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1.
Appl Radiat Isot ; 182: 110139, 2022 Apr.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35180527

RÉSUMÉ

The specific activity of air in the large open room housing the 800-MeV proton synchrotron of the ISIS Spallation Neutron and Muon Source has been measured. Air from several positions within the ISIS synchrotron room was sucked through a long flexible tube, and run past a shielded HPGe gamma-ray detector outside the synchrotron room. In spite of an expectation that 13N should be the largest component of the overall activity in the air, the results of the measurements are consistent with the presence in the air of 11C and 41Ar only, and suggest that the activity in the air is mostly created not in the synchrotron room itself but in the massive shielding monoliths around the neutron-producing targets, monoliths through which ventilation air is drawn into the synchrotron room. Typical specific activities of 11C and 41Ar in the air in the synchrotron room are ∼0.10 and ∼0.03 Bq cm-3 respectively, the upper limit for 13N being at most ∼0.01 Bq cm-3.


Sujet(s)
Polluants atmosphériques radioactifs/analyse , Radio-isotopes de l'azote/analyse , Synchrotrons , Argon/analyse , Isotopes du carbone/analyse , Protons
2.
Soft Matter ; 13(40): 7406-7411, 2017 Oct 18.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28959807

RÉSUMÉ

Self-assembly of block copolymers (BCPs) provides an attractive nanolithography approach, which looks especially promising for fabrication of regular structures with characteristic sizes below 10 nm. Nevertheless, directed self-assembly (DSA) and pattern transfer for BCPs with such small features remain to be a challenge. Here we demonstrate DSA of the maltoheptaose-block-polystyrene (MH1,2k-b-PS4,5k) BCP system using graphoepitaxy. BCP thin films were self-organized by solvent vapor annealing in tetrahydrofuran (THF) and water into sub-10 nm scale cylinders of the maltoheptaose (MH) block oriented horizontally or perpendicularly to the surface in a polystyrene (PS) matrix. The guiding patterns for graphoepitaxy were made by the electron beam lithography (EBL) and lift-off process with the distance gradually varying between 0 and 200 nm. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) investigation of MH1,2k-b-PS4,5k BCP DSA patterns revealed good ordering of vertical and horizontal cylindrical MH arrays for DSA lines with 150-200 nm separation. Reactive ion etching (RIE) of MH1,2k and PS4,5k thin films in O2 and CF4 plasma showed up to 14 times higher etch rate of MH compared to PS. These results indicate that MH1,2k-b-PS4,5k is a promising BCP for nanolithographic applications below 10 nm.

3.
Int Arch Allergy Immunol ; 162(1): 50-7, 2013.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23816701

RÉSUMÉ

BACKGROUND: Wheat is a common food causing allergy which has implications on the quality of life. The diagnosis of IgE-mediated wheat allergy is based on the clinical history and presence of IgE antibodies (IgE-Ab) in skin or blood, and the results of an oral food challenge which is time consuming and associated with risks. An improved diagnostic workup is needed for wheat allergy. The objective was to examine the relationship between wheat challenge, CD-sens and IgE-Ab to related allergens in wheat-allergic children and investigate if a combination of different markers could enhance the prediction of challenge outcome. METHOD: Twenty-four children (aged 1-15 years) with a wheat allergy diagnosis underwent an open wheat challenge. CD-sens and IgE-Ab to wheat, hydrolyzed wheat protein (HWP), ω-5 gliadin and timothy grass were analyzed and related to the challenge outcome. RESULTS: A positive challenge was seen in 12/24 children. Children reacting to the challenge had higher IgE-Ab concentrations to wheat, ω-5 gliadin and HWP (p < 0.01) and a tendency to higher wheat CD-sens values (p = 0.08) than nonreacting children. Combining wheat CD-sens >150 and IgE-Ab to wheat >20 kUA/l, or ω-5 gliadin >0.1 kUA/l predicted the challenge outcome in 83% of the patients. Most children with IgE-Ab to wheat also had IgE-Ab to timothy. Seven of 9 challenge-positive children had a positive CD-sens to HWP and IgE-Ab to HWP >8 kUA/l. CONCLUSION: Combining CD-sens and IgE-Ab to wheat or wheat components could be useful in the diagnosis and follow-up of wheat-allergic children.


