Short-term effects of community-based marine reserves on green abalone, as revealed by population studies.

Marine reserves (MRs) are implemented worldwide to protect, restore, and manage marine ecosystems and species. However, it is important to document the positive effects those marine reserves have on slow-growth, temperate invertebrates such as abalone. Abalone, Haliotis spp., are marine gastropods of high economic value extracted worldwide for decades, which has led to fisheries-driven population decreases. In this work, we focused on a case study and assessed the short-term (1-2 years) effects of marine reserves established and managed by a local fishing cooperative at Guadalupe Island, Mexico. We evaluated the population status of green abalone, H. fulgens, by conducting (1) an assessment of the green abalone population around Guadalupe Island through subtidal monitoring and (2) an evaluation of the effect of two recently established marine reserves on population parameters such as the increase in density (individuals·m2), biomass, number of aggregated abalone, egg production, and proportion of individuals bigger than 150 mm (minimum harvest size) compared to fished areas. To assess the population around Guadalupe Island, we surveyed 11,160 m2 during 2020 and 2021. We recorded 2327 green abalones with a mean ± SE shell length of 135.978 ± 0.83 mm and a mean density of 0.21 ± 0.02 individuals·m2. All variables were statistically higher at the MRs except for shell length in 2021. In this work, we report for the first time the green abalone population status at Guadalupe Island and a positive short-term biological response to community-based marine reserves. This study suggests that a network of MRs combined with good management could help abalone populations in the short term in Guadalupe Island, potentially leading to more sustainable fishing practices and social-ecological resilience.

Shading by giant kelp canopy can restrict the invasiveness of Undaria pinnatifida (Laminariales, Phaeophyceae).

The spread of non-indigenous and invasive seaweeds has increased worldwide, and their potential effects on native seaweeds have raised concern. Undaria pinnatifida is considered among the most prolific non-indigenous species. This species has expanded rapidly in the Northeast Pacific, overlapping with native communities such as the iconic giant kelp forests (Macrocystis pyrifera). Canopy shading by giant kelp has been argued to be a limiting factor for the presence of U. pinnatifida in the understory, thus its invasiveness capacity. However, its physiological plasticity under light limitation remains unclear. In this work, we compared the physiology and growth of juvenile U. pinnatifida and M. pyrifera sporophytes transplanted to the understory of a giant kelp forest, to juveniles growing outside of the forest. Extreme low light availability compared to that outside (~0.2 and ~4.4 mol photon ⋅ m-2 ⋅ d-1 , respectively) likely caused a "metabolic energy crisis" in U. pinnatifida, thus restricting its photoacclimation plasticity and nitrogen acquisition, ultimately reducing its growth. Despite M. pyrifera juveniles showing photoacclimatory responses (e.g., increases in photosynthetic efficiency and lower compensation irradiance, Ec ), their physiological/vegetative status deteriorated similarly to U. pinnatifida, which explains the low recruitment inside the forest. Generally, our results revealed the ecophysiological basis behind the limited growth and survival of juvenile U. pinnatifida sporophytes in the understory.

Approach to the intoxicated pediatric patient in the emergency services / Abordaje del paciente pediátrico intoxicado en urgencias

Las intoxicaciones en la población pediátrica son una gran parte de las causas de atención en los servicios de urgencias, pero así mismo representan en muchos casos eventos fatídicos, en nuestro país. La exposición a un tóxico o veneno y sus efectos adversos se pueden convertir en emergencias médicas de gran magnitud, por lo que muchos autores las consideran como: "Trauma múltiple de origen químico". Es por esto que el manejo de un paciente pediátrico intoxicado tiene un enfoque único debido al desafío diagnóstico que representa. La atención oportuna y sistematizada de un paciente pediátrico en el contexto de una intoxicación puede representar el éxito de la atención oportuna, valoración correcta y de un adecuado proceso de atención. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar un enfoque general para el paciente pediátrico intoxicado en cuanto al manejo inicial, el abordaje, y los datos clínicos que nos puedan orientar en el servicio de urgencias ante un paciente pediátrico intoxicado.

