLUSION: There are generally more peptides presented by the BF2 of B2 haplotype than by that of B4 haplotype, leading to more resistance of B2 than that of B4 to virus.
Sujet(s)
Poulets , Peptides , Animaux , HaplotypesRÉSUMÉ
Background: The benefits and risks of eradicating Helicobacter pylori (Hp) should be balanced in aged people. Aims: To investigate the efficacy, safety and antibiotic resistance status of Hp eradication treatment in the elderly. Methods: Four cohorts of subjects who received Hp eradication treatment in randomized controlled trials conducted in Chongqing Daping Hospital were reviewed; the demographic and clinical data were extracted and recorded. Propensity score matching was performed to select comparable elderly group (≥60 years old) and non-elderly group (0.05). Furthermore, there were no significant differences in the Hp eradication rates in terms of gender, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes, surgical history, and inflammation), compliance, etc. in the elderly group (all P> 0.05). But in retreated elderly subjects, the resistance rate of clarithromycin was higher than that in naïve elderly subjects (P<0.05). Smoking and poor compliance were identified as independent risk factors for Hp eradication by multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Conclusions: Hp eradication in the elderly demonstrates comparable efficacy and safety with non-elderly subjects. Clarithromycin-containing regimens are not recommended for empirical retreatment in aged people.
RÉSUMÉ
Background: The increasing in antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) has become the main cause leading to the decreasing of the eradication rate for Hp treatment. Aims: To investigate the risk factors of drug resistance of Hp. Methods: Data on 396 patients with Hp infection from Dec. 2016 to Mar. 2021 at Army Medical University were retrospectively analyzed. Drug susceptibility test was used to evaluate the resistance of 6 antibacterial drugs (metronidazole, clarithromycin, levofloxacin, amoxicillin, tetracycline and furazolidone). Unconditional Logistic regression was used to investigate the risk factors affecting Hp antibiotic resistance. Results: In 396 patients with Hp infection, the resistance rates of metronidazole, clarithromycin, levofloxacin, amoxicillin, tetracycline and furazolidone were 96.5%, 45.5%, 41.9%, 0.3%, 0.3% and 0, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that previous regimen containing clarithromycin was a risk factor for clarithromycin resistance (P 40 years old was a risk factor for levofloxacin resistance (P< 0.001). Conclusions: The resistance rates of metronidazole, clarithromycin and levofloxacin are relatively high, and regimens containing these antibiotics should be avoided without the support from drug susceptibility results, especially in patients who have accepted clarithromycin‑containing regimen or more than 40 years old. Amoxicillin, tetracycline and furazolidone should be recommended preferentially for Hp treatment empirically.
RÉSUMÉ
INTRODUCTION: Three-dimensional (3D) structures of MHC class I exert some influence by the MHC-peptide interaction over host resistance to the virus. The thesis aims at studying the connection between MHC-peptide interaction of B2/B21 haplotype and MHC-related resistance to the virus. METHODS: The structure of chicken MHC class I BF2*0201 from B2 haplotype was studied and contrasted with that of BF2*2101 from B21 haplotype by using DNAMAN and PyMol software. RESULTS: The amino acid difference resulted in the difference in size and changeability of the binding groove of the two, resulting in different choices on the binding polypeptide. 3bew's (the crystal structure of BF2*2101 bound to peptide RV10) small side chain His111 replaces the short side chain Tyr111 of 4cvx (the crystal structure of BF2*0201 bound to peptide YL9), and the very small amino acid of Ser69 and Ser97 make the middle of the 3bew's binding groove become apparently broad and bound restrictive of amino acid smaller. Moreover, due to the specific amino acids-Arg9, Asp24, and Asp73 of 4cvx and Arg9, Asp24, and His111 of 3bew, the effect of the polypeptide and the binding groove differ between the two, and 3bew tends to bind polypeptides with negatively charged amino acids, but the large space in the middle can also accommodate other amino acids. Contrasted with the binding groove characteristic of 4cvx, it can be said that the selectivity of 3bew is higher than that of 4cvx in the amino acid type of the binding polypeptide, so the B21 haplotype has more host resistance to the virus than that of the B2 haplotype in chicken. CONCLUSION: There are usually various kinds of peptides presented by the BF2*2101 molecules of B21 haplotypes, resulting in resistance to pathogenic microorganisms, such as Rous sarcoma virus and/or Marek's disease virus. These findings may have an important theoretical foundation for screening of virus antigen, vaccine design, and genetic resistance breeding.
Sujet(s)
Poulets , Gènes MHC de classe I , Animaux , Poulets/génétique , Haplotypes , PeptidesRÉSUMÉ
The Percheron artery (artery of Percheron, AOP) is a rare variant vessel. Its acute occlusion can cause a bilateral symmetrical thalamic stroke; typical symptoms of bilateral paramedian thalamic infarcts due to occlusion of AOP are vertical gaze palsy, memory impairment, confusion, drowsiness, hypersomnolence, or coma. We present the MR imaging findings in two cases with cerebral infarction caused by Percheron artery occlusion. Due to the difficulty in the diagnosis of acute Percheron arterial infarction, early conservative treatment is used. The prognosis of the disease is poor, with few patients completely rehabilitating. Therefore, clinicians must understand the characteristics of the disease, provide early diagnosis and administer timely and effective treatment to reduce the patient's disability rate and fatality rate and therefore improve the quality of life of patients. The patient's prognosis has extraordinary significance.
RÉSUMÉ
BACKGROUND: Spermatocytic tumor is a rare, malignant neoplasm of the testes. Since the prognosis for this tumor type is favorable, accurate diagnosis and differentiation from other malignant testicular neoplasms (classic seminoma and lymphoma) are crucial. To add to the existing literature on the diagnosis of spermatocytic tumor, herein we report the detailed clinical and histopathologic findings for a case that we encountered. CASE SUMMARY: A 60-year-old Chinese man presented with a solid mass in the right scrotum. The mass was surgically removed and spermatocytic tumor was diagnosed. On microscopy, the tumor cells displayed an unusual arrangement in lobules, presenting a pseudo-glandular appearance. To summarize and compare the diagnostic features of this tumor and those of the differential diagnoses, we report our case findings and those mentioned in the literature for various testicular tumors. Although imaging methods can detect masses early in development, their diagnostic capabilities are limited. Biopsy, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry are necessary for confirmatory diagnosis. CONCLUSION: It is important to identify and review the key diagnostic features of spermatocytic tumor.