Sujet(s)
Allergènes/immunologie , Granulocytes basophiles/immunologie , Gliadine/immunologie , Immunoglobuline E/sang , Phleum/immunologie , Hypersensibilité au blé , Adolescent , Marqueurs biologiques/sang , Tests de provocation bronchique , Enfant , Enfant d'âge préscolaire , Femelle , Humains , Nourrisson , Mâle , Valeur prédictive des tests , Jeune adulte
4.
Acta Paediatr ; 101(5): 501-6, 2012 May.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22211811

RÉSUMÉ

AIM: To determine the reliability of the disabled children's quality-of-life measure (DISABKIDS) chronic generic questionnaire and diabetes module in children. The questionnaire is being evaluated for repeated routine health-related quality-of-life (HrQoL) assessment and in association with the Swedish national paediatric diabetes registry (Swediabkids), which is a tool for regular clinical use. METHODS: Children and parents completed the questionnaire during a routine visit to the diabetes clinic. In total, 120 families completed the test and retest. Split-half reliability correlation and intraclass correlation (ICC) coefficients were calculated. Bland & Altman plots were calculated on the generic HRQoL domain. RESULTS: Both child and parent versions showed good internal consistency. Test-retest ICC coefficients for the generic HrQoL module were 0.913 for the children and 0.820 for the parent version. All generic domains independently showed good reliability. The diabetes module had a score of 0.855 for children and 0.823 for parents. Split-half correlation for generic and diabetes modules was 0.930 and 0.848 for children, 0.953 and 0.903 for parents. Bland and Altman plots showed substantial agreement between the two administrations for both children and parents. CONCLUSION: The DISABKIDS questionnaire is a reliable instrument for the repeated measurements of HrQoL in children with diabetes.


Sujet(s)
Diabète , Enfants handicapés , Qualité de vie , Enquêtes et questionnaires , Adolescent , Enfant , Diabète/diagnostic , Femelle , Humains , Mâle , Reproductibilité des résultats , Suède
5.
Diabetologia ; 54(3): 634-40, 2011 Mar.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21116604

RÉSUMÉ

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The aim of this study was to investigate the safety and efficacy of alum formulated glutamic acid decarboxylase GAD(65) (GAD-alum) treatment of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes after 4 years of follow-up. METHODS: Seventy children and adolescents aged 10-18 years with recent onset type 1 diabetes participated in a phase II, double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled clinical trial. Patients identified as possible participants attended one of eight clinics in Sweden to receive information about the study and for an eligibility check, including a medical history. Participants were randomised to one of the two treatment groups and received either a subcutaneous injection of 20 µg of GAD-alum or placebo at baseline and 1 month later. The study was blinded to participants and investigators until month 30. The study was unblinded at 15 months to the sponsor and statistician in order to evaluate the data. At follow-up after 30 months there was a significant preservation of residual insulin secretion, as measured by C-peptide, in the group receiving GAD-alum compared with placebo. This was particularly evident in patients with <6 months disease duration at baseline. There were no treatment-related serious adverse events. We have now followed these patients for 4 years. Overall, 59 patients, 29 who had been treated with GAD-alum and 30 who had received placebo, gave their informed consent. RESULTS: One patient in each treatment group experienced an episode of keto-acidosis between months 30 and 48. There were no treatment-related adverse events. The primary efficacy endpoint was the change in fasting C-peptide concentration from baseline to 15 months after the prime injection for all participants per protocol set. In the GAD-alum group fasting C-peptide was 0.332 ± 0.032 nmol/l at day 1 and 0.215 ± 0.031 nmol/l at month 15. The corresponding figures for the placebo group were 0.354 ± 0.039 and 0.184 ± 0.033 nmol/l, respectively. The decline in fasting C-peptide levels between day 1 and month 1, was smaller in the GAD-alum group than the placebo group. The difference between the treatment groups was not statistically significant. In those patients who were treated within 6 months of diabetes diagnosis, fasting C-peptide had decreased significantly less in the GAD-alum group than in the placebo-treated group after 4 years. CONCLUSION/INTERPRETATION: Four years after treatment with GAD-alum, children and adolescents with recent-onset type 1 diabetes continue to show no adverse events and possibly to show clinically relevant preservation of C-peptide. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00435981 FUNDING: The study was funded by The Swedish Research Council K2008-55X-20652-01-3, Barndiabetesfonden (The Swedish Child Diabetes Foundation), the Research Council of Southeast Sweden, and an unrestricted grant from Diamyd Medical AB.


