Radiologic Insertion of a Covered Esophageal Stent Using the Rendezvous Technique: A Case Report.

In this report, we present a case of a radiotherapy-induced tracheoesophageal fistula treated with the fluoroscopy-guided insertion of a covered stent through the gastrostomy route using both the antegrade and retrograde approaches. The initial antegrade endoscopic and fluoroscopic stent insertion procedure failed due to severe esophageal stricture. Compared to the endoscopic approaches, fluoroscopy-guided radiologic procedures are generally less invasive and more successful because they allow for a better understanding of the anatomy outside the lumen during the procedure and enable the use of devices with smaller diameters.

Multi-approach assessment of groundwater biogeochemistry: Implications for the site characterization of prospective spent nuclear fuel repository sites.

The disposal of spent nuclear fuel in deep subsurface repositories using multi-barrier systems is considered to be the most promising method for preventing radionuclide leakage. However, the stability of the barriers can be affected by the activities of diverse microbes in subsurface environments. Therefore, this study investigated groundwater geochemistry and microbial populations, activities, and community structures at three potential spent nuclear fuel repository construction sites. The microbial analysis involved a multi-approach including both culture-dependent, culture-independent, and sequence-based methods for a comprehensive understanding of groundwater biogeochemistry. The results from all three sites showed that geochemical properties were closely related to microbial population and activities. Total number of cells estimates were strongly correlated to high dissolved organic carbon; while the ratio of adenosine-triphosphate:total number of cells indicated substantial activities of sulfate reducing bacteria. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that the microbial communities differed across the three sites, with each featuring microbes performing distinctive functions. In addition, our multi-approach provided some intriguing findings: a site with a low relative abundance of sulfate reducing bacteria based on the 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed high populations during most probable number incubation, implying that despite their low abundance, sulfate reducing bacteria still played an important role in sulfate reduction within the groundwater. Moreover, a redundancy analysis indicated a significant correlation between uranium concentrations and microbial community compositions, which suggests a potential impact of uranium on microbial community. These findings together highlight the importance of multi-methodological assessments in better characterizing groundwater biogeochemical properties for the selection of potential spent nuclear fuel disposal sites.

TXNIP in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells ameliorates alcohol-associated liver disease via nitric oxide production.

Dysregulation of liver sinusoidal endothelial cell (LSEC) differentiation and function has been reported in alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD). Impaired nitric oxide (NO) production stimulates LSEC capillarization and dysfunction; however, the mechanism underlying NO production remains unclear. Here, we investigated the role of thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), an important regulator of redox homeostasis, in endothelial cell NO production and its subsequent effects on ALD progression. We found that hepatic TXNIP expression was upregulated in patients with ALD and in ethanol diet-fed mice with high expression in LSECs. Endothelial cell-specific Txnip deficiency (TxnipΔEC) in mice exacerbated alcohol-induced liver injury, inflammation, fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma development. Deletion of Txnip in LSECs led to sinusoidal capillarization, downregulation of NO production, and increased release of proinflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules, whereas TXNIP overexpression had the opposite effects. Mechanistically, TXNIP interacted with transforming growth factor ß-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) and subsequently suppressed the TAK1 pathway. Inhibition of TAK1 activation restored NO production and decreased the levels of proinflammatory cytokines, thereby, blocking liver injury and inflammation in TxnipΔEC mice. Our findings indicate that upregulated TXNIP expression in LSECs serves a protective role in ameliorating ALD. Enhancing TXNIP expression could, therefore, be a potential therapeutic approach for ALD.

Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia in the lungs of a wild Korean raccoon dog.

A male Korean raccoon dog of unknown age was rescued and placed at the Daejeon Wildlife Rescue Center, Korea. Physical examination revealed severe emaciation and dehydration, as well as thick crusts and alopecia over most of the body. During medical care, the animal died and was submitted for postmortem examination. Firm, brown-red lesions of various sizes were observed on the surface of the lungs. In cross-sections of the lungs, pulmonary vessels were thickened and dilated, with white irregular papillary luminal projections. Histologically, pulmonary blood vessels were severely hyperplastic, characterized by thickened dilated walls and fibrous papillary projections covered with a single layer of endothelial cells (ECs). Hyperplastic fibrous connective tissue was confirmed by Masson trichrome staining. The ECs expressed CD31. We diagnosed the lesion as intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia, a unique non-neoplastic reactive process that has not been reported previously in pulmonary vessels of canids, equids, or felids, to our knowledge.

