Development and psychometric properties evaluation of nurses' innovative behaviours inventory in Iran: protocol for a sequential exploratory mixed-method study.

INTRODUCTION: Nurses' innovative behaviours play a crucial role in addressing the challenges including adapting to emerging technologies, resource limitations and social realities such as population ageing that are intricately tied to today's healthcare landscape. Innovative behaviours improve healthcare quality, patient safety and satisfaction. Organisational factors and individual attributes influence nurses' inclination to innovate. With the rise of artificial intelligence and novel technology, healthcare institutions are actively engaged in the pursuit of identifying nurses who demonstrate innovative qualities. Developing a comprehensive protocol to elucidate the various dimensions of nurses' innovative behaviours and constructing a valid measuring instrument, rooted in this protocol represents a significant step in operationalising this concept. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The study encompasses two phases: a qualitative study combined with a literature review, followed by the design and psychometric evaluation of the instrument. To ensure diversity, a maximum variation purposive sampling method will be used during the qualitative phase to select clinical nurses. In-depth semistructured interviews will be conducted and analysed using conventional content analysis. Additionally, a comprehensive literature review will supplement any missing features not captured in the qualitative phase, ensuring their inclusion in the primary tool. The subsequent quantitative phase will focus on evaluating the questionnaire's psychometric properties, including face, content and construct validity through exploratory factor analyses (including at least 300 samples) and confirmatory factor analyses (including at least 200 samples). Internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha), reliability (test-retest), responsiveness, interpretability and scoring will also be assessed. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This study originates from a doctoral dissertation in nursing. Permission and ethical approval from Semnan University of Medical Sciences has been obtained with reference code IR.SEMUMS.1401.226. The study's findings will ultimately be submitted as a research paper to a peer-reviewed journal.

Academic resilience, moral perfectionism, and self-compassion among undergraduate nursing students: A cross-sectional, multi-center study.

BACKGROUND: Academic resilience has been identified as a coping method for nursing students' educational and practice challenges. Despite the importance of academic resilience, knowledge on how to enhance academic resilience is under-researched. To suggest suitable approaches, relationships between academic resilience and other constructs need to be appraised. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to evaluate predictors of academic resilience, examining its relationships with other essential constructs: self-compassion and moral perfectionism, in undergraduate nursing students in Iran. DESIGN: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2022. PARTICIPANTS: A convenience sample of 250 undergraduate nursing students at three universities in Iran participated in this study by completing self-report measures. METHODS: Data collection tools were Nursing Student Academic Resilience Inventory, Moral Perfectionism scale, and Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form. Correlation and regression analyses were conducted. RESULTS: The mean and standard deviation of academic resilience were 57.57 ± 23.69; moral perfectionism 50.24 ± 9.97, and self-compassion 37.19 ± 5.02. Self-compassion had significantly related to moral perfectionism (r = 0.23, p < 0.001). Academic resilience had no statistically significant relationship with moral perfectionism (r = -0.05, p = 0.41) and self-compassion (r = -0.06, p = 0.35), but significantly affect age (r = 0.14, p = 0.03), Grade point average (r = 0.18, p < 0.001) and university of study (r = 0.56, p < 0.001). The grade point average and the university of the study predicted 33 % of the changes in academic resilience, and the greatest impact was related to the university (r = 0.56, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Adopting appropriate educational strategies and supporting the students will help improve nursing students' academic resilience and performance. Promoting self-compassion will lead to the development of nursing students' moral perfectionism.

The role of Spirulina platensis on the proliferation of rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.

Background and Objectives: Spirulina platensis micro-algae have some effects on cellular procedures. The proliferative potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) will be decreased after repetitive passage. Materials and Methods: The stromal cells were isolated, and then proven by differentiating to adipogenesis and osteoblastic lineage. The cell markers such as CD90 and CD105 were detected by flowcytometry. MSCs were treated with extract of S. platensis in logarithmic concentrations. MTT and ATP assays were done to determine cell proliferation capacity. The antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the extract were evaluated. Results: The results obtained from differentiation confirm cells' potential for osteoblastic and adipoblastic differentiation. Detection of CD90 and CD105 markers over 70% proved that the majority of cells are MSCs. Statistical analyzes revealed a significant increase in MSCs proliferation in the concentration of 0.9 µl/ml S. platensis. DPPH assay demonstrated that the extract could scavenge free radicals up to 57%. Additionally, the extract showed the inhibition zone up to 11 mm against a different strain of bacteria by agar well diffusion assay. Conclusion: Secreting nutritional elements, S. platensis extract can be used as an antioxidant, antimicrobial, and growth agent for enhancing the proliferation of MSCs. Furthermore, the optimum concentration for cell treatment with S. platensis's extract was investigated.