Sujet(s)
Diabète de type 1/traitement médicamenteux , Glutamate decarboxylase/usage thérapeutique , Adolescent , Peptide C/métabolisme , Enfant , Diabète de type 1/métabolisme , Méthode en double aveugle , Femelle , Glutamate decarboxylase/effets indésirables , Humains , Mâle , Résultat thérapeutique
6.
Cell Tissue Res ; 322(2): 207-15, 2005 Nov.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16044321

RÉSUMÉ

Free fatty acids (FFA) have generally been proposed to regulate pancreatic insulin release by an intracellular mechanism involving inhibition of CPT-1. The recently de-orphanized G-protein coupled receptor, FFA(1)R/GPR40, has been shown to be essential for fatty-acid-stimulated insulin release in MIN6 mouse insulinoma cells. The CPT-1 inhibitor, 2-bromo palmitate (2BrP), was investigated for its ability to interact with mouse FFA(1)R/GPR40. It was found to inhibit phosphatidyl inositol hydrolysis induced by linoleic acid (LA) (100 muM in all experiments) in HEK293 cells transfected with FFA(1)R/GPR40 and in the MIN6 subclone, MIN6c4. 2BrP also inhibited LA-stimulated insulin release from mouse pancreatic islets. Mouse islets were subjected to antisense intervention by treatment with a FFA(1)R/GPR40-specific morpholino oligonucleotide for 48 h. Antisense treatment of islets suppressed LA-stimulated insulin release by 50% and by almost 100% when islets were pretreated with LA for 30 min before applying the antisense. Antisense treatment had no effect on tolbutamide-stimulated insulin release. Confocal microscopy using an FFA(1)R/GPR40-specific antibody revealed receptor expression largely localized to the plasma membrane of insulin-producing cells. Pretreating the islets with LA for 30 min followed by antisense oligonucleotide treatment for 48 h reduced the FFA(1)R/GPR40 immunoreactivity to background levels. The results demonstrate that FFA(1)R/GPR40 is inhibited by the CPT-1 inhibitor, 2BrP, and confirm that FFA(1)R/GPR40 is indeed necessary, at least in part, for fatty-acid-stimulated insulin release.


Sujet(s)
Acides gras/métabolisme , Insuline/métabolisme , Récepteurs couplés aux protéines G/métabolisme , Animaux , Lignée cellulaire , Femelle , Humains , Hypoglycémiants/métabolisme , Sécrétion d'insuline , Ilots pancréatiques/cytologie , Ilots pancréatiques/métabolisme , Acide linoléique/métabolisme , Souris , Oligonucléotides antisens/métabolisme , Palmitates/métabolisme , Phosphatidyl inositols/métabolisme , Récepteurs couplés aux protéines G/génétique
7.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev ; (3): CD001878, 2004.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15266458

