[Differential diagnosis and prognosis of phobic disorders]. / Differentsial'naia diagnostika i prognoz fobicheskikh rasstroistv.

The paper presents differential-diagnostic signs of phobic disorders of different etiology. Acute episodes of depersonalization preceding phobias and fears arising during the first age crisis are considered as some diagnostic signs of endogenous phobias. The significant criteria for diagnosis of psychogenic phobias are anxious suspiciousness, affective instability, susceptibility, spontaneity of reactivity and the presence of personally important psychic trauma. An autonomic paroxysm caused by alcoholic situation in exogenic organic pathology (alcoholism) was transformed quite fast into some senestopathias, which themselves maintained the of fear. The relationships of phobias and depressions in endogenous disorders was different: in slow-progredient variations of the disease depression resulted in a decrease of the manifestations of the phobias, and vice versa; in shift-like variations depression is an independent syndrome in the depressive-phobic complex. Depressions and phobias are closely connected in psychogenic phobias, they complicated and developed in parallel. In exogenic-organic phobias both affective disorders and phobias had a paroxysmal character and transformed into dysphorias.

[Characteristics of the clinical picture and course of chronic alcoholic intoxication in patients with various types of neuroendocrine changes]. / Osobennosti kliniki i techeniia khronicheskoi alkogol'noi intoksikatsii u bol'nykh s raznymi tipami neiroéndokrinnykh izmenenii.

Clinical and hormonal indices of androgenic activity were compared in 118 males chronically intoxicated with alcohol. The population was divided into two groups with respect to their clinical and hormonal androgenic indices: 76 patients with (Group 1), and 46 patients without (Group 2) androgenic insufficiency. Distinct signs and syndromes of alcohol addiction were shown to correlate with the extent of cross-regulation impairment within hypothalamo-hypophyseo-gonadal system. This was particularly derived from comparison of clinical picture of chronic alcohol intoxication and hormone activity in the groups. Conventional therapy failed to restore the neuroendocrine indices that was apparently due to inhibition of cross-regulation links in the hypothalamo-hypophyseo-gonadal system at several stages of alcohol addiction.

[Functional state of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal-gonadal system in patients with chronic alcoholic intoxication]. / Funktsional'noe sostoianie gipotalamo-gipofizarno-gonadnykh sistem u bol'nykh s khronicheskoi alkogol'noi intoksikatsiei.

The function of the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal system has been studied in 118 males with different stages of alcoholism. Comparison with the control group has shown decreased levels of interstitial cell stimulating hormone (ICSH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and testosterone, and elevated concentrations of prolactin (Prl). Differences in the parameters of hormonal activity expressed in a varying degree of a decrease in FSH, ICSH, and testosterone, and a Prl elevation are related to change in mutual regulatory influences between the gonads and hypothalamo-pituitary complex. The most informative parameters were concentrations of Prl and testosterone (considering elevation in the former and reduction in the latter hormone) and the ratio of their concentrations. Difference of these parameters in each group (corresponding to the stages of alcoholism) may be used as an additional diagnostic criterion of chronic alcohol intoxication.