Visible-Light-Promoted Thiolation of Benzyl Chlorides with Thiosulfonates via a Photoactive Electron Donor-Acceptor Complex.

Visible-light-promoted thiolation of benzyl chlorides with thiosulfonates is disclosed via an electron donor-acceptor complex strategy. In addition to efficiently delivering a series of arylbenzylsulfide compounds, versatile thioglycosides were also successfully constructed by applying the metal- and photocatalyst-free protocol. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggest that a radical-radical coupling process was involved in this transformation.

Visible-light-driven 3D Bi5O7I/BiOCl microsphere with enhanced photocatalytic capability: Performance, degradation pathway, antibacterium and mechanism.

It is well known that both of the separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers and the response capability to visible light remarkably affect the photocatalytic performance. In the present work, a 3D microsphere of Bi5O7I/BiOCl heterojunction catalyst was synthetised. The synergy of Bi5O7I and BiOCl not only significantly enhances the transfer rate and separation efficiency of carriers, but also heightens light absorption capacity. As-prepared Bi5O7I/BiOCl (40 wt% BiOCl) has a higher degradation efficiency on doxycycline hydrochloride (DC) (90 min, 83.0%) and super high inhibition rate (90 min, 99.92%) on Escherichia coli under visible light, compared to the two monomers. Pollutants DC is finally decomposed into CO2, H2O and small molecule intermediates by generated h+, •OH and •O2-. The effects of reactive radicals follow the order of •OH radicals > h+ radicals ≫ •O2- and e- radicals. The possible structures of intermediates and four possible degradation pathways involved were also discussed. In addition, As-synthetised Bi5O7I/BiOCl has preferable reusability and excellent chemical stability. Biological toxicity experiments also verify that Bi5O7I/BiOCl is a green and environmentally friendly composite material. This strategy provides a green, low-toxic way for the application of traditional type II heterojunction in the fields of environmental remediation and photocatalysis.

Synthesis of Magnetic Short-Channel Mesoporous Silica SBA-15 Modified with a Polypyrrole/Polyaniline Copolymer for the Removal of Mercury Ions from Aqueous Solution.

A novel magnetic short-channel mesoporous silica SBA-15 composite adsorbent was prepared by the copolymerization of pyrrole and aniline. The prepared novel nanoadsorbent polypyrrole-polyaniline/CoFe2O4-SBA-15 (PPy-PANI/M-SBA-15) has a significant adsorption effect on heavy metal mercury ions. The batch adsorption experiment was carried out to study the effects of various parameters including solution pH, initial concentration (C 0), adsorbent dose (dosage), temperature (T), and contact time on the adsorption effect. The analysis results of the response surface method (RSM) and central composite design (CCD) show that the importance for adsorption factors is pH > C 0 > T > dosage, and the maximum capacity of PPy-PANI/M-SBA-15 is 346.2 mg/g under the optimal conditions of pH = 6.7, T = 310 K, C 0 = 29.5 mg/L, and a dosage of 0.044 g/L. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm model simulate the adsorption behavior of mercury ions. In addition, thermodynamic parameters indicate self-heating and reversible adsorption processes. A covalent bond is formed between the nitrogen-containing functional group and the mercury ions. Excellent magnetic properties and high reproducibility indicate that PPy-PANI/M-SBA-15 has excellent recyclability and environmentally friendly properties and can become a potential heavy metal ion adsorbent in practical applications.

Preeclampsia and the Risk of Pancreatitis: A Nationwide, Population-Based Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND: Preeclampsia is a multiple organ dysfunction during pregnancy, including hepatic, renal, and neurological dysfunction, and is defined as hypertension and proteinuria occurring after 20 weeks of pregnancy. Clinical features seen in preeclampsia are due to relatively poorly perfused placenta and maternal endothelial dysfunction. Some studies have found that preeclampsia may cause acute pancreatitis due to microvascular abnormalities and visceral ischemia. This retrospective cohort study used the Taiwanese National Health Insurance Research Databases (NHIRD) to study the relationship between preeclampsia and the risk of pancreatitis. METHODS: In total, 606,538 pregnant women were selected from the NHIRD between January 1, 1998 and December 31, 2010. They were divided into a preeclampsia cohort (n = 485,211) and a nonpreeclampsia cohort (n = 121,327). After adjusting for comorbidities that may induce pancreatitis, we analyzed and compared the incidence of pancreatitis in the two cohorts. RESULTS: The overall incidence of pancreatitis in the preeclampsia cohort was significantly higher than that in the control cohort (4.29 vs. 2.33 per 10,000 person-years). The adjusted HR of developing pancreatitis increased 1.68-fold (95% CI: 1.19-2.36) in the preeclampsia cohort. In addition, pregnant women with preeclampsia without comorbidities had a significantly high risk of pancreatitis (aHR = 1.83, 95% CI 1.27-2.63). The combined effect of preeclampsia and alcohol-related diseases resulted in the highest risk of pancreatitis (aHR = 43.4, 95% CI: 6.06-311.3). CONCLUSION: Compared with patients without preeclampsia, the risk of pancreatitis in patients with preeclampsia is significantly increased after adjusting for demographics and comorbidities. The risk of pancreatitis is greatly increased when preeclampsia is accompanied by alcohol-related diseases, hepatitis C, gallstones, diabetes, or age of 26-35 years. Early identification and effective control of preeclampsia and the associated comorbidities can reduce the risk of pancreatitis and the associated morbidity and mortality.

Association between intensive periodontal treatment and spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage-a nationwide, population-based cohort study.

Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammation of periodontium and has a high prevalence. Periodontal disease has been discovered to be a possible risk factor for cerebrovascular diseases. The available evidence are not enough to set up a causal relationship between periodontal disease and cerebrovascular diseases. Patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage have high mortality rates. The present study investigated whether intensive periodontal treatment is a protective factor of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage and can reduce the risk of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage.In total, 64,960 patients with a history of periodontal disease were picked out from the National Health Insurance Research Databases as a case-cohort from January 01, 2000 to December 31, 2010. They were divided on the basis of whether periodontal disease patients received intensive surgical treatment (treatment cohort) or not (control cohort). The periodontal disease patients in treatment and control cohorts were selected by propensity score matching at a ratio of 1:1. Incidences of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage in both cohorts were analyzed and compared.The total hazard of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage was significantly decreased in the treatment cohorts compared with the control cohorts (adjusted hazard ratio = 0.60, 95% confidence interval = 0.45-0.79).Compared with the control cohort, intensive periodontal treatment may reduce the overall incidence of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage, particularly in elderly patients, males, and those who received more than 2 intensive treatments.