RÉSUMÉ

BACKGROUND: Non-invasive physical treatments are often used to treat common types of chronic/recurrent headache. OBJECTIVES: To quantify and compare the magnitude of short- and long-term effects of non-invasive physical treatments for chronic/recurrent headaches. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the following databases from their inception to November 2002: MEDLINE, EMBASE, BIOSIS, CINAHL, Science Citation Index, Dissertation Abstracts, CENTRAL, and the Specialised Register of the Cochrane Pain, Palliative Care and Supportive Care review group. Selected complementary medicine reference systems were searched as well. We also performed citation tracking and hand searching of potentially relevant journals. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included randomized and quasi-randomized controlled trials comparing non-invasive physical treatments for chronic/recurrent headaches to any type of control. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two independent reviewers abstracted trial information and scored trials for methodological quality. Outcomes data were standardized into percentage point and effect size scores wherever possible. The strength of the evidence of effectiveness was assessed using pre-specified rules. MAIN RESULTS: Twenty-two studies with a total of 2628 patients (age 12 to 78 years) met the inclusion criteria. Five types of headache were studied: migraine, tension-type, cervicogenic, a mix of migraine and tension-type, and post-traumatic headache. Ten studies had methodological quality scores of 50 or more (out of a possible 100 points), but many limitations were identified. We were unable to pool data because of study heterogeneity. For the prophylactic treatment of migraine headache, there is evidence that spinal manipulation may be an effective treatment option with a short-term effect similar to that of a commonly used, effective drug (amitriptyline). Other possible treatment options with weaker evidence of effectiveness are pulsating electromagnetic fields and a combination of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation [TENS] and electrical neurotransmitter modulation. For the prophylactic treatment of chronic tension-type headache, amitriptyline is more effective than spinal manipulation during treatment. However, spinal manipulation is superior in the short term after cessation of both treatments. Other possible treatment options with weaker evidence of effectiveness are therapeutic touch; cranial electrotherapy; a combination of TENS and electrical neurotransmitter modulation; and a regimen of auto-massage, TENS, and stretching. For episodic tension-type headache, there is evidence that adding spinal manipulation to massage is not effective. For the prophylactic treatment of cervicogenic headache, there is evidence that both neck exercise (low-intensity endurance training) and spinal manipulation are effective in the short and long term when compared to no treatment. There is also evidence that spinal manipulation is effective in the short term when compared to massage or placebo spinal manipulation, and weaker evidence when compared to spinal mobilization. There is weaker evidence that spinal mobilization is more effective in the short term than cold packs in the treatment of post-traumatic headache. REVIEWERS' CONCLUSIONS: A few non-invasive physical treatments may be effective as prophylactic treatments for chronic/recurrent headaches. Based on trial results, these treatments appear to be associated with little risk of serious adverse effects. The clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of non-invasive physical treatments require further research using scientifically rigorous methods. The heterogeneity of the studies included in this review means that the results of a few additional high-quality trials in the future could easily change the conclusions of our review.


Sujet(s)
Techniques d'exercices physiques , Céphalées/thérapie , Céphalée/thérapie , Techniques de physiothérapie , Maladie chronique , Humains , Récidive
8.
J Manipulative Physiol Ther ; 24(9): 552-5, 2001.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11753327

RÉSUMÉ

BACKGROUND: It has generally been assumed that spinal manipulation has the biomechanical effect of increasing spinal range of motion. Past research has shown that there are likely no lasting changes to passive range of motion, and it is unclear whether there is an increase in active range of motion after manipulation. OBJECTIVE: To study changes in active cervical range of motion after spinal manipulation of the cervical spine. DESIGN: A double-blind randomized controlled trial at the outpatient clinic Phillip Chiropractic Research Centre, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia. METHODS: One hundred five patients with cervicogenic headache were randomized into 2 groups. After a baseline observation period, Group 2 received manipulation (toggle recoil) to the cervical spine, whereas Group 1 received sham manipulation. In the next trial phase, Group 1 received manipulation, whereas Group 2 received no treatment. This was followed by the final trial phase, in which Group 2 received sham manipulation and Group 1 received no treatment. After each trial phase, active range of cervical motion was measured with a strap-on head goniometer by 2 blinded examiners. RESULTS: After receiving spinal manipulation, active range of motion in the cervical spine increased significantly (P < .0006) in Group 2 compared with Group 1, and this difference between the treatment groups disappeared after the third trial phase in which Group 1 also received manipulation, as expected. CONCLUSION: Spinal manipulation of the cervical spine increases active range of motion.


Sujet(s)
Vertèbres cervicales/physiologie , Céphalée/thérapie , Manipulation vertébrale/méthodes , Amplitude articulaire , Adulte , Méthode en double aveugle , Femelle , Humains , Mâle
9.
Hum Genet ; 109(5): 551-8, 2001 Nov.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11735031