Percutaneous creation of new bilioenteric anastomosis in a patient with accidentally failed hepaticojejunostomy.

ABSTRACT: If the cause of the bile leakage after hepaticojejunostomy is accidental non-anastomosis of one bile duct, it is unlikely that the leakage will resolve spontaneously, and reoperation may be necessary. However, if the patient has contraindications to surgery, other treatments should be considered. In this case report, we describe a new percutaneous tract creation between the isolated right bile duct and Roux-en-Y afferent jejunal loop in a patient who underwent hepaticojejunostomy, and the right bile duct was accidentally not anastomosed with the jejunal loop.

Temperature-dependent microbial reactions by indigenous microbes in bentonite under Fe(III)- and sulfate-reducing conditions.

Bentonite is a promising buffer material for constructing spent nuclear fuel (SNF) repositories. However, indigenous microbes in bentonite can be introduced to the repository and subsequent sealing of the repository develops anoxic conditions over time which may stimulate fermentation and anaerobic respiration, possibly affecting bentonite structure and SNF repository stability. Moreover, the microbial activity in the bentonite can be impacted by the heat generated from radionuclides decay. Therefore, to investigate the temperature effect on microbial activities in bentonite, we created microcosms with WRK bentonil (a commercial bentonite) using lactate as the electron donor, and sulfate and/or ferrihydrite (Fe(III)) as electron acceptors with incubation at 18 â„ƒ and 50 â„ƒ. Indigenous WRK microbes reduced sulfate and Fe(III) at both temperatures but with different rates and extents. Lactate was metabolized to acetate at both temperatures, but only to propionate at 18 â„ƒ during early-stage microbial fermentation. More Fe(III)-reduction at 18 â„ƒ but more sulfate-reduction at 50 â„ƒ was observed. Thermophilic and/or metabolically flexible microbes were involved in both fermentation and Fe(III)/sulfate reduction. Our findings illustrate the necessity of considering the influence of temperature on microbial activities when employing bentonite as an engineered buffer material in construction of SNF repository barriers.

Effects of Fe(III) (hydr)oxide mineralogy on the development of microbial communities originating from soil, surface water, groundwater, and aerosols.

Microbial Fe(III) reduction is a key component of the iron cycle in natural environments. However, the susceptibility of Fe(III) (hydr)oxides to microbial reduction varies depending on the mineral's crystallinity, and the type of Fe(III) (hydr)oxide in turn will affect the composition of the microbial community. We created microcosm reactors with microbial communities from four different sources (soil, surface water, groundwater, and aerosols), three Fe(III) (hydr)oxides (lepidocrocite, goethite, and hematite) as electron acceptors, and acetate as an electron donor to investigate the shaping effect of Fe(III) mineral type on the development of microbial communities. During a 10-month incubation, changes in microbial community composition, Fe(III) reduction, and acetate utilization were monitored. Overall, there was greater reduction of lepidocrocite than of goethite and hematite, and the development of microbial communities originating from the same source diverged when supplied with different Fe(III) (hydr)oxides. Furthermore, each Fe(III) mineral was associated with unique taxa that emerged from different sources. This study illustrates the taxonomic diversity of Fe(III)-reducing microbes from a broad range of natural environments.

Use of antegrade wire guidance for retrograde transjugular/transfemoral venous access in the treatment of dysfunctional hemodialysis access: A retrospective analysis.

