RÉSUMÉ
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most fatal cancers around the world and remain asymptomatic in early stage. An alcoholic extract prepared from leaves of Tropaeolum majus L. (Tropaeolaceae) was assessed for its potential activity against diethylnitrosamine-induced liver carcinoma in vivo. Oral administration of the extract significantly decreased the inflammatory marker translation NF-kB and supressed HCC progression in combination with 0.5 Gy gamma radiation via EGF-HER-2 pathway. Histopathological and immunohistopathological features also showed the recovery of a hepatic architecture. Immunohistochemical study showed the T. majus and LDR enhancement effect on proapoptotic markers (caspase-3 and Bax) and inhibition of anti-apoptotic factor (BCl2). HPLC-DAD-MSn analysis of the extract revealed the annotation of twelve compounds. T. majus could mediate a defensive influence against diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocarcinogenesis and serve as a respectable option in amelioration of the hepatocellular carcinoma development in combination with low dose of gamma radiation.
Sujet(s)
Carcinome hépatocellulaire , Tumeurs du foie , Tropaeolum , Tropaeolum/composition chimique , Tropaeolum/métabolisme , Carcinome hépatocellulaire/induit chimiquement , Carcinome hépatocellulaire/traitement médicamenteux , Carcinome hépatocellulaire/radiothérapie , Extraits de plantes/composition chimique , N-Éthyl-N-nitroso-éthanamine/métabolisme , N-Éthyl-N-nitroso-éthanamine/pharmacologie , Rayons gamma , Tumeurs du foie/induit chimiquement , Tumeurs du foie/traitement médicamenteux , Transduction du signal , Foie , Récepteurs ErbB/métabolisme , ApoptoseRÉSUMÉ
Renoprotectors are highly demanded due to environmental nephrotoxic factors. P. longifolia leaves extract alleviating effect was assessed in nephritic-induced rats by whole body shot dose of γ-radiation. Many biomarkers were detected using several assays. Renohistopathological examinations were performed. Moreover, the extract phytoconstituents were identified using spectroscopic analysis. In-vitro anti-inflammatory activity of some compounds was examined using histamine release assay. Post-irradiation treatment with the extract significantly ameliorated all elevated biomarker levels. Creatinine and urea were adjusted, TGF-ß/Smad signaling was suppressed causing down-regulation to microRNA-21. Nitric oxide, reactive oxygen species, glutathione and kidney injury molecule-1 were normalized in comparison with the γ-irradiated group. The renohistopathological analysis was consistent with the biochemical study. Phytochemical analysis resulted in the isolation of two diterpenoids (γ-methoxybutenolide clerodane diterpene and 16(R/S)-hydroxycleroda-3,13-dien-16,15-olide-2-one), aporphine alkaloid (anonaine) and flavonol (kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside). The latter two showed moderate anti-histaminic activities. Our results indicated that P. longifolia reduced oxidative stress and nephropathy in rats due to its anti-inflammatory principles.
Sujet(s)
Diterpènes de type clérodane , microARN , Néphrite , Polyalthia , Animaux , Anti-inflammatoires/pharmacologie , Diterpènes de type clérodane/composition chimique , Néphrite/traitement médicamenteux , Extraits de plantes/pharmacologie , Extraits de plantes/usage thérapeutique , Polyalthia/composition chimique , Rats , Facteur de croissance transformant bêtaRÉSUMÉ
In this work, three fungal endophytes identified as Aspergillus terreus (AFL, AFSt and AFR), were studied for their antioxidant potential. LC-MS-based metabolomics, followed by multivariate statistical analysis were then applied to comprehensively profile their extracts. The three fungal endophytes revealed interesting antioxidant potential, in particular, the strain isolated from the Artemisia annua leaves (AFL), which was rich in different types of phenolic metabolites. Additionally, all fungal-derived ethyl acetate extracts showed potent inhibition against the prooxidant xanthine oxidase. Multivariate analysis (PCA and PLS-DA) demonstrated a unique chemical fingerprint for each strain, where phenolics, coumarins, and polyketides were the discriminative metabolites of the three fungal strains. The present findings highlighted the power of metabolomics in the chemotaxonomical classification of closely related strains. It also asserted the role of fungal endophytes in the management of oxidative stress, particularly when they are utilized in the production of fermented food products.
Sujet(s)
Artemisia annua , Antioxydants/métabolisme , Antioxydants/pharmacologie , Endophytes/métabolisme , Medicago sativa , Métabolomique , Phénols/métabolismeRÉSUMÉ
Exposure to ionizing radiation usually results in cellular oxidative damage and may induce liver toxicity. The efficiency of the ethanol extracts of Washingtonia filifera (EWF) and Washingtonia robusta (EWR) leaves in alleviating γ-radiation-induced oxidative hepatotoxicity was herein explored. Proximate and macronutrient composition of the leaves was determined to establish reliable quality control criteria. Colorimetric estimation of total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid (TFC) contents revealed their occurrence in larger amounts in EWR. In vitro evaluation of the antioxidant capacity by 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays confirmed higher efficiency of EWR designating a close correlation with phenolic composition. Four phenolics, viz., naringenin, kaempferol, quercetin, and gallic acid, were isolated from EWR. In vivo assessment of the extracts' antioxidant potential was performed on γ-irradiated (7.5 Gy) female rats. EWR was found more efficient in restoring the elevated liver index, ALT, albumin, cholesterol, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Both extracts ameliorated the increase in the stimulator of interferon gene (STING) expression. Bioactivity was confirmed by immuno-histochemical examination of inflammatory and apoptotic biomarkers (TNF-α, IL-6 and caspase-3) and histopathological architecture. In addition, the interactions of the isolated compounds with STING were assessed in silico by molecular docking. Therefore, Washingtonia robusta leaves might be suggested as a valuable nutritional supplement to alleviate radiotherapy-induced hepatotoxicity.
RÉSUMÉ
The aim of the study is to evaluate common food by-products (Pomegranate peel, Rice bran, Rice straw & Mulberry bark) to screen out their medicinal importance such as cytotoxic & antioxidant activities. HPLC revealed that all tested samples were rich in phenolics. Tested samples exerted significant antioxidant activity with high potency to Pomegranate peel. All tested extracts were able to reduce cell viability of tested cell lines in a dose-response manner after treatment. In most cases, the IC50 values were under 30 µg/ml except IC50 of pomegranate peel against breast cell line (42.4 ug/ml). The antioxidant and cytotoxic properties of pomegranate peel, rice bran, rice straw and mulberry bark have been attributed to synergetic effects of phenolic phytochemicals.