Intoxications in the pediatric population account for a significant portion of the causes of care in emergency services, but they are also fatal in many cases in our country. Exposure to a toxic or poison and its adverse effects can become medical emergencies of great magnitude, which is why many authors consider them "multiple traumas of chemical origin." This is why the management of an intoxicated pediatric patient has a unique approach due to the diagnostic challenge that it represents. Timely and systematized care of a pediatric patient in the context of poisoning can represent the success of timely care, correct assessment, and an adequate care process. The objective of this work is to present a general approach for the intoxicated pediatric patient regarding the initial management, the approach, and the clinical data that can guide us in the emergency department when faced with an intoxicated pediatric patient.

Geographic variation in responses of kelp forest communities of the California Current to recent climatic changes.

The changing global climate is having profound effects on coastal marine ecosystems around the world. Structure, functioning, and resilience, however, can vary geographically, depending on species composition, local oceanographic forcing, and other pressures from human activities and use. Understanding ecological responses to environmental change and predicting changes in the structure and functioning of whole ecosystems require large-scale, long-term studies, yet most studies trade spatial extent for temporal duration. We address this shortfall by integrating multiple long-term kelp forest monitoring datasets to evaluate biogeographic patterns and rates of change of key functional groups (FG) along the west coast of North America. Analysis of data from 469 sites spanning Alaska, USA, to Baja California, Mexico, and 373 species (assigned to 18 FG) reveals regional variation in responses to both long-term (2006-2016) change and a recent marine heatwave (2014-2016) associated with two atmospheric and oceanographic anomalies, the "Blob" and extreme El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Canopy-forming kelps appeared most sensitive to warming throughout their range. Other FGs varied in their responses among trophic levels, ecoregions, and in their sensitivity to heatwaves. Changes in community structure were most evident within the southern and northern California ecoregions, while communities in the center of the range were more resilient. We report a poleward shift in abundance of some key FGs. These results reveal major, ongoing region-wide changes in productive coastal marine ecosystems in response to large-scale climate variability, and the potential loss of foundation species. In particular, our results suggest that coastal communities that are dependent on kelp forests will be more impacted in the southern portion of the California Current region, highlighting the urgency of implementing adaptive strategies to sustain livelihoods and ensure food security. The results also highlight the value of multiregional integration and coordination of monitoring programs for improving our understanding of marine ecosystems, with the goal of informing policy and resource management in the future.

Educação popular e controle social em saúde do trabalhador: desafios com base em uma experiência / Popular education and social control in worker health: challenges based on experience / Educación popular y control social en salud ocupacional: retos basados en la experiencia

A Saúde do Trabalhador (ST) refere-se a um campo do saber que compreende as relações entre o trabalho e o processo saúde/doença de modo articulado a um corpo de práticas teóricas interdisciplinares. No contexto das possibilidades para se efetivar a ST na amplitude que exige este conceito, diferentes iniciativas de Educação Popular em Saúde se articulam com demandas do Controle Social em Saúde, permitindo novas abordagens para configurar a formação crítica e ativa de trabalhadores de saúde e movimentos sociais no mosaico das políticas de ST. Este artigo busca refletir sobre essas possibilidades a partir do Projeto de Extensão “Vidas Paralelas”. A sistematização da experiência permitiu concluir que estratégias de diálogo, organização político-social e troca de experiências de vida se apresentam como cenário significativo no compartilhamento de cultura e saúde do trabalhador, oportunizando crescimento coletivo e melhor qualidade de vida...

The Occupational Health (OH) refers to a field of knowledge that comprises the relationships between work and the health-disease process in order to articulate a body of interdisciplinary practices. In the context of the possibilities to conduct the OH with the amplitude that requires this concept, different initiatives of Popular Education in Health are articulated with demands of Social Control in Health, allowing new approaches to configure the active and critical training of health workers and social movements the mosaic of policies OH. This article seeks to reflect on these possibilities from the Extension Project “Parallel Lives”. The systematization of the experience concluded that dialogue strategies, political-social organization and exchange of life experiences present themselves as significant scenario in sharing the worker’s culture between themselves, providing opportunities for collective growth and better quality of life...