BACKGROUND: Transvenous access for endovascular treatment of dysfunctional hemodialysis (HD) access can be technically difficult in the retrograde selection of the HD access. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of primary antegrade wire guidance in assisting transvenous access. METHODS: A total of 41 transvenous access procedures (17 with and 24 without antegrade wire guidance), performed between March 2019 and February 2023, were included. Electronic medical records and procedural images were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: Of the 41 procedures, 17 performed primary antegrade wire guidance (group A) and 24 did not (group B). The technical success rate was 100% in group A and 95.8% (23/24) in group B. The mean retrograde selection time was 16.7 min in group A, whereas it was 30.9 min in group B (p = 0.014). Additional intraprocedural fistulography was not performed in group A, while it was performed at an average of 1.5 times (range: 0-4) in group B (p = 0.001). One patient in group B experienced venous dissection as a minor complication; however, no major complications were observed in either of the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Using primary antegrade wire guidance in endovascular treatment of dysfunctional HD access via alternative transvenous access is safe and time-saving.

[Interventional Management for Pelvic Trauma]. / 골반 외상 ì¸í„°ë²¤ì ˜.

Traumatic pelvic injuries usually include high-energy crush injuries and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Mortality rates range from 6% to 15% and increase to 36%-54% in cases of fractures that result in increased pelvic volume. Therefore, retroperitoneal hemorrhage can spiral and progress to hemorrhagic shock. Pelvic hemorrhage most commonly occurs secondary to disrupted pelvic veins or fractured bones, and 10%-20% of cases involve arterial injuries. Owing to extensive bleeding and limitations of surgery for pelvic hemorrhage, interventional treatment is at the forefront of pelvic hemorrhage management. CT is an accurate indicator of active hemorrhage in patients with pelvic trauma that affects the diagnosis and management, including interventions. Identification of the site of hemorrhage is necessary for focused interventional treatment. The current trend toward a more conservative approach for treatment of pelvic trauma and advances in interventional radiology in the field of pelvic trauma may favor widespread use of interventional treatment for patients with pelvic injuries. In this review, we discuss therapeutic modalities available to the interventional radiologist and common angiographic treatment strategies and techniques.

Early Gait Function After Lung Transplantation in Patients With and Without Pretransplant Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Support.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the recovery of gait function, muscle strength, and the achievement of an independent gait after lung transplantation (LT) in patients with and without pretransplant extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 33 inpatients who underwent bilateral LT and received physical therapy. We assessed the Functional Ambulatory Category (FAC) and Manual Muscle Test (MMT) scores at baseline, 1 month, and 3 months of rehabilitation and the time it took to achieve a FAC score of 3 within 3 months of LT surgery in ECMO and non-ECMO patients. RESULTS: The FAC and MMT scores were generally improved during the first 3 months after LT. The number of patients who achieved a FAC score of 3 at 3 months did not significantly differ between the ECMO and non-ECMO groups (P = .193). At 1 month, significantly fewer patients had reached a FAC of 3 in the ECMO group than in the non-ECMO group (P = .042). There were no significant differences in the FAC (P = .398) and MMT scores (P = .079) at 3 months between the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS: Both groups' gait function and muscle strength were continuously restored 3 months after LT. At 1 month, the gait function was assessed by the FAC score, and the rate to achieve a FAC of 3 was higher in the non-ECMO group than in the ECMO group, but at 3 months, the difference was not significant between the 2 groups.

Estimating postsurgical outcomes of patients with a single hepatocellular carcinoma using gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI: risk scoring system development and validation.

