COVID-19 hospitalized patients and oral changes: a case-control study.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the association between hospitalization for COVID-19 and oral changes, and to evaluate whether oral changes can indicate a higher risk of disease progression to death. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This case-control study analyzed patients hospitalized (university hospital), including those in intensive care unit and clinical wards. The study group comprised 69 COVID-19 positive patients (PCR-test), while the control group included 43 COVID-19 negative patients. A dentist performed oral evaluations, and salivary samples were collected for calcium, phosphatase, and pH analysis. Sociodemographic data, hospitalization information, and hematological test results were collected from electronic-medical records. The presence of oral changes was assessed using chi-square tests, and the predicted risk of death was analyzed using binary logistic regression. RESULTS: COVID-19 positive patients had a significantly higher prevalence of oral changes compared to COVID-19 negative patients. The presence of any oral changes in COVID-19 positive patients indicated a 13-fold higher risk of mortality. "Bleeding ulcers," "pressure ulcers," and "angular cheilitis" were significantly associated with hospitalization for COVID-19. CONCLUSION: There may be an association between hospitalization for COVID-19 and the development of oral changes, including bleeding ulcers, pressure ulcers. and angular cheilitis. These oral changes may serve as potential indicator for disease progression an increased risk of death. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: COVID-19 hospitalized patients have a higher prevalence of oral changes, which indicate an increased risk of mortality. Oral medicine staff should be included in multidisciplinary teams to detect and treat these oral changes promptly.

Periodontal disease and quality of life in patients with circulatory diseases / Doença periodontal e qualidade de vida em pacientes com doenças circulatórias

Introduction: Circulatory system diseases are one of the leading causes of death. Periodontal health is a component of oral and general health that contributes to quality of life. Objective: To analyze periodontal conditions and quality of life in patients with circulatory diseases. Material and method: Cross-sectional study, with patients with circulatory diseases (n=125). The clinical periodontal examination was performed considering: biofilm, bleeding on probing, suppuration, probing depth, gingival recession, and clinical attachment level. Quality of life was assessed with the Medical Outcomes Study 36 - Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) and Oral Health Impact Profile - short form (OHIP-14). Data were analyzed with parametric and nonparametric tests (α=5%). Result: Elderly and men had a greater severity of periodontal disease. The Elderly had lower values in the domains of "Functional capacity" and "Physical aspects" (SF-36). The domain "Pain" had lower values in subjects with health/gingivitis. OHIP-14 did not show differences in the comparisons. There was no correlation between quality of life and the severity of periodontal disease. Conclusion: Among patients with circulatory diseases, the elderly and men had greater severity of periodontal disease. The elderly had a poorer quality of life (functional capacity and physical aspects). There was no correlation between the severity of periodontal disease and quality of life.

Introdução: As doenças do aparelho circulatório representam uma das principais causas de mortes. A saúde periodontal é um componente da saúde bucal e saúde geral que contribui para a qualidade de vida. Objetivo: Analisar as condições periodontais e a qualidade de vida em pacientes com doenças circulatórias. Material e método: Estudo transversal, com pacientes com doenças circulatórias (n=125). O exame clínico periodontal foi realizado considerando: biofilme, sangramento à sondagem, supuração, profundidade de sondagem, recessão gengival e nível de inserção clínica. A qualidade de vida foi avaliada com o Medical Outcomes Study 36 - Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) e Oral Health Impact Profile - short form (OHIP-14). Os dados foram analisados com testes paramétricos e não paramétricos (α=5%). Resultado Idosos e os homens tiveram maior severidade da doença periodontal. Idosos apresentaram menores valores nos domínios "Capacidade funcional" e "Aspectos físicos" (SF-36). O domínio "Dor" teve menor valor nos indivíduos com saúde/gengivite. OHIP-14 não apresentou diferenças nas comparações. Não houve correlação entre qualidade de vida a severidade da doença periodontal. Conclusão Entre os pacientes com doenças circulatórias, os idosos e os homens tiveram maior severidade da doença periodontal. Idosos tiveram pior qualidade de vida (capacidade funcional e aspectos físicos). Não houve correlação entre a severidade da doença periodontal e a qualidade de vida.

