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1.
Curr Oncol ; 31(8): 4559-4567, 2024 Aug 09.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39195323

RÉSUMÉ

BACKGROUND: Differences in radiation-induced lymphopenia and prognosis between methods of radiotherapy (RT) for brain metastases remain unclear. METHODS: In this retrospective analysis of patients who underwent whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) or stereotactic radiosurgery/radiotherapy (SRS/SRT) for brain metastases, baseline total lymphocyte count (TLC) data were obtained within 2 weeks before RT initiation. Follow-up TLC data were evaluated at 0-2, 2-4, and 4-8 weeks after RT completion. Persistent lymphopenia was defined as <800/µL at any time point. RESULTS: Overall, 138 RT courses in 128 patients were eligible (94 WBRT; 44 SRS/SRT). In the WBRT courses, the median baseline TLC was 1325/µL (IQR: 923-1799). Follow-up TLC decreased significantly to 946/µL (626-1316), 992/µL (675-1291), and 1075/µL (762-1435) (p < 0.001). SRS/SRT courses showed no significant TLC decrease. Multivariate analysis revealed female sex, prior RT, baseline TLC < 800/µL, and WBRT use were significantly associated with persistent lymphopenia. In the WBRT group, overall survival was significantly different between those with and without persistent lymphopenia (median, 2.6 and 6.1 months; p < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference in survival in the SRS/SRT group (p = 0.60). CONCLUSION: This study suggests SRS/SRT might be preferable for lymphocyte preservation in brain metastasis patients.


Sujet(s)
Tumeurs du cerveau , Lymphopénie , Humains , Lymphopénie/étiologie , Tumeurs du cerveau/secondaire , Tumeurs du cerveau/radiothérapie , Tumeurs du cerveau/mortalité , Femelle , Mâle , Adulte d'âge moyen , Sujet âgé , Études rétrospectives , Radiochirurgie/méthodes , Pronostic , Adulte , Irradiation crânienne/méthodes , Irradiation crânienne/effets indésirables , Numération des lymphocytes
2.
Sensors (Basel) ; 23(21)2023 Nov 06.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37960697

RÉSUMÉ

We propose a new concept image sensor suitable for viewing and sensing applications. This is a report of a CMOS image sensor with a pixel architecture consisting of a 1.5 µm pixel with four-floating-diffusions-shared pixel structures and a 3.0 µm pixel with an in-pixel capacitor. These pixels are four small quadrate pixels and one big square pixel, also called quadrate-square pixels. They are arranged in a staggered pitch array. The 1.5 µm pixel pitch allows for a resolution high enough to recognize distant road signs. The 3 µm pixel with intra-pixel capacitance provides two types of signal outputs: a low-noise signal with high conversion efficiency and a highly saturated signal output, resulting in a high dynamic range (HDR). Two types of signals with long exposure times are read out from the vertical pixel, and four types of signals are read out from the horizontal pixel. In addition, two signals with short exposure times are read out again from the square pixel. A total of eight different signals are read out. This allows two rows to be read out simultaneously while reducing motion blur. This architecture achieves both an HDR of 106 dB and LED flicker mitigation (LFM), as well as being motion-artifact-free and motion-blur-less. As a result, moving subjects can be accurately recognized and detected with good color reproducibility in any lighting environment. This allows a single sensor to deliver the performance required for viewing and sensing applications.

