Emphysematous osteomyelitis: a rare and aggressive disease.

Emphysematous osteomyelitis is an extremely rare entity consisting of the presence of intraosseous gas that can extend to the joints and adjacent soft tissues. It is an aggressive infectious process associated with high mortality, especially in patients with risk factors such as tumors or diabetes mellitus. Because early diagnosis and immediate treatment are crucial to prevent the potentially devastating consequences of this condition, imaging tests such as computed tomography play a fundamental role in its diagnosis and management. Therefore, radiologists must be aware that intraosseous gas is a rare but alarming sign that is pathognomonic of emphysematous osteomyelitis, especially in the axial skeleton.

Afectación pulmonar en la enfermedad de Rendu-Osler-Weber: diagnóstico radiológico / Pulmonary involvement in Rendu-Osler-Weber disease: radiological diagnosis

La telangiectasia hemorrágica hereditaria (THH) o síndrome de Rendu-Osler-Weber es un trastorno sistémico infrecuente,con transmisión autosómica dominante, asociado con malformaciones vasculares pulmonares. Los síntomas más comunesincluyen telangiectasias cutáneas y mucosas, epistaxis, hemorragias gastrointestinales, pulmonares e intracerebrales. Sudiagnóstico clínico se realiza mediante los criterios de Curaçao, siendo fundamentales las pruebas de imagen tales como latomografía computarizada (TC) de tórax para el diagnóstico de las malformaciones arteriovenosas pulmonares. El tratamientoincluye medidas para el manejo de la epistaxis, así como escisión quirúrgica, radioterapia y embolización de malformacionesarteriovenosas, con énfasis en el tratamiento endovascular.(AU)

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT), or Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome, is a rare disorder, autosomal dominant,that is closely linked to the development of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations. Most common symptoms include skin andmucosal telangiectasias, epistaxis, gastrointestinal, pulmonary and intracerebral bleeding. It clinical diagnosis is performedusing the Curaçao criteria, and imaging tests such as chest computed tomography (CT) are essential for the diagnosis of pul-monary arteriovenous malformations. Treatment includes measures for management of epistaxis, as well as surgical excision,radiotherapy and embolization of arteriovenous malformations, with emphasis on endovascular treatment.(AU)