Antidepressant and Anxiolytic Effects of Fermented Huauzontle, a Prehispanic Mexican Pseudocereal.

This study aimed to assess the potential antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effects of huauzontle fermented by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Lp22. The possible association between oxidative stress/inflammation biomarkers and unconditional behavioural tests was also evaluated. Red light-induced stress mice C57Bl/6 (n = 5 per group) received orally either fermented or unfermented huauzontle, diazepam or fluoxetine. A non-stressed group which received saline solution was also included. Then, anxiety-related and depression-related behaviour tests were performed; after that, blood and tissues samples were collected to determine oxidative stress/inflammation biomarkers. The mice receiving both fermented and unfermented huauzontle spent more time (94 s) in open arms in the elevated plus maze test p < 0.05; besides, travelled longer distance (p < 0.05) and increased by more than 50% the exploration time for the open field, as well as the time spent in the illuminated zone (197 s) in the light/dark test. Furthermore, reduced immobility time in the tail suspension and forced swim tests (23.1 and 15.85, respectively), and anhedonia was no detected in the sucrose preference test. The oxidative stress index was lower in the liver of fermented huauzontle-treated mice, while enhanced levels of IL-10, MCP-1 and BDNF in plasma, and lipoxygenase (LOX) activity in the hippocampus were found. Finally, PCA revealed a positive correlation among LOX and BDNF and parameters determined in the anxiety tests, as between catalase activity and immobility time in the depression test. These findings indicate the novel potential therapeutic applications of fermented huauzontle on depression and anxiety-like behaviours possibly mediated by antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms.

Graft versus host disease-related eosinophilic fasciitis: cohort description and literature review

Abstract Background: Chronic graft versus host disease (cGVHD) simulating eosinophilic fasciitis (EF) is an underdiagnosed and challenging complication due to the lack of knowledge about its pathogenesis, refractoriness to traditional immunosuppressive agents and their negative impact on the physical function and quality of life. The aim of this study is to describe the clinical-biological characteristics and response to treatment of a case series and to provide a comprehensive literature review on cGVHD related EF involvement. Methods: Prospective observational study to describe the clinical and diagnostic evaluation characteristics of patients with EF-like follow-up as part of our multidisciplinary cGVHD consultations. In addition, the literature on joint and/or fascial musculoskeletal manifestations due to cGVHD was comprehensively reviewed. Results: 118 patients were evaluated in multidisciplinary cGVHD consultations, 39 of whom (33%) developed fasciitis. Notably, 11 patients had isolated joint contractures without sclerotic skin. After a median of three lines of treatment, the vast majority of patients achieved some degree of response. 94 potentially eligible articles were identified by the search strategy, with 17 of them, the majority isolated case reports, making the final selection. The validated staging scales used for the assessment were the Joint and Fascial Score and the Photographic Range of Motion. Conclusion: Fascial/articular involvement needs to be recognized and evaluated early. To our knowledge, our cohort is the second largest series to have been reported. Literature addressing fascial/joints complications related to cGVHD is scarce. The search for new biomarkers, the use of advanced imaging techniques and multidisciplinary approach may help improve the prognosis of patients with cGVHD.

Tejuino, a Traditional Fermented Beverage: Composition, Safety Quality, and Microbial Identification.

This study aims to analyze the chemical and microbial composition and characterize volatile compounds from the artisanal and commercial Tejuino beverage. For this, eight samples are analyzed (four artisanal and four commercial). The chemical and microbiological quality is determined by standard methods, and volatile compounds are determined by solid-phase microextraction. Overall, the physicochemical composition and microbiological quality are higher for artisanal Tejuino (p < 0.05). The pH values were 3.20 and 3.62, and 0.76 and 0.46 meq of lactic acid for artisanal and commercial Tejuino, respectively. With volatile compounds analyzed, esters, benzenes, and aldehydes were predominant; meanwhile, ethanol was a volatile compound with the highest concentration for all samples. Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Limosilactobacillus fermentum were identified in artisanal Tejuino; yeasts of the Pichia genera and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, for commercial Tejuino, and Enterococcus genus were identified in both samples. The characterization of both types of Tejuino allows us to update the information available on this important Mexican beverage. In addition, the isolation of lactic acid bacteria, as representative bacteria of both drinks, offers an area of opportunity to know the potential functionality of these bacteria in traditional fermented products.

