Evidence of respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza-3 virus in Mexican sheep.

This is a first report in Mexico of the presence of antibodies against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and parainfluenza-3 virus in Mexican sheep in different productive stages. We determine the association of serological positivity with age and production system, and obtain molecular evidence of infection by both virus. RSV prevalence in adult sheep was 47% (49/105) at the tropic and 64% (63/99) at the uplands. A significant difference in RSV seropositivity between animals from the tropic and the uplands was observed (P < 0.05). Seropositivity correlated with production system (P = 0.003, OR = 2.042), with a risk of showing antibodies was 2.042 times higher in sheep under an extensive production system. A significant difference in PI3V seropositivity between animals from either provenance (P = 0.017, OR = 0.475) were also found, with a risk of showing antibodies 0.475 times higher in sheep under an extensive production system. Genetic material from RSV and PI3V was identified by RT-PCR in nasal swab samples from clinically healthy lambs and confirmed by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Serological results show that sheep are susceptible to infection by both viruses, and molecular results suggest that the identified antibodies are result of natural infections and reinfections.

Rinofima severo / Severe rhinophyma

Rhinophyma is a progressively growing benign tumor that has the ability to distort the nasal form. Even though, it is considered a rare subtype of rosacea, it is of great importance for the ability to create: psychic, aesthetic and functional disorders. This report describes a severe case of rhinophyma in a 52 years old male patient, the medical treatment and the surgical technique used for removal.

El Rinofima es un tumor benigno de crecimiento progresivo con la capacidad de provocar severas alteraciones en la morfología nasal. Es considerado un subtipo de rosácea poco frecuente, sin embargo, es de gran relevancia por su capacidad de crear trastornos tanto estéticos como funcionales y psicológicos en las personas afectadas. Este reporte describe un caso severo de rinofima, en un paciente de género masculino de 52 años, el tratamiento médico y la técnica quirúrgica que se utilizó para su remoción.

[Organoleptic and physicochemical characteristics of propolis in the Province Of Nuble, VIII Region-Chile]. / Características organolépticas y físico-químicas de propóleos de la Provincia De Nuble, VIII Región-Chile.

Propolis ("bee-glue") is a gummy resinous substance elaborated by honey bees (Apis mellifera) from different types of plant resins. The chemical composition of propolis is very complex and variable as it depends on the botanical source and the environmental conditions prevailing at the location where the resin is collected by bees. The objective [corrected] of this study was to determine the propolis organoleptic and physicochemical properties of different types in the Province of Nuble (VIII Región, Chile). Samples were collected at different sites located in the Central Valley, ranging from the coast to the mountain skirts. Analyses included humidity, ashes, wax content, total phenolics content, total flavonoids, mechanical impurities, oxidation time, and solubility in ethanol. Results showed that propolis extracts from coastal sites are better quality than those collected at mountain skirts, and these in turn are better than propolis obtained from the Central Valley. All propolis analyzed in this study can be classified according to the Brazilian norm as high flavonoid content. The same homogeneity is observed in the amounts of total phenolics found in the samples. In general terms, properties of the propolis samples analyzed fulfill the quality requirements of the current international standards.