RÉSUMÉ

Dyschondrosteosis (DCO; also called Léri-Weill syndrome) is a skeletal dysplasia characterised by disproportionate short stature because of mesomelic shortening of the limbs. Madelung deformity is a feature of DCO that is distinctive, variable in expressivity and frequently observed. Mutations of the SHOX (short stature homeobox-containing) gene have been previously described as causative in DCO. Isolated Madelung deformity (IMD) without the clinical characteristics of DCO has also been described in sporadic and a few familial cases but the genetic defect underlying IMD is unknown. In this study, we have examined 28 probands with DCO and seven probands with IMD for mutations in the SHOX gene by using polymorphic CA-repeat analysis, fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH), Southern blotting, direct sequencing and fibre-FISH analyses. This was combined with auxological examination of the probands and their family members. Evaluation of the auxological data showed a wide intra- and interfamilial phenotype variability in DCO. Out of 28 DCO probands, 22 (79%) were shown to have mutations in the SHOX gene. Sixteen unrelated DCO families had SHOX gene deletions. Four novel DCO-associated mutations were found in different families. In two additional DCO families, the previously described nonsense mutation (Arg195Stop) was detected. We conclude that mutations in the SHOX gene are the major factor in the pathogenesis of DCO. In a female proband with severe IMD and her unaffected sister, we detected an intrachromosomal duplication of the SHOX gene.


Sujet(s)
Taille/génétique , Gènes homéotiques , Protéines à homéodomaine/génétique , Ostéochondrodysplasies/génétique , Technique de Southern , Humains , Hybridation fluorescente in situ , Phénotype , Réaction de polymérisation en chaîne , Protéine homéotique associée à la petite taille , Syndrome
10.
Environ Sci Technol ; 35(20): 4001-6, 2001 Oct 15.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11686359

RÉSUMÉ

Colloidal organic particles constitute the dominant portion of particulate organic matter in surface seawater, but their influence on the phase speciation and bioavailability of hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs) is sparsely evaluated. Studies on colloid-water partitioning have been focused on other regimes and have largely been performed on chemically defined subportions of total colloids such as the humic fraction. Available estimates of colloid-water partition coefficients (Kcoc) are highly variable and not easily explained by regularly applied Kow-Koc relationships. Here, pyrene was partitioned to bulk natural colloids isolated using cross-flow ultrafiltration techniques from the surface water of a coastal bay. A key objective was to elucidate biogeochemical controls on the changing colloid-sorbent qualities over the course of the dynamic allochtonous-autochtonous transition of a well-constrained boreal coastal spring bloom. The pyrene Kcoc was found to decrease from 12.9+/-0.9 x 10(3) Lw/kg(oc) in the terrestrial runoff dominated regime to values around 2.9+/-0.7 x 10(3) Lw/kg(oc), once phytoplankton production became the governing source of organic matter to the surface waters. The changing Kcoc was well correlated with the molar extinction coefficient at 280 nm of the colloidal organic carbon. This study supports other reports of an improved prediction of HOC phase speciation through this simple molecular proxy of the "quality" of organic sorbents. While being poor sorbents on a carbon atom basis, relative to soils and sediments, coastal marine colloids, by their shear abundance, may significantly attenuate the truly dissolved exposures of HOCs with log Kow above 5.


Sujet(s)
Eutrophisation , Pyrènes/composition chimique , Polluants de l'eau/analyse , Absorption , Biodisponibilité , Colloïdes , Prévision , Composés chimiques organiques , Pyrènes/analyse
11.
J Environ Manage ; 62(4): 415-27, 2001 Aug.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11505767

RÉSUMÉ

In developing countries, planning in the forestry sector has been seen as an appropriate instrument to prepare and implement government policies and programs. Despite its potential and recent advancements in, for example, remote sensing and infrastructure, tropical forest land-use planning is often formal and non-integrated with agriculture. It rarely involves all legitimate stakeholders and neglects taking into account actual land-use. The socio-economic and environmental consequences of these shortcomings emphasise the need for alternative ways of approaching planning. This article summarises the idea, structure and current status of the Area Production Model (APM), originally developed in the 1980s, which is now gaining interest as a land-use planning tool in Africa and Asia. It describes the development over time of production and consumption in agriculture and forestry within a defined geographical area operating under different assumptions on management, land use and socio-economic and macro-economic changes. From a narrow perspective, the APM is a fairly simple computerised tool for generating scenarios. In a broad sense, it is a concept comprising the whole planning process including organisation, inventory, data analysis, consensus building and strategy. A case-study in Laos, based on verified data for a historical period of 45 years, and a review of different APM applications in the world over the last 15 years are presented as a base for conclusions about its potential and shortcomings. In some cases where the APM concept was used in training courses and planning exercises involving stakeholders, it generated a strong interest in collecting and analysing relevant information. It provides the means of addressing a number of shortcomings in current planning.