Manejo de neoplasias oncohematológicas en el contexto de la pandemia de COVID-19: recomendación de expertos / Management of oncohematological neoplasms in the COVID-19 pandemic: experts recommendation

RESUMEN La pandemia por COVID-19 originado por el Coronavirus 2 causante de síndrome respiratorio agudo severo (SARS-CoV-2) es causante de una crisis de salud pública a nivel global. Muchos reportes indican resultados desalentadores en pacientes con cáncer respecto a la población general. Por ello, los expertos en el manejo de neoplasias oncohematológicas del Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, hospitales nacionales y una clínica privada de Lima Metropolitana han desarrollado recomendaciones obtenidas por consenso para continuar con el manejo de pacientes con neoplasias oncohematológicas en forma segura ante la coyuntura de pandemia.

ABSTRACT The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a global public health crisis. Many reports indicate disappointing results in cancer patients compared to the general population. Therefore, experts in the management of oncohematological malignancies from the National Institute of Neoplastic Diseases, national hospitals and a private clinic in Metropolitan Lima have developed recommendations obtained by consensus to continue with the management of patients with oncohematological neoplasms safely in the face of the pandemic.

Evaluation of acrylamide-removing properties of bacterial consortia under simulated gastrointestinal conditions.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have demonstrated the acrylamide-removing properties of probiotic monocultures; however, potential advantages of consortia over monocultures in reducing the dietary exposure to acrylamide have not been proven. Hence this work aims to assess the acrylamide (AA)-binding properties of bacterial consortia, consisting of either probiotic strains and / or representative bacteria of duodenal microbiota, exposed to simulated gastrointestinal conditions (SGC). The AA binding capacity of ten probiotic strains (PS) and six duodenal strains (NDS) was evaluated under different conditions; then, three different consortia (PS, NDS, and PS + NDS) were assessed under SGC. RESULTS: Among individual PS, Bacillus coagulans GBI-30, Lactobacillus fermentum J23, L. pentosus J37 and J24, and L. casei Shirota, exhibited the highest AA-binding capacity (80-87%), while Bifidobacterium catenulatun ATCC27676, Streptococcus salivarius subsp. thermophilus ATCC19258, and S. gallolyticus ATCC9809 were the best (ca. 68%) NDS monocultures. Probiotic strain consortia showed higher (P < 0.05) AA binding capacity (> 90%) than monoculture bacteria. Conversely, individual NDS cultures displayed higher (P < 0.05) binding capacity than NDS consortia (60%). A significant reduction (P < 0.05) in AA removal capacity was observed when consortia were exposed to SGC, PS consortia being the most effective (> 60% removal). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that consortia of specific PS could play an important role in reducing the intestinal availability of acrylamide. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.

Protective Effect of Lacticaseibacillus casei CRL 431 Postbiotics on Mitochondrial Function and Oxidative Status in Rats with Aflatoxin B1-Induced Oxidative Stress.

Studies have shown that the intracellular content of probiotic (postbiotics) has antioxidant properties, which can improve the antioxidant status in vivo. However, its absorption and mechanisms underlying the protective effects are still unknown. The antioxidant capacity of Lacticaseibacillus casei CRL431 (IC-431) postbiotics was determined after an in vitro simulated digestive process. Permeability of antioxidant constituents of IC-431 was determined by an ex vivo everted duodenum assay. Aflatoxin B1-induced oxidative stress rat models were established and treated with IC-431; biomarkers of hepatic mitochondrial function and H2O2 levels, oxidative stress, and oxidative stress index (OSi) were examined. The antioxidant capacity of IC-431 (477 ± 45.25 µmol Trolox Equivalent/L) was reduced by exposure to the simulated digestive process. No difference (p > 0.05) was found among digested and the permeate fraction of IC-431. A protective effect was observed by significantly lower OSi and higher liver glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities. Lower H2O2 production, a higher degree of mitochondrial uncoupling, and lower mitochondrial respiration coefficient were also observed (p < 0.05). These results suggest that IC-431 antioxidant components permeate intestinal barriers to enter the bloodstream and regulate antioxidant status during AFB1-induced oxidative stress by reducing hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction, thus enhancing antioxidant enzyme response.

