Interspecific association between two primatespecies in an urban park / Associação interespecífica entre duas espécies de primatas em um parque urbano

As with Amazonian primates, mixed associations between species in the Atlantic Forest are also influenced by ecological factors. However, Atlantic Forest primates may face additional challenges, such as isolation pressures and fragmentation of forest habitats, which may increase the frequency of these arrangements. The main of this work is to report a sympatry with possible interaction between individuals of two species of primates of the Pitheciidae and Callitrichidae families: Callicebus nigrifrons (Spix 1823) and Callithrix aurita (É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1812) in an urban park in the south of the state of Minas Gerais. Individuals were observed interacting during foraging and displacement. The association of individuals of the two species can be explained by the low quality of the forest fragment, as it can increases the chances of obtaining food resources and configures a dilution strategy against predator attacks.

Assim como ocorre com os primatas amazônicos, as associações mistas entre espécies na Mata Atlântica também são influenciadas por fatores ecológicos. No entanto, os primatas da Mata Atlântica podem enfrentar desafios adicionais, como pressões de isolamento e fragmentação de habitats florestais, que podem aumentar a frequência desses arranjos. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar um relato de simpatia com possível interação entre indivíduos de duas espécies de primatas das famílias Pitheciidae e Callitrichidae: Callicebus nigrifrons (Spix 1823) e Callithrix Resumo aurita (É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1812) em um parque urbano no sul do estado de Minas Gerais. Foram observados indivíduos interagindo durante o forrageio e deslocamento. A associação de indivíduos das duas espécies pode ser explicada devido à baixa qualidade do fragmento florestal, pois pode aumentar as chances de obter recursos alimentares e configura uma estratégia de diluição de contra-ataques de predadores.

Dendrimers as drug delivery systems for oncotherapy: Current status of promising applications.

Cancer affects millions of people worldwide, causing death and serious health problems. Despite significant investment in the development of new anticancer compounds, there are still several limitations that can still be found. Many compounds exhibit high levels of toxicity and low bioavailability. Therefore, it is urgent to design safer, more effective, and particularly more selective compounds for oncological treatment. Dendrimers are polymeric structures that have been shown to be potential drug nanocarriers to overcome physicochemical, pharmacokinetic, and indirect pharmacodynamic issues. Due to their versatility, they can be used in the design of nanovaccines, lipophilic complexes, amphiphilic complexes, smart nanocomplexes, and others. This work targets the use of dendrimers in oncological treatment and their importance and effectiveness as drug delivery systems for the development of new therapies. For this review, only publications from the last two years are considered in this review.

Anti-inflammatory action of silver nanoparticles in vivo: systematic review and meta-analysis.

The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature to investigate whether silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have an anti-inflammatory effect in vivo. The guidelines of PRISMA were applied, and a registration was made in PROSPERO. A personalized search of the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, Lilacs, and Google Scholar databases was conducted in September 2023. For the data analysis, the inverse variance in the random effects model was used. The tools of SYRCLE and GRADE were used to assess the risk of bias and the certainty of evidence, respectively. From the 9185 identified studies, 5685 duplicate studies were excluded; 52 were read in full text, and 7 were included in this review. Six studies were evaluated by the meta-analysis, and an increase in anti-inflammatory molecules (SMD -5.22; PI [-6.50, -3.94]) and an increase in anti-inflammatory ones (SMD 5.75; PI [3.79, 7.72]) were observed. Qualitative analysis showed a reduction in pro-inflammatory proteins and in the COX-2 pathway. It was concluded that AgNPs present an anti-inflammatory action in vivo through mechanisms involving the reduction of pro-inflammatory molecules and proteins, the increase of anti-inflammatory molecules, and selective inhibition of the COX-2 pathway.

Manejo clínico e cirúrgico da miíase em face: relato de caso / Clinical and Surgical Management of Myiasis in the Face: Case Report / Manejo Clínico Quirúrgico de Miasis en la Cara: Reporte de Caso

Objetivo: O presente trabalho tem como objetivo relatar um caso de miíase em face, descrevendo as suas características e tratamento. Relato de caso: Paciente do sexo masculino, leucoderma, 39 anos, em condições de rua. Ao exame físico, havia perda de substância tecidual em região labial inferior, com extensão a tecidos adjacentes periorais, lábio superior e base nasal. Notava-se presença de miíase na região. Ao exame intra-oral, observou-se região endurecida à palpação pela extensão interna total do lábio inferior. Optou-se pela remoção cirúrgica das larvas, irrigação e debridamento do tecido necrosado. A condição acomete predominantemente indivíduos com deficiência neurológica e/ou locomotora, de baixo nível socioeconômico, com higiene precária, dependentes químicos e com lesões prévias. Conclusão: Quanto ao tratamento, há diferentes formas, como remoção manual de larvas e desbridamento cirúrgico, aplicação de substâncias asfixiantes e antibioticoterapia, principalmente com uso de ivermectina. A miíase é uma doença tratável que atinge populações específicas. Devido à agressividade da lesão, a prevenção e tratamento adequado em tempo hábil são necessários. O tratamento instituído neste caso foi eficaz e restabeleceu as condições do paciente... (AU)