Development and psychometric properties of health care workers' concerns in infectious outbreaks scale.

Introduction: Healthcare workers are a crucial workforce; from a moral perspective, understanding their concerns and how to support them is crucial and makes it possible for health services to keep functioning. This study aimed to develop and validate Health Care Workers' Concerns in Infectious Outbreaks Scale (HCWCIOS). Methods: This exploratory sequential mix-method study was employed to design and validate the HCWCIOS. The initial tool was designed after searching similar studies and performing a qualitative phase under the semi-structured approach. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were used to evaluate the face and content validity. The content validity ratio, content validity index, and item-level content validity index were also calculated. Exploratory factor analysis was employed to evaluate the construct validity. Using a convenient sampling method, 354 Iranian healthcare workers participated in the study. Computing Cronbach's alpha coefficient estimated the internal consistency for HCWCIOS and its subscales. Furthermore assessed was test-retest reliability. Results: The preliminary scale was designed with 57 items. By eliminating nine items in the content validity phase and 12 items during factor analysis, the final 36-item scale was developed on six factors: inadequate preparedness, lack of knowledge, risk perception, affected social relations, work pressure, and absenteeism. These six factors accounted for 46.507% of the total variance. The whole scale's Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.912, and the intra-class correlation coefficient was 0.88. Conclusion: A 36-item HCWCIOS has good psychometric properties and is suitable for measuring healthcare workers' concerns during a pandemic.

The Effect of Bifidobacterium Bifidum Supernatant and Cell Mass on the Proliferation Potential of Rat Bone Marrow-Derived Stromal Cells.

BACKGROUND: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are widely used to treat various diseases, however, their proliferative potential reduces after a number of passages. It has been shown that some probiotics such as Bifidobacterium Bifidum (B. bifidum) affect the proliferation of various cell lineages. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of B. bifidum on the proliferation of rat bone marrow stromal cells (rBMSCs) and to develop a method for compensating their proliferation reduction after some passages. METHODS: The present experimental study was conducted at Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, in 2017. The stromal cells were isolated from rBMSCs and their mesenchymal properties were confirmed by osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation media and staining. B. bifidum was cultured and the B. bifidum supernatant (BS) and bacterial cell mass (BCM) were extracted. The rBMSCs were treated with different concentrations of BS and BCM. The MTT assay was performed to measure the number of viable cells in the culture. Cell proliferation was analyzed using the paired-sample t test. RESULTS: Cell proliferation increased as the concentration of bacteria was increased logarithmically (0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.9, 3, 9, 30 µL/mL). In comparison with BS, cells treated with BCM showed increased cell proliferation at lower concentrations. This effect was caused by removing the "de Man, Rogosa, and Sharpe" (MRS) broth medium from the BCM culture. The optimal concentration of bacteria with the most significant effect on rBMSCs proliferation was determined. CONCLUSION: A significant increase in the proliferation of stromal cells was observed; confirming the stimulatory potential of probiotics (B. bifidum) on various cells. The use of products containing probiotic bacteria can increase the proliferation potential of BMSCs.

Fluid Balance Has Effects on the Length of Hospital Stay After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery.

INTRODUCTION: A vast range of factors cause adverse outcomes after coronary surgery. The goal of this study was to figure out if there was a relation between large volumes of fluid balance in patients who underwent coronary surgery and common complications after CABG. METHODS: 130 candidates for on-pump CABG were enrolled in our study at Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center in 2016. After calculating balance volume for each patient, they were divided into 3 groups; Group (1): fluid balance < 2000 mL, Group (2): fluid balance 2000-3000 mL, Group (3): fluid balance > 3000 mL. Some of the post-surgery complications were studied in these 3 groups. Since in similar studies, fluid overload has been investigated based on the patient's weight gain after surgery or only on the basis of the patient's fluid intake, we designed a study based on an accurate fluid balance measurement, which included the subtraction of the patient's outputs and losses from their intakes. RESULTS: Logistic Regression showed that fluid balance > 3000ml was the predictor of long mechanical ventilation [ (Odds Ratio (95% CI) = 4.6 (1.9 - 11.5), P < .05], more than 3 days of ICU stay [(Odds Ratio (95% CI) = 3.2 (1.09 - 9.6), P < .05], and longer hospital stay [Odds Ratio (95% CI) = 5.2 (1.9 - 14.08), P < .05]. There was no significant relation between AKI and fluid balance. CONCLUSION: Administration of large fluid volumes in CABG patients would lead to fluid accumulation and independently associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation, longer ICU stays and extended hospital stays.