Sujet(s)
Conservation des ressources naturelles , Pays en voie de développement , Modèles théoriques , Arbres , Économie , Prévision , Géographie , Laos , Processus politique , Politique publique , Conditions sociales
13.
Genet Res ; 77(1): 61-6, 2001 Feb.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11279831

RÉSUMÉ

The possibility of using linkage disequilibrium mapping in natural plant populations was assessed. In studying linkage disequilibrium among 137 mapped AFLP markers in four populations of sea beet (Beta vulgaris ssp. maritima (L.) Arcang.) it was shown that tightly linked loci could be detected by screening for associations. It was hypothesized that the short distances spanned by linkage disequilibrium enable markers that are very tightly linked to a target gene to be identified. The hypothesis was tested by whole-genome screening of AFLP markers for association with the gene for the annual growth habit, the B gene, in a sample of 106 sea beets. Despite the dominant nature of AFLP, two markers showing significant linkage disequilibrium with the B gene were detected. The results indicate the potential use of linkage disequilibrium for gene mapping in natural plant populations.


Sujet(s)
Chenopodiaceae/génétique , Gènes de plante , Marqueurs génétiques , Déséquilibre de liaison , Polymorphisme génétique , Allèles , Cartographie chromosomique , Liaison génétique , Modèles génétiques , Statistiques comme sujet
14.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun ; 279(2): 520-5, 2000 Dec 20.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11118319

RÉSUMÉ

The leukotriene B(4) receptor (BLTR) is a seven-transmembrane chemoattractant receptor that is important in pro-inflammatory responses. We have produced the first widely applicable monoclonal antibodies against the human BLTR and confirmed the antibody specificity using flow cytometric analysis of three different cell lines stably expressing the recombinant receptor. The antibodies did not cross-react with the recently cloned second LTB(4) receptor, BLTR2, or the Cys LT1 and Cys LT2 receptors. Functional analysis in combination with two-color flow cytometry showed that the BLTR antibodies bind to cells that are activated by LTB(4). The antibodies were shown to recognize BLTR in cell ELISA and immunocytochemistry. Endogenous expression of BLTR in CD15-positive blood leukocytes and in differentiated HL-60 cells was also demonstrated with the antibodies.


Sujet(s)
Anticorps monoclonaux , Récepteurs aux leucotriènes B4/analyse , Récepteurs aux leucotriènes B4/immunologie , Cellules 3T3 , Animaux , Spécificité des anticorps , Cytométrie en flux , Gènes rapporteurs , Cellules HeLa , Humains , Immunohistochimie , Souris , Récepteurs aux leucotriènes B4/génétique , Protéines recombinantes/analyse , Protéines recombinantes/immunologie , Transfection
15.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun ; 274(2): 383-8, 2000 Aug 02.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10913347

RÉSUMÉ

The genomic region containing the genes encoding the first leukotriene B(4) receptor, BLTR, as well as the recently cloned second leukotriene B(4)-activated receptor, BLTR2, was mapped by (a) sequence analysis of a human bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library containing a 15-kb segment corresponding to chromosome 14q11. 2-12 where the BLTR/BLTR2 genes were previously shown to be located, together with (b) sequence analysis of 83 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from this region. The BLTR gene includes four different 5' untranslated regions (UTRs) and a mutual acceptor site for the exon containing the intronless open reading frame. The BLTR2 gene is intronless and overlapped by a 5' UTR splice version of BLTR and, on the reverse strand, of the apoptosis-related CIDE-B gene. This indicates a complex posttranscriptional gene regulation. Further adding to the complexity of the region is evidence of a fourth putative and novel gene, most homologous to the rat adenylyl cyclase IV gene.


Sujet(s)
Chromosomes humains de la paire 14/génétique , Cartographie physique de chromosome , Récepteurs aux leucotriènes B4/génétique , Régions 3' non traduites/génétique , Régions 5' non traduites/génétique , Épissage alternatif/génétique , Protéines régulatrices de l'apoptose , Chromosomes de bactérie/génétique , ADN complémentaire/analyse , ADN complémentaire/génétique , Étiquettes de séquences exprimées , Banque génomique , Humains , Protéines/génétique , Cartographie de restriction , Analyse de séquence d'ADN
16.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun ; 274(2): 377-82, 2000 Aug 02.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10913346