OBJECTIVES: To develop and validate risk scoring systems using gadoxetic acid-enhanced liver MRI features and clinical factors that predict recurrence-free survival (RFS) of a single hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: Consecutive 295 patients with treatment-naïve single HCC who underwent curative surgery were retrospectively enrolled from two centers. Cox proportional hazard models developed risk scoring systems whose discriminatory powers were validated using external data and compared to the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) or American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging systems using Harrell's C-index. RESULTS: Independent variables-tumor size (per cm; hazard ratio [HR], 1.07; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02-1.13; p = 0.005), targetoid appearance (HR, 1.74; 95% CI: 1.07-2.83; p = 0.025), radiologic tumor in vein or tumor vascular invasion (HR, 2.59; 95% CI: 1.69-3.97; p < 0.001), the presence of a nonhypervascular hypointense nodule on the hepatobiliary phase (HR, 4.65; 95% CI: 3.03-7.14; p < 0.001), and pathologic macrovascular invasion (HR, 2.60; 95% CI: 1.51-4.48; p = 0.001)-with tumor markers (AFP ≥ 206 ng/mL or PIVKA-II ≥ 419 mAU/mL) derived pre- and postoperative risk scoring systems. The risk scores showed comparably good discriminatory powers in the validation set (C-index, 0.75-0.82) and outperformed the BCLC (C-index, 0.61) and AJCC staging systems (C-index, 0.58; ps < 0.05). The preoperative scoring system stratified the patients into low-, intermediate-, and high-risk for recurrence, whose 2-year recurrence rate was 3.3%, 31.8%, and 85.7%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The developed and validated pre- and postoperative risk scoring systems can estimate RFS after surgery for a single HCC. KEY POINTS: • The risk scoring systems predicted RFS better than the BCLC and AJCC staging systems (C-index, 0.75-0.82 vs. 0.58-0.61; ps < 0.05). • Five variables-tumor size, targetoid appearance, radiologic tumor in vein or vascular invasion, the presence of a nonhypervascular hypointense nodule on the hepatobiliary phase, and pathologic macrovascular invasion-combined with tumor markers derived risk scoring systems predicting postsurgical RFS for a single HCC. • In the risk scoring system using preoperatively-available factors, patients were classified into three distinct risk groups, with 2-year recurrence rates in the low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups being 3.3%, 31.8%, and 85.7% in the validation set.

Activity-Stability Trends of the Sb-SnO2@RuOx Heterostructure toward Acidic Water Oxidation.

Accomplishments of enhanced activity and durability are a major concern in the design of catalysts for acidic water oxidation. To date, most studied supported metal catalysts undergo fast degradation in strongly acidic and oxidative environments due to improper controlling of the interface stability caused by their lattice mismatches. Here, we evaluate the activity-stability trends of in situ crystallized antimony-doped tin oxide (Sb-SnO2)@RuOx (Sb-SnO2@RuOx) heterostructure nanosheets (NSs) for acidic water oxidation. The catalyst prepared by atomic layer deposition of a conformal Ru film on antimony-doped tin sulfide (Sb-SnS2) NSs followed by heat treatment highlights comparable activity but longer stability than that of the ex situ catalyst (where Ru was deposited on Sb-SnO2 followed by heating). Air calcination for in situ crystallization allows the formation of hierarchical mesoporous Sb-SnO2 NSs from as-prepared Sb-SnS2 NSs and parallel in situ transformation from Ru to RuOx, resulting in a compact heterostructure. The significance of this approach significantly resists corrosive dissolution, which is justified by the enhanced oxygen evolution reaction (OER) stability of the catalyst compared to most of the state-of-the-art ruthenium-based catalysts including Carbon@RuOx (which shows ∼10 times higher dissolution) as well as Sb-SnO2@Com. RuOx and Com. RuO2. This study demonstrates the controlled interface stability of heterostructure catalysts toward enhancing OER activity and stability.

Advanced virtual monoenergetic imaging algorithm for lower extremity computed tomography angiography: effects on image quality, artifacts, and peripheral arterial disease evaluation

PURPOSE: To investigate the image quality of lower extremity computed tomography angiography (LE-CTA) using a reconstruction algorithm for monoenergetic images (MEIs) to evaluate peripheral arterial disease (PAD) at different kiloelectron volt (keV) levels. METHODS: A total of 146 consecutive patients who underwent LE-CTA on a dual-energy scanner to obtain MEIs at 40, 50, 60, 70, and 80 keV were included. The overall image quality, segmental image quality of the arteries and PAD segments, venous contamination, and metal artifacts from prostheses, which may compromise quality, were analyzed. RESULTS: The mean overall image quality of each MEI was 2.9 ± 0.7, 3.6 ± 0.6, 3.9 ± 0.3, 4.0 ± 0.2, and 4.0 ± 0.2 from 40 to 80 keV, respectively. The segmental image quality gradually increased from 40 to 70-80 keV until reaching its highest value. Among 295 PAD segments in 68 patients, 40 (13.6%) were scored at 1-2 at 40 keV and 13 (4.4%) were scored at 2 at 50 keV, indicating unsatisfactory image quality due to the indistinguishability between high-contrast areas and arterial calcifications. The segments exhibiting metal artifacts and venous contamination were reduced at 70-80 keV (2.6 ± 1.2, 2.7 ± 0.5) compared with at 40 keV (2.4 ± 1.1, 2.5 ± 0.7). CONCLUSION: The LE-CTA method using a reconstruction algorithm for MEIs at 70-80 keV can enhance the image quality for PAD evaluation and improve mitigate venous contamination and metal artifacts.

