A Design and Application of Municipal Service Platform Based on Cloud-Edge Collaboration for Smart Cities.

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) makes cities "smart", capable of providing advanced municipal services to citizens more efficiently. In the literature, many applications of municipal service platform based on cloud computing and edge computing have been proposed, but the reference model and application instance based on cloud-edge collaboration specially for municipal service platform is rarely studied. In this context, this paper first develops a reference model, including resource collaboration, application collaboration, service collaboration, and security collaboration, and discusses the main contents and challenges of each part. Then, aiming at the problem of computing and communication resources allocation in the cloud-edge collaboration, a game-theory-based dynamic resource allocation model is introduced. Finally, an e-government self-service system based on the cloud-edge collaboration is designed and implemented. The cloud side is a cloud computing server, and the edge side are the self-service terminals integrating various edge computing devices with Artificial Intelligence (AI) embedded. The experimental results show that the designed system combines the advantages of cloud computing and edge computing, and provides a better user experience with lower processing latency, larger bandwidth, and more concurrent tasks. Meanwhile, the findings show that the evolutionary equilibrium and the Nash equilibrium are the optimal solutions, respectively.

Next-Generation Electronics and Sensing Technology.

This Special Issue is dedicated to several aspects of next-generation electronics and sensing technology and contains eight papers that focus on advanced sensing devices, sensing systems, and sensing circuits that focus on the state-of-the-art methods for sensing technologies [...].

Design of a FlexRay/Ethernet Gateway and Security Mechanism for In-Vehicle Networks.

Due to the development of the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) and advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS), the Ethernet has become one of the most important communication protocols for the future of automotive networks. This is because the existing communication protocols (such as FlexRay) do not provide sufficiently high bandwidth requirements. The main challenge for the automotive industry will be to transfer and extend standard IP and Ethernet into vehicles and still fulfill the automotive requirements. The automotive gateway not only links two or more protocols and exchanges the data using each, but also monitors and ensures functional safety. This paper proposes a FlexRay/Ethernet gateway by considering the development conditions of embedded systems and the security in the field of vehicle networking. The proposed method is implemented on the Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) system to evaluate running time and to analyze the overhead of the security mechanism. For one-to-one mapping logic, the execution times of FlexRay to the Ethernet path and Ethernet to FlexRay path are constant, at 4.67 µs and 6.71 µs, respectively. In particular, cybersecurity can be integrated as an extension of the gateway with low latency and power consumption.

A Reliability Scheduling Algorithm for the Static Segment of FlexRay on Vehicle Networks.

FlexRay is a next-generation in-vehicle communication protocol which works in real time with flexibility. The most common applications in FlexRay are high bandwidth. X-by-wire applications, such as brake by wire and throttle by wire. However, there is no mechanism which can prevent transient faults in the application layer of FlexRay. If a transient fault occurs during driving, this would be very dangerous; therefore, we propose a fast reliability scheduling algorithm (FRSA) to improve the communication reliability of FlexRay. The proposed method reduces the probability of transient faults in one clock cycle by using a retransmission mechanism to recover the transient errors, and further improves computational complexity using the lookup table method to ensure system reliability. In this paper, we analyze a related literature to establish the system reliability constraints needed to evaluate the necessary time and slot usage, and the proposed cost function is used to evaluate the performance and efficiency when the number of messages is increased. Experimental results show that the proposed FRSA reduces execution time by an average 70.76% and cost by an average 13.33% more than the other existing methods. This method can be useful to others, especially regarding research about periodic time-triggered communication systems.