Congo red test for identification of preeclampsia: Results of a prospective diagnostic case-control study in Bangladesh and Mexico.

BACKGROUND: Misfolded proteins in the urine of women with preeclampsia bind to Congo Red dye (urine congophilia). We evaluated a beta prototype of a point-of-care test for the identification of urine congophilia in preeclamptic women. METHODS: Prospective diagnostic case-control study conducted in 409 pregnant women (n = 204 preeclampsia; n = 205 uncomplicated pregnancies) presenting for delivery in two tertiary level hospitals located in Bangladesh and Mexico. The GV-005, a beta prototype of a point-of-care test for detecting congophilia, was performed on fresh and refrigerated urine samples. The primary outcome was the prevalence of urine congophilia in each of the two groups. Secondary outcome was the likelihood of the GV-005 (index test) to confirm and rule-out preeclampsia based on an adjudicated diagnosis (reference standard). FINDINGS: The GV-005 was positive in 85% of clinical cases (83/98) and negative in 81% of clinical controls (79/98) in the Bangladesh cohort. In the Mexico cohort, the GV-005 test was positive in 48% of clinical cases (51/106) and negative in 77% of clinical controls (82/107). Adjudication confirmed preeclampsia in 92% of Bangladesh clinical cases (90/98) and 61% of Mexico clinical cases (65/106). The odds ratio of a urine congophilia in adjudicated cases versus controls in the Bangladesh cohort was 34.5 (14.7 - 81.1) (p<0.001) compared to 4.2 (2.1 - 8.4; p<0.001) in the Mexico cohort. INTERPRETATION: The GV-005, a beta prototype of a point-of-care test for detection of urine congophilia, is a promising tool for rapid identification of preeclampsia. FUNDING: Saving Lives at Birth.

An insight to fermented edible insects: A global perspective and prospective.

The practice of eating insects is not a new phenomenon; however, the interest for their consumption has increased in recent years due to their recognized nutritional value (high content of micro- and macronutrient), potential health benefits (presence of bioactive substances), and low-environmental impact (use of less resources and reduced pollution levels). Currently, research on insects has focused on the promotion of various processing technologies for their use as either ingredients (in a non-recognizable form) to the development of innovative products, or as sources of novel bioactive compounds. In this context, evidence has suggested that alternative technologies, particularly fermentation, could be used the obtain diverse insect-based ingredients/products with unique properties. Therefore, the purpose of this narrative review was to provide an overview of the available literature on fermentation applied to obtain new insect-based products, to summarize the patents and patent-applications to protect fermented edible insect products and processes, as well as to enlist examples of current available products in the market.

Apoyo sanitario durante la invasión y campaña militar de Antonio Maceo en Pinar del Río / Health support during the invasion of Antonio Maceo and the military campaign in Pinar del Rio