Artificial intelligence-based iliofemoral deep venous thrombosis detection using a clinical approach.

Early diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis is essential for reducing complications, such as recurrent pulmonary embolism and venous thromboembolism. There are numerous studies on enhancing efficiency of computer-aided diagnosis, but clinical diagnostic approaches have never been considered. In this study, we evaluated the performance of an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm in the detection of iliofemoral deep venous thrombosis on computed tomography angiography of the lower extremities to investigate the effectiveness of using the clinical approach during the feature extraction process of the AI algorithm. To investigate the effectiveness of the proposed method, we created synthesized images to consider practical diagnostic procedures and applied them to the convolutional neural network-based RetinaNet model. We compared and analyzed the performances based on the model's backbone and data. The performance of the model was as follows: ResNet50: sensitivity = 0.843 (± 0.037), false positives per image = 0.608 (± 0.139); ResNet152 backbone: sensitivity = 0.839 (± 0.031), false positives per image = 0.503 (± 0.079). The results demonstrated the effectiveness of the suggested method in using computed tomography angiography of the lower extremities, and improving the reporting efficiency of the critical iliofemoral deep venous thrombosis cases.

Inhibitory effects of Hydrocotyle ramiflora on testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats.

PURPOSE: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a urogenital disorder that affects approximately 85% of males who are over 50 years of age. Hydrocotyle ramiflora (HR), belonging to Apiaceae family, is used to treat urinary system diseases such as urine retention in traditional Chinese herbal medicine. In this study, we evaluated the effects of HR in the BPH animal model. METHODS: We induced BPH in rats via subcutaneous (sc) injections of testosterone propionate (TP, 3 mg/kg). Rats were also administered HR (150 mg/kg), finasteride (10 mg/kg), or vehicle via oral gavage. After induction, prostate glands were collected, weighed, and processed for further analysis, including histopathological examination and immunohistochemistry. In addition, the mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines in prostatic tissues was determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The protein expression of pro-apoptotic markers was examined using western blotting. RESULTS: HR treatment significantly reduced the prostate weight, epithelial thickness, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression, with the levels of cleaved caspase-3 and Bcl-2-associated X (Bax) protein considerably increased compared to BPH group. HR also decreased inflammatory cell infiltration and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels compared with BPH group. Furthermore, the expression of phosphor-nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were reduced by HR treatment. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that HR suppresses the development of BPH associated with anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory effects, suggesting it is a potential alternative therapeutic agent for BPH.

IL-17A promotes Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric carcinogenesis via interactions with IL-17RC.

BACKGROUND: Gastric cancer (GC) is a common malignancy worldwide, with a major attribution to Helicobacter pylori. Interleukin (IL)-17A has been reported to be up-regulated in serum and tumor of GC patients, but the precise mechanisms underlying its involvement in gastric tumorigenesis are yet to be established. Here, we investigated the roles of IL-17A in the pathogenesis of H. pylori-induced GC. METHODS: GC was induced in IL-17A knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice via N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) treatment and H. pylori infection. At 50 weeks after treatment, gastric tissues were examined by histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and immunoblot analyses. In vitro experiments on the human GC cell lines were additionally performed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. RESULTS: Deletion of IL-17A suppressed MNU and H. pylori-induced gastric tumor development accompanied by a decrease in gastric epithelial cell growth, oxidative stress, and expression of gastric epithelial stem cells markers. In AGS cells, recombinant human IL-17A (rhIL-17A) inhibited apoptosis and G1/S phase transition arrest while promoting reactive oxygen species production, sphere formation ability of cancer stem cells (CSC), and expression of stemness-related genes. In addition, rhIL-17A induced expression of IL-17RC, leading to NF-κB activation and increased NADPH oxidase 1 (NOX1) levels. Inhibition of NOX1 with GKT136901 attenuated rhIL-17A-mediated elevation of GC cell growth, ROS generation, and CSC stemness. Clinically, IL-17RC expressions were significantly upregulated in human GC compared with normal gastric tissues. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that IL-17A promotes gastric carcinogenesis, in part, by regulating IL-17RC/NF-κB/NOX1 pathway, supporting its potential as a target in human GC therapy.

