RÉSUMÉ
AIM: To study the changes of hippocampal quinolinic acid (QA) concentrations during acute and chronic seizures induced by ip injection of kainic acid (KA, 12 mg kg-1) in rats. METHODS: The extraction and measurement of QA in the hippocampus were performed using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method. RESULTS: When acute seizures were fully established 3 h after KA injection, no significant changes of hippocampal QA were found. During chronic seizures observed on d 30 after KA injection, there was even a 55 +/- 8% significant decrease. When neither acute nor chronic seizures were detectable but astroglial proliferation in the hippocampus and secondary neuronal degeneration in extrahippocampal regions became gradually prominent 2 d and 7 d after KA injection, there were 56 +/- 13% and 156 +/- 13% dramatic increases of hippocampal QA concentrations, respectively. CONCLUSION: The increase of hippocampal QA hardly plays any key role in the initiation of KA-induced seizures but may contribute to astroglial proliferation and neuronal degeneration by activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors.
Sujet(s)
Épilepsie temporale/métabolisme , Hippocampe/métabolisme , Acides quinoliniques/métabolisme , Animaux , Épilepsie temporale/induit chimiquement , Acide kaïnique , Mâle , Rats , Rat Wistar , Facteurs tempsRÉSUMÉ
The levels of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in three regions of rat brain were assayed in 62 rats. Bilateral common carotid artery ligation was done in 50 rats. Half an hour before ligation 26 rats were given 10 g/kg of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae (RSM); 24 rats were given same volume of normal saline as controls. A sham operation was done in 12 rats. Half an hour (n = 30) and 3 hours (n = 32) after operation, the rats were quickly decapitated. VIP levels were assayed in cerebral cortex, hippocampus and caudate nucleus. In salin-treated animals, VIP levels of cerebral cortex and caudate nucleus at 3 hour group were significantly decreased compared with the sham-operated group. No significant difference was found between RSM-treated and sham-operated groups. The preliminary results suggest that VIP may be involved in the pathophysiological procedures of cerebral ischemia and RSM may attenuate the dysfunction of VIP during cerebral ischemia.
Sujet(s)
Encéphale/métabolisme , Médicaments issus de plantes chinoises , Accident ischémique transitoire/traitement médicamenteux , Phénanthrolines/usage thérapeutique , Extraits de plantes , Peptide vasoactif intestinal/métabolisme , Animaux , Association médicamenteuse/pharmacologie , Association médicamenteuse/usage thérapeutique , Accident ischémique transitoire/métabolisme , Mâle , Phénanthrolines/pharmacologie , Rats , Lignées consanguines de rats , Salvia miltiorrhizaSujet(s)
Encéphalopathie ischémique/traitement médicamenteux , Encéphale/métabolisme , Médicaments issus de plantes chinoises/pharmacologie , Thromboxane B2/métabolisme , Animaux , Encéphalopathie ischémique/métabolisme , Femelle , Mâle , Agrégation plaquettaire/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Rats , Lignées consanguines de ratsSujet(s)
Infarctus cérébral/prévention et contrôle , Médecine traditionnelle chinoise , Médecine traditionnelle d'Asie orientale , Plantes médicinales , Animaux , Artères carotides/chirurgie , Infarctus cérébral/étiologie , Ligature , Mâle , Extraits de plantes/usage thérapeutique , Rats , Lignées consanguines de ratsSujet(s)
Acétylcholine/analyse , Chimie du cerveau/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Médecine traditionnelle chinoise , Médecine traditionnelle d'Asie orientale , Plantes médicinales , Animaux , Anticonvulsivants/pharmacologie , Femelle , Mâle , Souris , Extraits de plantes/pharmacologieSujet(s)
Amines biogènes/métabolisme , Encéphale/métabolisme , Médecine traditionnelle chinoise , Médecine traditionnelle d'Asie orientale , Plantes médicinales , Animaux , Anticonvulsivants/pharmacologie , Amines biogènes/analyse , Encéphale/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Chimie du cerveau , Femelle , Acide 5-hydroxy-indole-3-acétique/analyse , Mâle , Souris , Extraits de plantes/pharmacologie , Sérotonine/analyseSujet(s)
Cuivre/sang , Épilepsie/sang , Zinc/sang , Adolescent , Adulte , Enfant , Enfant d'âge préscolaire , Femelle , Humains , Mâle , Adulte d'âge moyenSujet(s)
Anticonvulsivants/pharmacologie , Cuivre/sang , Médicaments issus de plantes chinoises , Épilepsie/sang , Médecine traditionnelle chinoise , Médecine traditionnelle d'Asie orientale , Extraits de plantes/pharmacologie , Plantes médicinales , Zinc/sang , Animaux , Épilepsie/traitement médicamenteux , Souris , Phénobarbital/usage thérapeutique , Phénytoïne/usage thérapeutique , Extraits de plantes/usage thérapeutiqueRÉSUMÉ
The effect of safflower on cerebral infarction was studied in 152 Mongolian gerbils. Sixty-three animals were evaluated neurological deficit over 8 hours postoperation, then sacrificed and NE, DA and 5-HT contents of each cerebral hemisphere and brain stem were determined. NE, DA and 5-HT of hemisphere ipsilateral to the ligated artery in untreated animals declined significantly compared with sham-operated animals and safflower-treated gerbils. There was no significant difference between safflower-treated and sham-operated animals in NE, DA and 5-HT contents. The mean stroke index at 8 hours in safflower treated animals was 2.1 +/- 0.7, whereas untreated gerbils was 7.8 +/- 1.9 (P less than 0.01). Eighty-nine animals were followed up for 5 days, the safflower-treated animals showed a benign clinical course and mortality rate was reduced by 29.7% (6/34 vs. 26/55) in safflower-treated animals compared with untreated animals (P less than 0.01). Safflower has a protective and beneficial effect on cerebral ischemia induced in Mongolian gerbils.