RESUMEN Introducción: una personalidad que sobresalió de manera significativa dentro de la sociedad pinareña y nacional durante la guerra de independencia de 1895 -1896 fue el Mayor General Antonio Maceo. Mucho se ha escrito sobre sus hazañas militares, pero quedan aspectos que no están bien sustentados históricamente. En ocasión de una jornada política ideológica en la provincia donde se abordaba el tema de la sanidad militar; la insuficiente bibliografía, fue motivo para emprender una investigación. Objetivo: indagar sobre la estructura de Sanidad Militar que suponía tenía Maceo en Pinar del Río durante la Campaña militar durante el año 1896. Métodos: se ha realizado una investigación cualitativa, histórica y situacional, descriptiva, utilizando fuentes primarias y secundarias de recolección de información. Las principales fuentes para la obtención de los datos, se encontraron en el Archivo de Historia y en la Biblioteca Provincial de Pinar del Río. Desarrollo: los principales momentos históricos que sobre Antonio Maceo se publicaron en esa época; lo que permitió conformar con aspectos geográficos, cronológicos y la temática específica. Conclusiones: sobre los médicos que realmente lo acompañaron y tuvieron además gran actuación en la atención de heridos en los combates principales, la cifra de bajas y muertos en las acciones combativas, los hospitales de sangre mencionados y los enterramientos realizados en la provincia. A opinión de los autores se mencionan hechos históricos que le son propios a Pinar del Río en esa contienda militar de Maceo.

ABSTRACT Introduction: a personality who stood out significantly within Pinar del Río and national society during the War of Independence of 1895-1896 was Major General Antonio Maceo. Much has been written about his military exploits, but there are still aspects that are not well supported historically. On the occasion of a political-ideological day in the province Subject: of military health was discussed; the insufficient literatures was the reason for undertaking a research aimed at researching the structure of military health that Maceo supposedly had in Pinar del Río during the military campaign in 1896. Methods: A qualitative, historical, situational, and descriptive research was carried out, using the primary and the secondary sources of information collected. The main sources to obtain the data were found in the History Archive and in the Provincial Library of Pinar del Río of the main historical moments with reference to Antonio Maceo. Development: that were published at that time; which allowed to create geographical, chronological and specific thematic aspects, and state. Conclusions: concerning the doctors that really accompanied him and also had a great performance in the attention of the wounded in the main combats, the number of casualties and deaths in the combat actions, the mentioned blood hospitals and the burials carried out in the province. In the opinion of the author, historical facts are mentioned that are typical from Pinar del Río in that military conflict of Maceo.

Conocimientos, Actitudes y prácticas de prevención de riesgo del cáncer bucal en población mayor de 15 años. Panamá. / [Knowledge, attitudes and practices of prevention of oral cancer risk in popul oral cancer risk in population over 15 years old. Panama.

Introducción: El Cáncer Bucal es una enfermedad de importancia en Salud Pública. En Panamá, se desconoce la incidencia y prevalencia de la enfermedad y no se dispone de información por tipo de patología, lesión, localización, ni estudios de conocimientos, ac­ titudes y prácticas, relacionados a los factores de riesgo. Objetivo General: analizar los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas de prevención de Cáncer Bucal en la población mayor de 15 años. Materiales y Método: estudio descriptivo transversal, realizado en las Regiones Sanitarias de San Miguelito, Metropolitana y Panamá Oeste. Se realizó un muestreo por conveniencia en 42 instalaciones de salud del primer nivel de atención, a la población que acudió al servicio odontológico durante cuatro meses. Se aplicó una encuesta de Conocimiento, Actitudes y Prácticas de prevención de factores de riesgo al cáncer bucal, considerando variables de estilo de vida. Para el análisis estadístico, se utilizaron los programas Epi Info versión 7.2 y XLSTAT 2019 y presentados los datos en medidas paramétricas y no paramétricas. Resultados: se encuestó un total de 3,832 personas mayores de 15 años. La mayor proporción fueron mujeres en edades de 25 y 34 años. En relación al conocimiento, el 81% desconoce los factores de riesgo de cáncer bucal y según la actitud, el 63% no asiste al control odontológico periódicamente. Las prácticas reflejaron hábitos relaciona­ dos al consumo de tabaco y alcohol. Conclusión: La población mayor de 15 años del estudio, desconoce los factores de riesgo del cáncer bucal y manifiesta limitada actitud de práctica preventiva.