Eriochloa villosa Alleviates Progression of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in vitro and in vivo.

Introduction: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a non-neoplastic proliferative disease of the prostate. Eriochloa villosa (EV) reportedly possesses various pharmacological activities, including anti-lipase activity and modulation of various antioxidative enzymes. In this study, we investigate the therapeutic potential of EV against BPH in a testosterone-induced BPH rat model. Methods: Rats were subjected to a daily subcutaneous injection of testosterone (3 mg kg-1) for 4 weeks to induce BPH. Along with testosterone, rats in the treatment group were administered finasteride (10 mg kg-1) or EV (150 mg kg-1) via oral gavage. Prostatic cancer (LNCaP) cell line was used to examine the effect of EV. Results: Finasteride and EV significantly decrease the relative prostate weight, serum levels of dihydrotestosterone and testosterone, and prostate epithelial thickness. Testosterone injection induced prostatic hyperplasia and proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression; however, EV treatment significantly attenuated these effects. Moreover, finasteride- and EV-treated rats exhibit an increase in the number of TUNEL-positive cells and reduced Bcl-2 expression in the prostate tissues compared with the testosterone-treated animals. Furthermore, EV suppresses inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8, in the prostate tissues. Meanwhile, the expression of inflammatory mediator cyclooxygenase-2 is consistently upregulated in testosterone-treated rats, whereas EV treatment significantly reverses this effect. Notably, EV treatment suppresses malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and upregulates testosterone-induced catalase (CAT) expression. In addition, EV suppresses expression of androgen receptor (AR) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) induced by testosterone in LNCaP cells. Conclusion: The present study results suggest that EV regulates prostatic proliferation, apoptosis, response to inflammation, and oxidative stress in the BPH rat model, and may, therefore, serve as a useful therapeutic agent for BPH.

Imaging Findings of Peripheral Arterial Disease on Lower-Extremity CT Angiography Using a Virtual Monoenergetic Imaging Algorithm.

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is common in elderly patients. Lower-extremity CT angiography (LE-CTA) can be useful for detecting PAD and planning its treatment. PAD can also be accurately evaluated on reconstructed monoenergetic images (MEIs) from low kiloelectron volt (keV) to high keV images using dual-energy CT. Low keV images generally provide higher contrast than high keV images but also feature more severe image noise. The noise-reduced virtual MEI reconstruction algorithm, called the Mono+ technique, was recently introduced to overcome such image noise. Therefore, this pictorial review aimed to present the imaging findings of PAD on LE-CTA and compare low and high keV images with those subjected to the Mono+ technique. We found that, in many cases, the overall and segmental image qualities were better and metal artifacts and venous contamination were decreased in the high keV images.

Erratum to "Spontaneous renal artery thrombosis: A rare cause of acute flank pain" [Radiology Case Reports 16 (2021) 9-12].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2020.10.027.].

Percutaneous Internal Drainage in Symptomatic Renal Parapelvic Cyst Refractory to Sclerotherapy: A Case Report.

Percutaneous sclerotherapy is a safe and effective treatment for renal parapelvic cysts. However, if the cyst is in communication with the adjacent renal pelvocalyceal system, sclerotherapy is contraindicated and alternative treatment should be considered. Here, we report a case of a patient with a symptomatic renal parapelvic cyst that was treated using a novel technique involving percutaneous new tract formation between the cyst and renal pelvis.