Application of 3.0T multiparametric MRI in the diagnosis of prostate cancer / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To analyze the features and diagnostic value of 3.0T multiparametric MRI for prostate cancer(PCa).Methods The clinical and MRI data of 48 patients with PCa and 52 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)were analyzed retrospectively. All patients underwent plain MRI,DWI,DCE-MRI and MRS.Results The PCa were hyperintensity on DWI and hypointensity on ADC,respectively.There was significant difference in the ADC values between the benign and malignant lesions.DWI using the high b-value was sensitivitive to diagnosing the PCa.The distribution of the S-I T was significant difference between the two groups.The SI-T curves of the PCa were type Ⅲ in 40 cases,type Ⅱ in 5 cases and type Ⅰ in 3 cases.The SI-T curves of the BPH were type Ⅰ in 27 cases,type Ⅱ in 23 cases and type Ⅲ in 2 cases.The peak value of choline (Cho)increased and citrate (Cit)decreased on MRS.The ratio of (Cho+Cre)value/Cit value of the PCa was increased.Conclusion DWI,DCE-MRI and MRS can present the specific findings of PCa.The combining application of the three technics could increase the accuracy in diagnosing PCa.

Role of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase in acute pancreatitis / 临床肝胆病杂志

Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a critical enzyme for energy and metabolic regulation and can effectively maintain the homeostasis of energy and metabolism in cells and the body, and thus it plays an important role in both health and diseases. Current studies have shown that AMPK can regulate inflammatory response in the body through various cytokines and signaling pathways such as nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) and has become a potential therapeutic target for a variety of inflammatory diseases. In acute pancreatitis, abnormal activation of trypsin can cause the injury and necrosis of tissue cells, release various inflammatory factors including NF-κB, TNF-α, and IL-6, and induce systemic inflammatory response, leading to organ injury or acute inflammatory disease. Recent studies indicate that the activation of AMPK can alleviate the inflammatory damage of acute pancreatitis. Therefore, AMPK and its signaling pathway may become potential therapeutic targets for acute pancreatitis.

Micro?surgical Treatment of Medulla Oblongata Cavernomas / 中国医科大学学报

Objective To investigate the efficacy of micro?surgery for the treatment of medulla oblongata cavernomas. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 21 patients with cavernous hemangioma who received micro?surgical treatment. Of the 21 patients, 13 were men and 8 women,aged 22 to 63 years. The preoperative Karnofsky performance status(KPS)score was 76.5 ± 10.2. The main clinical manifestations included sensory disorder and difficulty swallowing etc. According to the location of the lesions ,the posterior transchoroidal fissure approach was employed for 16 patients;far?lateral approach,5 patients. Electrophysiological monitoring and nervous system navigation were supple?mentarily adopted in both types of surgery. Further ,KPS scoring was conducted to evaluate the patients 'quality of life. Results The medulla cav?ernous hemangioma was excised in all cases. For 17 patients with primary neurological disorders ,their symptoms were alleviated or resolved;4 pa?tients had severe symptoms and 8 presented with new clinical symptoms. A follow?up visit was conducted 8 to 97 months post?surgery(average 47.6 months). All patients were found capable of caring for themselves in daily life and performing simple or normal learning and working activities without recurrence or bleeding. The mean postoperative KPS score was 83.7 ± 15.5. Conclusion Patients with medulla cavernous hemangioma bleeding or severe symptoms should actively seek surgical treatment. Repeated bleeding is the absolute indication for surgery. Surgical skills ,elec?trophysiological monitoring,and nervous system navigation can reduce nervous system damage and protect the brainstem. The patient's quality of life is expected to significantly improve after surgery.

Application of k-carrageenan in valsartan immediate-release pellets by extrusion-spheronization / 中国药科大学学报

@#The aim of the study was to select a suitable pelletisation aid of valsartan immediate-release pellets in the extrusion process and optimized the formulation. The properties of the pellets with five excipients which were microcrystalline cellulose(MCC), low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose(L-HPC), crospovidone(PVPP), pregelatinized starch(PCS)and k-carrageenan were evaluated and compared by the single factor test. And the pelletisation aids were chosen preliminary. The properties of the pellets with MCC, L-HPC, k-carrageenan respectively were evaluated and compared and k-carrageenan was determined as the most appropriate pelletisation aid. The Box-Behnken design was employed to optimize the formulation. The optimised formulation was k-carrageenan 16. 98 g, HPMC-E5 2. 03 g, SLS 0. 26 g. The yield and aspect ratio of pellets was 91. 23% and 1. 14, respectively. And there was no significant difference between observed and predictive responses. The results showed k-carrageenan pellets owned properties of a high yield, acceptable sphericity and fast drug release.

Acute lung injury in patients with severe acute pancreatitis.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Severe acute pancreatitis can result in acute lung injury. This study aims to investigate the clinical characteristics and possible prediction index of acute lung injury in severe acute pancreatitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated 184 patients with severe acute pancreatitis admitted between April 2007 and July 2010. There were 51 patients who developed acute lung injury with a rate of 27.7% (51/184). Clinical data of the acute lung injury and non-acute lung injury patients were compared, and the characteristics of acute lung injury were also analyzed. Meanwhile, we validated a few possible prediction indexes to identify the patients at high risk for acute lung injury at the time of hospital admission. RESULTS: The severity index, hospital day, and the incidence of infectious complications were significantly higher in the acute lung injury patients than in the nonacute lung injury patients (p<0.05). The differences between the non-acute lung injury and acute lung injury groups in mortality (3% vs. 11.8%, p<0.05), operation (5.3% vs. 15.7%, p<0.05), and incidence of renal failure (15.8% vs. 33.3%, p<0.05), cardiovascular failure (3.8% vs. 15.7%, p<0.05), and pancreatic cyst (18% vs. 37.3%, p<0.05) were statistically significant. The patients with higher level of severity index score, acidosis, tachypnea, smoking history, and obesity were prone to develop acute lung injury. conclusion: Acute lung injury occurrence in patients with severe acute pancreatitis varies according to predisposing conditions and independently carries poor prognosis.

Arthrolysis and skeletal traction in treatment of knee ankylosis / 中华创伤骨科杂志

Objective To sum up a new surgical method to treat knee ankylosis with skeletal traction following arthrolysis. Methods Skeletal traction through supracondyle of femur or through patella was applied for 48 patients with knee ankylosis after dissection of both intra and extra articular adhesion and quadricepsplasty. Results The follow up period ranged from 3 to 36 months. The flexion angles of the knee joint increased 70?to 105?in 34 patients. Conclusion Skeletal traction following arthrolysis to treat knee ankylosis can prolong the length of quadriceps,increase the flexion angle of the knee joint step by step and facilitate early functional recovery after operation.