3.
Int J Clin Oncol ; 28(12): 1607-1615, 2023 Dec.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37798414

RÉSUMÉ

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to reveal the long-term outcomes and late toxicities (> 5 years) after definitive intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). METHODS: Data from 43 patients (median age, 55 years; range, 17-72 years) with NPC who underwent definitive IMRT between 2001 and 2018 were analyzed. All patients were alive and disease-free 5 years after IMRT. A total dose of 70 (range, 66-70) Gy was delivered in 35 (33-35) fractions with concurrent cisplatin chemotherapy. RESULTS: The median follow-up duration was 119 (range, 61.5-242.1) months. Three patients developed locoregional failure at 79, 92, and 149 months after IMRT, respectively. Of these, 2 patients died of disease progression at 136 and 153 months after IMRT. One patient died of aspiration pneumonia 141 months after IMRT, despite salvage of the recurrent tumor by re-irradiation. In addition, one patient died of aspiration pneumonia 62 months after the IMRT. Thus, the 10-year overall survival, progression-free survival, and locoregional control rates were 98%, 92%, and 94%, respectively. Grade ≥ 2 and ≥ 3 late toxicities were observed in 28 (65%) and 9 (21%) patients, respectively. Nine second primary cancers, including five tongue cancers and two external auditory canal carcinomas, were observed in seven (16%) patients. CONCLUSION: Late recurrences, severe late toxicities, and second primary cancers were observed > 5 years after IMRT. A long-term follow-up of > 5 years is needed in patients with NPC.


Sujet(s)
Tumeurs du rhinopharynx , Seconde tumeur primitive , Pneumopathie de déglutition , Radiothérapie conformationnelle avec modulation d'intensité , Humains , Adulte d'âge moyen , Cancer du nasopharynx/radiothérapie , Tumeurs du rhinopharynx/traitement médicamenteux , Tumeurs du rhinopharynx/radiothérapie , Tumeurs du rhinopharynx/anatomopathologie , Seconde tumeur primitive/anatomopathologie , Stadification tumorale , Récidive tumorale locale/anatomopathologie , Radiothérapie conformationnelle avec modulation d'intensité/effets indésirables , Évolution de la maladie , Pneumopathie de déglutition/étiologie , Pneumopathie de déglutition/anatomopathologie
4.
BMJ Case Rep ; 16(1)2023 Jan 17.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36653047

RÉSUMÉ

A man in his 70s visited the hospital for chronic kidney disease with hypertension. He had anuria for several days before visiting the hospital. His creatinine level rose to 8.97 mg/dL (from 3 mg/dL) and his systemic blood pressure increased to 183 mm Hg. Other uraemic symptoms were also observed, and he was therefore admitted to the hospital and started continuous haemodiafiltration. MRI and angiography showed a highly stenotic lesion with calcification at the origin of the renal artery; a CT scan showed atrophy of the left kidney. Renal Doppler ultrasonography was performed and renal resistive indexes were: 0.92 for the left kidney and 0.68 for the right kidney. The viability of the right kidney was thought to be maintained, and percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty (PTRA) for the right renal artery stenosis was performed; his creatinine level improved (3 mg/dL) and his systolic blood pressure decreased (120 mm Hg). We implanted a stent on the right stenotic lesion and the right renal artery blood flow improved. We experienced an effective PTRA for the right renal artery for bilateral renal artery stenosis. Although the indications of PTRA for renal artery stenosis are limited, the evaluation of renal function using ultrasonography could be a useful index for determining the culprit lesion.


Sujet(s)
Angioplastie par ballonnet , Défaillance rénale chronique , Occlusion artérielle rénale , Insuffisance rénale chronique , Mâle , Humains , Occlusion artérielle rénale/complications , Occlusion artérielle rénale/imagerie diagnostique , Occlusion artérielle rénale/thérapie , Créatinine , Rein/imagerie diagnostique , Rein/physiologie , Angioplastie , Insuffisance rénale chronique/complications , Insuffisance rénale chronique/thérapie
5.
Acta Otolaryngol ; 141(11): 1022-1026, 2021 Nov.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34738883

RÉSUMÉ

BACKGROUND: Hypothyroidism is a common adverse event after radiotherapy for head and neck tumors and the incidence need to be re-evaluated because of using intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). AIMS/OBJECTIVES: Confirm the dose-volume effect of IMRT for pharyngeal cancer on hypothyroidism. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective analysis of patients underwent IMRT for pharyngeal cancer from June 2011 to May 2018. Patients were classified into group A (thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) <5µU/ml), group B (5< =TSH < 10), and group C (10< =TSH) based on TSH over 36 months post-radiation. Radiation dose, thyroid volume, and the proportion of the thyroid that received X Gy or greater (Vx) were measured. RESULTS: Fifty-two patients were included in this work. Hypothyroidism developed in 33/52 (63%) patients, 13 in group B and 20 in group C. The mean radiation dose to the thyroid was 49.4 Gy and the median time until hypothyroidism was 39 months after irradiation. Hypothyroidism was significantly related to neck dissection (ND) and radiation dose to the thyroid. Patients whose thyroid received 45 Gy or more (V45) >67% had a significantly higher incidence of hypothyroidism. CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE: Patients with pharyngeal cancer who had ND and V45 to the thyroid >67% are at risk of hypothyroidism.


