Exploring self-care practices and health beliefs among men in the context of emerging infectious diseases: Lessons from the Mpox pandemic in Brazil.

Our goal was to explore self-care practices among men who have sex with men in the context of Mpox in Brazil. This study used qualitative research methods, including interviews and thematic analysis, to collect and analyze data from male participants across the Brazilian territory. The narratives unveil men's perspectives on self-care, risk reduction, and health beliefs during the Mpox pandemic. Our findings highlight a multifaceted approach to self-care among men, encompassing hygiene, physical contact management, mask usage, skin lesion vigilance, and adherence to official guidelines. Men's attitudes toward sexual behaviors emphasize the importance of reducing sexual partners, practicing safe sex, and combating misinformation through accurate information dissemination. The development of these behaviors and self-care practices can be facilitated by nurses guided by Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Theory, supported by patient-centered care, with strategies to address and confront the stigma associated with the disease and provide emotional support. Thus, the study underscores the pivotal role of self-care in mitigating infection risks, especially in the context of emerging infectious diseases. It acknowledges the impact of socio-cultural factors and healthcare policies on men's preventive measures. However, it also recognizes limitations, such as potential bias due to stigma concerns and a nonrepresentative sample. Ultimately, the research advocates for tailored education, promotion of gender equity, and healthcare empowerment to effectively manage health risks in such contexts.

Involuntary Admission From the Perspective of RNs and Nursing Assistants at a Mental Health Facility.

The current qualitative research study was performed in a psychiatric hospital in São Paulo, Brazil. The study aimed to identify RNs' and nursing assistants' (NAs) (N = 21) knowledge regarding different types of admission to psychiatric hospitals established by Brazilian legislation. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed through content analysis resulting in the following theme: Gaps in the Knowledge of RNs and NAs Regarding the Rules for Admission; and five subthemes: voluntary admission and the requirement of having a responsible person during admission; involuntary admission occurring when the family is the one to hospitalize the patient; involuntary admission is the same as compulsory admission; is there involuntary admission?; and the role of the public attorney in involuntary admissions. Results showed deficits in knowledge about the different types of admissions to psychiatric hospitals. Therefore, policies to promote awareness of the legal framework concerning psychiatric treatment should be developed to enable mental health nurses to support patients' autonomy during involuntary admissions. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 61(8), 42-50.].

Ethical issues in hospital clients' satisfaction: a Brazilian perspective.

BACKGROUND: Health institutions can be considered as complex organizations because they need to be prepared to receive and satisfy patients. This clientele differs from other organizations because the use of hospital services is not a matter of choice. Another motive for this difference is that, most often, the patients do not determine what services and products they will use during their stay. Although they are the clients, usually, health professionals decide which service or product they will consume. Hence, nursing care delivery based on competence, efficiency and ethics represents a challenge. OBJECTIVE: This critical reflection is meant to draw attention to the relevance of the ethical aspects of nurses' actions involving patients' satisfaction with nursing care. RESEARCH DESIGN: This paper highlights the responsibility of nurses to develop ethical actions in their commitment to manage and provide care with quality, commitment and efficiency. FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION: Possibilities of actions needed emerged from this discussion, such as the provision of reliable and updated information to clients, respect for standards, routines of care, exams and others, as well as clients' education, in order to further their involvement and participation in decisions concerning the care planned for them. CONCLUSION: The adoption of this paradigm entails a change in the performance of nurses' management and care roles, which may have to observe attitudes previously disregarded in most services provided.

Spirituality and post-graduate students' attitudes towards blood donation.

College students have become more representative as blood donors, mainly to help other people. This study ascertained the association between spirituality and adherence or intention to donate blood in post-graduate students. In this quantitative and cross-sectional study, participants were 281 students from a post-graduate programme at a Brazilian public university. After complying with ethical requirements, data were collected through a questionnaire for sociodemographic characterization and identification of blood donation practices, followed by the Spiritual Well-Being Scale. Descriptive statistics and parametric tests were used for data analysis. A total of 74% of the participants were female and 26% were male. Previous experience and/or intention to donate blood were found in 75.3%; 14.3% donated blood periodically. In addition, 12.2% were not adept to donation and 12.5% were inapt. Spiritual Well-Being scores were similar between individuals who are not adept and those who donate periodically. In conclusion, in the sample, spirituality and blood donation are not associated, but spiritual well-being and gender are. To enhance blood donation, further research is needed.