Introduction: Oral Cancer is an importance disease in Public Health. In Panama, the in­ cidence and prevalence of the disease is unknown and there is no information available by type of pathology, injury, location, or studies of knowledge, attitudes and practices re­ lated to risk factors. General Objective: to analyze the knowledge, attitudes and practi­ ces of prevention of Oral Cancer in the population over 15 years old. Materials and Methods: cross­sectional descriptive study, carried out in San Miguelito, Metropolitan and Panamá Oeste Health Regions. Sampling was carried out for convenience in 42 health facilities of the first level of health care, to the population that attended the dental service during four months. A survey of Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of preven­ tion of risk factors to oral cancer was applied, considering Lifestyle variables. For the statistical analysis, the Epi Info version 7.2 and XLSTAT 2019 programs were used and the data presented in parametric and non­parametric measurements. Results: a total of 3,832 people over 15 years of age were surveyed. The highest propor­ tions were women between the ages of 25 and 34. In relation to knowledge, 81% do not know the risk factors for oral cancer and according to the attitude, 63%, do not attend pe­ riodically to a dental control. The practices reflected habits related to consumption of to­ bacco and alcohol. Conclusion: The population over 15 years old of the study ignores the risk factors of oral cancer and manifests a limited attitude of preventive practice.

Milk Fermented with Lactobacillus fermentum Ameliorates Indomethacin-Induced Intestinal Inflammation: An Exploratory Study.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of milk fermented with Lactobacillus fermentum J20 (FMJ20) or J28 (FMJ28) on ameliorating indomethacin-induced inflammation. Twenty-eight male C57Bl/6 mice were divided into four experimental groups: indomethacin, indomethacin + FMJ20, indomethacin + FMJ28, and untreated (control). Groups were fed fermented milk for 15 days, followed by administration of indomethacin supplied in three sub-doses over experimental period. Body weight, and food consumption were recorded. Additionally, spleen, kidney, and liver were weighed, and the small intestine length was measured. The cytokines in serum (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, IL-23 and TNFα) and in intestinal mucosa (IL-17 and IFNγ) were also determined. Compared to the control, all indomethacin-supplemented groups lost weight (~2.7 g; p < 0.05), but no changes were found in the organ-specific morphometry analysis. FMJ28 showed better results in attenuating serum and intestinal IL-17 levels. Furthermore, showed less epithelial cell loss and inflammatory infiltrates than the other indomethacin-treated groups. These results suggest that FMJ28 may be effective in reducing intestinal and systemic acute inflammation, specifically in mice.

Percepción de riesgo laboral del personal de salud en la Región Metropolitana de Salud. Panamá / Perception of labor risk in the health personnel of Metropolitan Health Region. Panama

Introducción: El sector sanitario es complejo por los riesgos y número de trabajadores expuestos a condiciones de trabajo y efectos sobre la salud, que requiere visualización, seguimiento e inversión para su mejoramiento. Objetivo: evaluar la percepción de riesgo laboral, según profesión de salud en el primer nivel de atención. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo transversal con una muestra de 336 personas, en 17 centros de salud. Los riesgos considerados: físico, químico, biológico, ergonómico y psicosocial. Se elaboró un cuestionario en escala de Likert, preguntas con valor de 1 a 5 puntos: totalmente de acuerdo (5), de acuerdo (4), en desacuerdo (3), totalmente en desacuerdo (2) y no sabe (1). La escala de riesgo fue de <1.8 (bajo), de 1.8 a 2.0 (medio) y > de 2.0 (alto), analizadas en medidas no paramétricas y de tendencia central. Resultados: El 48% del personal, percibe el riesgo químico, el 44% el riesgo biológico, ambos estadísticamente significativos: X2 Pearson (0.001 < p= 0.05), el 74% del perso­nal percibe el riesgo físico, el 63% el riesgo ergonómico y el 69% el riesgo psicosocial. Estas per­cepciones no fueron significativas Conclusión: No todo el personal de salud percibe el riesgo laboral, existe desconocimiento y parece estar habituado al ambiente laboral. El estudio no contempló: tiempo de exposición al riesgo, ni cul­tura organizacional. Se requerirá investigar la asociación de exposición al riesgo y su efecto a la sa­lud y si el desconocimiento del riesgo laboral es un condicionante de adaptación o un factor cultural de la organización.