Salud en Trabajo (ST) se refiere a un campo del conocimiento que comprende la relación entre proceso salud-enfermedad de trabajo, que busca articular prácticas interdisciplinarias. En el marco de las posibilidades de llevar a cabo la amplitud que requiere este concepto, diferentes iniciativas de Educación Popular en Salud se articulan con demandas de control social en salud, lo que permite nuevos enfoques para configurar la formación activa y crítica del personal sanitario y de movimientos sociales en mosaico de políticas ST. Este artículo pretende reflexionar sobre estas posibilidades en el proyecto “Vidas Paralelas”. La sistematización de la experiencia permitió llegar a la conclusión de que las estrategias de diálogo, la organización político-social y el de experiencias de vida se presentan como escenarios importantes para trocar cultura y salud entre los trabajadores, proporcionando oportunidades para el crecimiento colectivo y mejorar la calidad de vida...

Hypothenar hammer syndrome: case report and literature review / Síndrome do martelo hipotenar: relato de caso e revisão da literatura

Case report of a 69 year-old patient, with history of repetitive trauma events in the wrist, clinically simulating tenosynovitis, being held with Doppler Ultrasound and Magnetic Nuclear Resonance, which showed ulnar artery thrombosis. The accurate diagnosis of the hammer hypothenar disease through those tests enable an early intervention, improving the prognosis of patients affected by this rare disease.

Paciente de 69 anos, com história de traumas repetitivos no punho, simulando clinicamente tenossinovite, sendo feitas ultrassonografia com doppler e ressonância nuclear magnética, que evidenciaram trombose da artéria ulnar. O diagnóstico preciso da doença do martelo hipotenar por meio desses exames possibilita uma intervenção precoce e melhora o prognóstico dos pacientes acometidos por essa rara afecção.

Hypothenar hammer syndrome: case report and literature review.

Case report of a 69 year-old patient, with history of repetitive trauma events in the wrist, clinically simulating tenosynovitis, being held with Doppler Ultrasound and Magnetic Nuclear Resonance, which showed ulnar artery thrombosis. The accurate diagnosis of the hammer hypothenar disease through those tests enable an early intervention, improving the prognosis of patients affected by this rare disease.

Apofisites dos membros inferiores: aspectos de imagem / Apophysitis of the lower limbs: imaging findings

As apófises são núcleos de ossificação secundários que se desenvolvem com o crescimento. Estão sujeitas a forças de tração porque servem para inserção de músculos e ligamentos. Se a força de tração torna-se maior em magnitude e freqüência, pode ocorrer irritação da fase, resultando na apofisite. As lesões apofisárias ocorrem em adolescentes, geralmente presentes com dor articu-lar, associadas com o crescimento, imaturidade esquelética, microtraumas repetidos e imaturidade músculo-tendínea. As apofisites e as suas localizações principais são: doença de Osgood-Schlatter (tuberosidade tibial), apofisites do quadril (crista ilíaca e tuberosidade isquiática), doença de Sever (calcâneo posterior), apofisite do navicular, síndrome de Sindig-Larsen-Johans-son (patela inferior) e doença de lselin (tuberosidade da base do quinto metatarsal). 0 principal objetivo será demonstrar os principais achados de imagem destas afecções pela ressonância magnética e raios-X, bem como discutir os principais diagnósticos diferenciais.

Pneumonia eosinofílica crônica: relato de um caso / Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia: a case report

Os autores relatam um caso de pneumonia eosinofílica crônica em um paciente de 59 anos de idade, do sexo masculino, com febre e tosse seca há 15 dias. Na história pregressa havia tabagismo e asma de início há 12 anos. A radiografia do tórax mostrou opacidades homogêneas periféricas nos terços superiores. A tomografia computadorizada do tórax demonstrava consolidaçöes periféricas com broncogramas aéreos na periferia dos lobos superiores dos pulmöes. O paciente foi submetido a biópsia "a céu aberto", com diagnóstico histológico de processo intersticial difuso com predomínio de eosinófilos. O paciente foi tratado com corticosteróides, observando-se normalizaçäo dos exames radiológicos após 20 dias