Sujet(s)
Hypothyroïdie/étiologie , Tumeurs du pharynx/radiothérapie , Radiothérapie conformationnelle avec modulation d'intensité/effets indésirables , Carcinome épidermoïde de la tête et du cou/radiothérapie , Glande thyroide/effets des radiations , Sujet âgé , Association thérapeutique , Relation dose-effet des rayonnements , Femelle , Humains , Incidence , Mâle , Adulte d'âge moyen , Évidement ganglionnaire cervical/effets indésirables , Tumeurs du pharynx/chirurgie , Lésions radiques , Dosimétrie en radiothérapie , Études rétrospectives , Carcinome épidermoïde de la tête et du cou/chirurgie
6.
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) ; 63(3): 193-199, 2017.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28757534

RÉSUMÉ

Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.), a traditional folk medicine and functional food in China and South Korea, is known for its beneficial properties, which include anti-cancer, anti-oxidative, and anti-obesity effects. To assess the anti-hyperglycemic effect of jujube in this study, we investigated the glucose uptake-promoting activity of jujube in rat L6 myotubes. After determining that the jujube extract induces muscle glucose uptake, we identified the following active compounds by bioassay-guided fractionation: betulonic acid, betulinic acid, and oleanonic acid. Ursonic acid, known to be present in jujube, was semi-synthesized from ursolic acid and also observed to enhance glucose uptake. These four triterpenic acids induced glucose uptake in a glucose transporter 4-dependent manner. Comparison experiments of jujube fruits from three countries, namely, China, South Korea, and Japan, revealed that Japanese jujube has a higher content of active triterpenoids and is the most potent enhancer of glucose uptake.


Sujet(s)
Métabolisme glucidique/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Glucose/métabolisme , Fibres musculaires squelettiques/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Triterpènes/pharmacologie , Ziziphus/composition chimique , Animaux , Survie cellulaire/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Cellules cultivées , Fibres musculaires squelettiques/métabolisme , Triterpènes pentacycliques , Extraits de plantes/pharmacologie , Rats , Triterpènes/métabolisme , Acide bétulinique , Ursolic Acid
7.
Int J Clin Oncol ; 22(1): 52-58, 2017 Feb.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27604973

RÉSUMÉ

BACKGROUND: Clinical results of computed tomography (CT) simulations and [18F]-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/CT simulations were compared retrospectively. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 2006 and 2011, [18F]-FDG PET/CT simulation was performed on 68 consecutive patients with pharyngeal cancers (PET/CT group). As an historical control, conventional CT simulation was performed on 56 consecutive patients with pharyngeal cancer between 2000 and 2006 (CT group). In the PET/CT group, the primary sites were nasopharynx (NPC), oropharynx (OPC), and hypopharynx (HPC) in 35, 20, and 13 patients, respectively; in the CT group, the primary sites were NPC, OPC, and HPC in 21, 17, and 18 patients, respectively. All but five patients in the PET/CT group were treated with intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). RESULTS: In the PET/CT group, TNM and clinical stages changed in 11 (16 %) and eight (12 %) patients, respectively. Although the 5-year overall survival (OS) rates for the PET/CT and the CT groups were 80 and 64 %, respectively (p = 0.0420), this result may be attributable to the background difference between the two groups. Similarly, the 5-year locoregional control rates of the two groups were 82 and 70 %, respectively (p = 0.0501). Notably, marginal recurrences around the planning target volume (PTV) were only noted in four CT group patients. CONCLUSION: PET/CT simulation was useful for delineating an accurate clinical target volume (CTV) of pharyngeal cancer, and its clinical results were satisfactory.