RÉSUMÉ

By homology screening using BLAST searches of expressed sequence tags (ESTs), we have found a previously unidentified cDNA encoding a putative seven-transmembrane receptor with highest similarity to the leukotriene B(4) receptor, BLTR. Analysis of calcium flow in transfected cells, along with sequence analysis, revealed that the EST encoded a functionally inactive protein, lacking the segment corresponding to the C-terminal part of the putative receptor protein. The missing segment was obtained by PCR amplification of a human leukocyte cDNA library and ligated to the truncated EST cDNA. The novel cDNA encodes a full-length receptor with 39% identity to the previously cloned BLTR. Studies of intracellular calcium flow of transfected HeLa cells exposed to various leukotrienes showed that also the novel BLTR-like receptor can be activated by leukotriene B(4), and it is therefore tentatively named BLTR2.


Sujet(s)
ADN complémentaire/génétique , Récepteurs aux leucotriènes B4/génétique , Récepteurs aux leucotriènes/génétique , Aequorine/génétique , Séquence d'acides aminés , Séquence nucléotidique , Technique de Northern , Calcium/métabolisme , Chromosomes humains de la paire 14/génétique , Clonage moléculaire , Étiquettes de séquences exprimées , Gènes rapporteurs , Cellules HeLa , Humains , Leucotriène B4/métabolisme , Données de séquences moléculaires , Spécificité d'organe/génétique , Phylogenèse , ARN messager/biosynthèse , Protéines de fusion recombinantes/biosynthèse , Protéines de fusion recombinantes/génétique , Alignement de séquences , Analyse de séquence d'ADN , Similitude de séquences d'acides aminés , Transfection
17.
J Chromatogr A ; 877(1-2): 167-80, 2000 Apr 28.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10845798

RÉSUMÉ

Two common fat retainers used in supercritical fluid extraction--basic alumina and the silica based adsorbent Florisil--were investigated using lard fat as model material. With a fat retainer in the extraction cell it was possible to obtain fat-free time windows. Activation by heating did not influence the length of the time windows, while deactivation of the retainers with 10% water (w/w) drastically decreased the fat retaining capabilities. The influence of modifier addition was also investigated. Finally, a method was developed, where basic alumina was utilized to selectively extract polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) from a model fat sample, containing PCBs, triglycerides and phospholipids. The PCBs could be quantitatively extracted in a totally fat-free time window.


Sujet(s)
Chromatographie/méthodes , Matières grasses/composition chimique , Polychlorobiphényles/isolement et purification
20.
Scand J Immunol ; 51(3): 279-84, 2000 Mar.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10736097

RÉSUMÉ

Negative selection is a process by which autoreactive lymphocytes are eliminated from the developing antigen receptor repertoire. The mechanisms regulating negative selection of immature B lymphocytes in the bone marrow are poorly elucidated. Human bone marrow cells were examined in order to investigate the presence of the members of the Fas (APO-1/CD95) system. Here we demonstrate the expression of Fas in immature B lymphocytes (CD10/CD19+/CD40+/sIg+), and the presence of Fas natural ligand (FasL) in CD19+ bone marrow cells. The observed expression of apoptosis-related molecules might indicate how negative selection of autoreactive B cells can occur in human bone marrow.


Sujet(s)
Sous-populations de lymphocytes B/immunologie , Sous-populations de lymphocytes B/métabolisme , Cellules de la moelle osseuse/immunologie , Cellules de la moelle osseuse/métabolisme , Glycoprotéines membranaires/biosynthèse , Antigènes CD95/biosynthèse , Antigènes CD19/biosynthèse , Apoptose/immunologie , Sous-populations de lymphocytes B/cytologie , Sous-populations de lymphocytes B/anatomopathologie , Cellules de la moelle osseuse/cytologie , Cellules de la moelle osseuse/anatomopathologie , Différenciation cellulaire/immunologie , Lignée de cellules transformées , Ligand de Fas , Humains , Ligands , Leucémie-lymphome lymphoblastique à précurseurs B/immunologie , Leucémie-lymphome lymphoblastique à précurseurs B/métabolisme , Récepteurs pour l'antigène des lymphocytes B/biosynthèse , Cellules cancéreuses en culture , Régulation positive/immunologie , Antigènes CD95/métabolisme
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