Introduction: The health s ec tor is complex due to the risks and the number of workers exposed to working conditions and the effects on health, which requires visualization, monitoring and invest­ ment for its improvement. Objective: to assess the perception of labor risk, ac cording to the health profession in the first level of health care. Methodology: Cross­sectional descriptive study with a sample of 336 people, in 17 health centers. The ris ks cons idered: physical, c hemical, biologic al, ergonomic and ps ychos oc ial. A ques tionnaire was elaborated on a Lik ert scale, questions with a value of 1 to 5 points: totally agree (5), agree (4), dis agree (3), totally dis agree (2) and do not know (1). The risk scale was <1.8 (low), 1.8 to 2.0 (me­ dium) and> 2.0 (high), analyzed in non­parametric measures and central tendency. Results: 48% of the staff perceives the c hemical risk, 44% the biological risk, both statistically s ignificant: X2 Pear­ son (0.001

Effect of Milk Fermented with Lactobacillus fermentum on the Inflammatory Response in Mice.

Currently, the effect of fermented milk on the T-helper 17 response in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) is unknown. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of milks fermented with Lactobacillus fermentum on the Th1/Th17 response in a murine model of mild IBD. Exopolysaccharide (EPS), lactic acid (LA), and total protein (TP) contents and bacterial concentration were determined. Male C57Bl/6 mice intragastrically received either raw (FM) or pasteurized (PFM) fermented milk before and during a dextran sulfate infusion protocol. Blood, spleen, and colon samples were collected at Weeks 6 and 10. IL-6, IL-10, and TNFα were determined in serum, and IL-17, IL-23, and IFNγ were determined in intestinal mucosa and serum. The FM groups did not differ in cell concentration, LA, or TP content (p > 0.05); FM-J28 had the highest EPS content. Spleen weight and colon length did not differ among the FM groups (p > 0.05). In the FM-J20 and PFM-J20 groups, IL-17 and IFNγ decreased, and the IL-10 concentration was enhanced (p < 0.05) at Week 6. IL-6, TNFα, IL-23, and IFNγ did not differ in serum and mucosa (p > 0.05), and IL-17 was lowest in FM-J28 and FM-J20. Therefore, FM appears to potentially play a role in decreasing the Th17 response. However, further studies are needed to elucidate the FM-mediated anti-inflammatory mechanisms in IBD.

Food-derived immunomodulatory peptides.

Food proteins contain specific amino acid sequences within their structures that may positively impact bodily functions and have multiple immunomodulatory effects. The functional properties of these specific sequences, also referred to as bioactive peptides, are revealed only after the degradation of native proteins during digestion processes. Currently, milk proteins have been the most explored source of bioactive peptides, which presents an interesting opportunity for the dairy industry. However, plant- and animal-derived proteins have also been shown to be important sources of bioactive peptides. This review summarizes the in vitro and in vivo evidence of the role of various food proteins as sources of immunomodulatory peptides and discusses the possible pathways involving these properties. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.

Proyecto de intervención comunitaria: Somos más que una Nación / Community project: We are more than one Nation

Se presentan los resultados parciales alcanzados por el proyecto de intervención comunitaria “Somos más que una nación” en el periodo 2011-2012, los cuales se obtuvieron a través de una investigación cualitativa. Las naciones más representadas dentro del proyecto fueron México, Perú, Uruguay, Palestina, Colombia, Costa Rica y Bolivia. Se realizan encuentros en 9 municipios de los 10 de la provincia, para un 90 por ciento, y se realizaron encuentros con la Historia en otras 5 provincias: Camagüey, Santiago de Cuba, Holguín, Sancti Spiritus y Villa Clara. Las cifras de participación alcanzaron los 345 adultos y 112 menores, con alto grado de satisfacción en los pobladores y en los estudiantes, expresado mediante entrevistas en las que la recolección de los datos se realizó con la técnica de Grupo Focal. El objetivo de este artículo es mostrar los resultados parciales alcanzados en esa etapa de implementación del proyecto.