Sujet(s)
Tumeurs du pharynx/imagerie diagnostique , Tumeurs du pharynx/radiothérapie , Tomographie par émission de positons couplée à la tomodensitométrie/méthodes , Radiothérapie conformationnelle avec modulation d'intensité/méthodes , Tomodensitométrie/méthodes , Adolescent , Adulte , Sujet âgé , Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus , Chimioradiothérapie , Femelle , Fluorodésoxyglucose F18 , Humains , Mâle , Récidive tumorale locale , Tumeurs du pharynx/mortalité , Tumeurs du pharynx/thérapie , Radiopharmaceutiques , Planification de radiothérapie assistée par ordinateur , Études rétrospectives , Taux de survie , Résultat thérapeutique , Jeune adulte
8.
Int J Clin Oncol ; 18(6): 1078-84, 2013 Dec.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23179638

RÉSUMÉ

BACKGROUND: New treatment strategies for prostate cancer have recently been developed, but multiple malignancies remain a major concern. The aim of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of multiple malignancies and to analyze the risk of secondary malignancies after radiotherapy for prostate cancer. METHODS: From 2000 to 2011, 150 patients with prostate cancer were treated with curative radiotherapy in our department. Patient age range was 54-92 years (median, 70 years), and the follow-up period was 4-142 months (median, 48 months). The incidence of multiple primary cancers was compared with the estimated incidence. RESULTS: A total of 147 patients (98 %) survived more than 12 months (12-142 months; median, 48 months); 20/150 patients (13 %) died within 10 years. Cause of death was recurrent prostate cancer in 11 patients, other primary malignancies in 7 patients, and cardiovascular disease in 2 patients. Multiple primary cancers were present in 26 of 150 patients (17 %), including 16 subsequent malignancies (11 %) with latent periods of 13-83 months (median, 43 months). The subsequent non-prostate malignancies were lung cancer in 4 patients, urinary bladder or ureter cancer in 4, stomach cancer in 3, malignant lymphoma in 2, and other in 3. Analysis of the observed incidence of secondary malignancies compared with the estimated incidence in the general population revealed a higher incidence of ureter cancer and malignant lymphoma. CONCLUSION: Close attention should be paid to secondary malignancies after radiotherapy for prostate cancer, including malignancies occurring within 5 years, which could be attributable to radiotherapy.


Sujet(s)
Tumeurs primitives multiples/anatomopathologie , Tumeurs radio-induites/anatomopathologie , Seconde tumeur primitive/anatomopathologie , Tumeurs de la prostate/anatomopathologie , Sujet âgé , Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus , Femelle , Humains , Mâle , Adulte d'âge moyen , Récidive tumorale locale/radiothérapie , Stadification tumorale , Tumeurs primitives multiples/radiothérapie , Tumeurs de la prostate/radiothérapie , Radiothérapie/effets indésirables , Facteurs de risque
9.
J Nanosci Nanotechnol ; 2(3-4): 343-9, 2002.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12908261

RÉSUMÉ

The single-electron circuit and nanostructure described in this paper are designed for stochastic associative processing, which is an expanded version of ordinary associative memory processing. In stochastic associative processing, the association probability of each stored pattern depends on the similarity between the stored pattern and the input pattern. Such unique processing is useful for sequential stochastic association and for clustering for vector quantization. Conventional single-electron circuits operate only at very low temperature for practical junction capacitance (i.e., 30 K for 0.1 aF) because the charging energy in these circuits is directly related to the tunnel junction capacitance. Our multi-nano-dot circuit and structure operate at room temperature with a junction capacitance around 0.1 aF through tunneling processes assisted by thermal noise. We analyze the operation of this circuit in detail and propose for it a stochastic associative processing operation, where the detection timing of the electron position controls the association probability distribution.


Sujet(s)
Électronique/instrumentation , Modèles théoriques , Nanotechnologie/instrumentation , Traitement du signal assisté par ordinateur/instrumentation , Processus stochastiques , Simulation numérique , Méthodologies informatiques , Cristallisation/méthodes , Capacité électrique , Impédance électrique , Électrochimie/instrumentation , Électrochimie/méthodes , Électronique/méthodes , Conception d'appareillage , Études de faisabilité , Mémorisation et recherche des informations/méthodes , Nanotechnologie/méthodes , Température
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