Human rights of drug users according to public health professionals in Brazil.

Health is a basic human right, and drug use represents a severe influence on people's health. This qualitative study aimed to understand how health professionals in a public health-care team working with drug users in a city of the state of São Paulo, Brazil, perceive the human rights of these users and how these rights are being respected in health care. Data were collected through semistructured interviews with 10 health professionals at the service under analysis. A thematic analysis of the interviews reveals the professionals' difficulty to define the concept of human right and contextualize these rights in their work environment. A deeper understanding of the right to health, however, represents an important premise for a more humanized care practice in health services to drug users.

Psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the Depressive Cognition Scale in Brazilian adults with diabetes mellitus.

Identifying depressive cognitions in Brazilians with diabetes can be important step to prevent the development of clinical depression, which is negatively associated with diabetes self-management. This study focused on the psychometric testing of the Portuguese version of the Depressive Cognition Scale, the Escala Cognitiva de Depressão (ECD), among 82 Brazilian adults with diabetes mellitus. The questionnaire was assessed for internal consistency, homogeneity, and construct validity using factor analysis and convergent validity assessment with the Portuguese version of the Beck Depression Inventory, the Inventário de Depressão Beck (IDB). Cronbach's alpha for the ECD was .88. The homogeneity of the instrument was supported by item-to-total correlations between .30 and .70. Factor extraction generated only one factor with eigenvalues greater than 1, which is consistent with the English version. The ECD's total score had a weak but significant correlation with the IDB's total score (r = .24, p < .05), indicating convergent validity. Evidence for the reliability and construct validity of the ECD was provided by this study. This scale has the potential to become a useful screening tool for depressive cognitions among Brazilians with diabetes.

Cross-cultural equivalence and psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the Depressive Cognition Scale.

There is a great need for researchers to have access to reliable and valid research instruments in their own language to measure a concept of interest or concern. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine semantic equivalency and psychometric properties of the Depressive Cognition Scale (DCS) in a Brazilian sample of diabetics. Back-translation and field testing methodology was used to determine the DCS semantic equivalency and psychometric properties. A convenience sample of 40 bilingual Brazilian adults was used to conduct the field testing of the scale. The findings suggested that the translation of the DCS was adequate and initial estimates of internal consistency and construct validity were adequate for both the DCS and its Portuguese version. Psychometric testing of the Portuguese language version of the DCS in this small sample appears to have sufficient reliability and validity for use in examining depressive cognitions in Brazilian adults. Further psychometric testing of the Portuguese version of the DCS in a larger Portuguese-speaking sample with diabetes is recommended.

O esperado e o praticado pelo enfermeiro em relacao a lideranca no ambiente hospitalar: visao do atendente de enfermagem / Expected and Delivered Behavior of Nurses Regarding Leadership in Hospital Settings - the View of Nurses Aids

Partindo da compreensao de que o trabalho profissional do enfermeiro tem privilegiado o exercicio administrativo, e que esta administracao pressupoe o uso de lideranca, o objetivo dos autores nesta pesquisa foi verificar e analisar, a luz das teorias Grid, o esperado e o praticado pelo enfermeiro em relacao a lideranca na visao do atendente de enfermagem. O trabalho foi realizado em quatro unidades de internacao de um hospital-escola. A coleta de dados se processou atraves da aplicacao de instrumentos denominados Instrumento Grid & Lideranca em Enfermagem, de Trevizan, os quais destinam-se a averiguar os comportamentos ideal e real. Os resultados indicaram que tanto em relacao ao comportamento ideal do enfermeiro, como o real, o estilo Grid 9,9 foi o que obteve o maior numero de pontos. Os autores discutem os resultados e enfatizam a necessidade do desenvolvimento de lideranca na enfermagem