The partial results obtained by the community intervention project "we are more than one nation" in the period from 2011 to 2012 are presented, which were obtained through a qualitative research. Mexico, Peru, Uruguay, Colombia, Costa Rica, Bolivia, Chile and Namibia were the more represented nations within the project . Meetings were developed in 9 of the 10 municipalities of Ciego de Avila province representing a 90.0 percent, and Meetings with History were carried out in other 5 provinces such as, Camaguey, Santiago de Cuba, Holguin, Sancti Spiritus and Villa Clara. The number of participants reached 345 adult people and 112 children with a high level of satisfaction in the population as well as in the foreign students, revealed in interviews, where the collection of data was done with the Focal Group Technique. The objective of this scientific article is to show the partial results achieved in this phase of the project implementation.

Divertículo colónico invertido: presentación de un caso / Reverse colonic diverticulum: a case presentation

El divertículo colónico invertido es un hallazgo endoscópico inusual, algunos autores lo señalan dentro de las manifestaciones clínicas como sangramiento digestivo bajo, no se reportan otras complicaciones, a no ser que existan errores en el diagnóstico que conlleven a la toma de biopsia del mismo, así como la resección endoscópica.Caso clínico: paciente masculino, de 70 años de edad, que acudió a consulta por presentar cuadro doloroso abdominal en el lado izquierdo desde hace varios meses, con períodos de mejoría y recaídas. Como síntomas acompañantes presentó, fiebre de causa desconocida que mejoraba con antipiréticos, así como constipación de más de cinco años para lo cual tomaba laxantes con cierta frecuencia, presentó deposiciones con estrías de sangre en más de una ocasión. Al examen físico se constató dolor a la palpación profunda en el lado izquierdo y mucosas ligeramente hipocoloreadas

Reverse colonic diverticulum is an unusual endoscopic finding, some authors point it out within the clinical manifestations, lower gastrointestinal bleeding, other complications are not reported unless there are errors in diagnosis leading to a biopsy, as well as endoscopic resection.Case report: a 70 years old, male patient came to the consultation by presenting a picture of abdominal pain on the left side from several months ago, with periods of improvement and relapses. As accompanying symptoms developed fever of unknown cause which improved with antipyretics, as well as constipation for over five years, taking laxatives regularly. In addition, he presented stools with blood striae more than once. In the physical examination was found pain in left side to the deep palpation and slightly hypocolored mucus

Condicionantes para incorporar la medicina tradicional en el Hospital San Juan de Dios de Entre Ríos gestión 2011 / Determinants to incorporate traditional medicine in the Hospital San Juan de Dios de Entre Rios 2011 management

A partir de la fundación del estado plurinacional de Bolivia en 2009, se inicia un proceso de profundas transformaciones, con el propósito de asumir los nuevos paradigmas del vivir bien y del desarrollo con equidad, solidaridad e inclusión. En ese marco la nueva constitución política del estado incorpora 11 artículos relacionados a la salud mediante las cuales se destaca la obligación del estado de garantizar, el acceso gratuito de las personas al sistema sanitario único de salud en los servicios públicos y de la seguridad social, la recuperación de la medicina tradicional y la incorporación de la terapéutica tradicional. Entonces la urgencia y la necesidad de transformar el sistema de salud, donde requiere de mecanismos, herramientas e instrumentos para responder al proceso de cambio, estrategias basadas en la cultura del personal y del usuario en los servicios de salud para mantener la salud de la población. Por otra parte tenemos la obligatoriedad de los servidores de salud de articular con la medicina tradicional. Según mandato del estado. La provincia O´Connor con su capital de Entre Ríos, se caracteriza por ser predominantemente rural, (66,2%). Su población distribuida en 130 comunidades que conforman el territorio. Se trata de una región "étnica y pluricultural conformada por guaranís, originarios campesinos y migrantes, el idioma está distribuida con el 35% que habla el guaraní, el 60% castellano y el 5% con el idioma quechua y aimara.