Objective: The present work aims to report a case of myiasis in the face, describing its characteristics and treatment. Case report: Male patient, leucoderma, 39 years old, in street conditions. On physical examination, there was loss of tissue substance in the lower labial region, extending to adjacent perioral tissues, upper lip and nasal base. The presence of myiasis was noted in the region. On intraoral examination, a hardened region was observed on palpation due to the total internal extension of the lower lip. We opted for the surgical removal of the larvae, irrigation and debridement of the necrotic tissue. The condition predominantly affects individuals with neurological and/or locomotor disabilities, of low socioeconomic status, with poor hygiene, chemical dependents and with previous injuries. Conclusion: As for the treatment, there are different ways, such as manual removal of larvae and surgical debridement, application of asphyxiating substances and antibiotic therapy, mainly with the use of ivermectin. Myiasis is a treatable disease that affects specific populations. Due to the aggressiveness of the lesion, prevention and adequate treatment in a timely manner are necessary. The treatment instituted in this case was effective and restored the patient's conditions... (AU)

Objetivo: El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo reportar un caso de miasis en la cara, describiendo sus características y tratamiento. Reporte de caso: Paciente masculino, leucoderma, 39 años, en condiciones de calle. En el examen físico, había pérdida de sustancia tisular en la región labial inferior, que se extendía a los tejidos periorales adyacentes, el labio superior y la base nasal. Se notó la presencia de miasis en la región. Al examen intraoral se observa región endurecida a la palpación por extensión interna total del labio inferior. Optamos por la extirpación quirúrgica de las larvas, irrigación y desbridamiento del tejido necrótico. La condición afecta predominantemente a personas con discapacidad neurológica y/o locomotora, de nivel socioeconómico bajo, con mala higiene, dependientes de sustancias químicas y con lesiones previas. Conclusión: En cuanto al tratamiento, existen diferentes vías, como la extracción manual de larvas y desbridamiento quirúrgico, aplicación de sustancias asfixiantes y antibioticoterapia, principalmente con el uso de ivermectina. La miasis es una enfermedad tratable que afecta a poblaciones específicas. Debido a la agresividad de la lesión, es necesaria la prevención y el tratamiento adecuado en el momento oportuno. El tratamiento instituido en este caso fue efectivo y restableció las condiciones del paciente... (AU)

Documentação odontológica sob a ótica da Odontologia Legal: revisão integrativa / Dental documentation from the perspective of Legal Dentistry: integrative review / Documentación dental desde la perspectiva de la Odontología Legal: revisión integrativa

Objetivo: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa cujo objetivo foi sumarizar a literatura atual referente à documentação odontológica e suas aplicações, relacionada à responsabilidade civil do cirurgião-dentista. Metodologia: Foi realizada uma busca nas bases de dados PubMed, LILACS, Scielo e Periódicos CAPES, e na literatura cinza (Google Acadêmico) entre agosto e setembro de 2022, bem como em endereços eletrônicos oficiais para busca de leis e normativas, utilizando a combinação dos descritores: "documentação", "responsabilidade legal", "odontologia" e "odontologia legal". Resultados: Encontrou-se dez publicações no âmbito da odontologia forense quatro relacionadas à documentação odontológica (prontuários, termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido, odontograma, imagens), quatro em relação as ações judiciais, uma sobre prescrição de medicamentos e uma sobre notificação dos casos suspeitos e confirmados de violência. Conclusão: As universidades, instituições de ensino superior e as unidades de saúde tem um papel importante na formação e capacitação do odontólogo para o preenchimento correto das prescrições de medicamentos, de prontuário, de notificações compulsórias, armazenamento de documentos odontológicos, bem como, esclarecimento sobre responsabilidade subjetiva e objetiva do cirurgião dentista, dano e nexo causal... (AU)

Objective: This is an integrative review whose objective was to summarize the current literature regarding dental documentation and its applications, related to the civil liability of the dental surgeon. Methodology: A search was carried out in the databases PubMed, LILACS, Scielo and Periódicos CAPES, and in gray literature (Google Scholar) between August and September 2022, as well as in official electronic addresses to search for laws and regulations, using the combination of descriptors: "documentation", "legal responsibility", "dentistry" and "legal dentistry". Results: Ten publications were found in the field of forensic dentistry, four related to dental documentation (medical records, informed consent form, odontogram, images), four related to legal actions, one on medication prescription and one on case notification suspected and confirmed cases of violence. Conclusion: Universities, higher education institutions and health units have an important role in training and qualifying dentists to correctly fill out medication prescriptions, medical records, compulsory notifications, and storage of dental documents, as well as, clarification on the dentist's subjective and objective liability, damage and causal link... (AU)

Objetivo: Se trata de una revisión integradora cuyo objetivo fue resumir la literatura actual sobre la documentación odontológica y sus aplicaciones, relacionadas con la responsabilidad civil del cirujano dentista. Metodología: Se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos PubMed, LILACS, Scielo y Periódicos CAPES, y en literatura gris (Google Scholar) entre agosto y septiembre de 2022, así como en direcciones electrónicas oficiales para buscar leyes y regulaciones, utilizando la combinación de descriptores: "documentación", "responsabilidad legal", "odontología" y "odontología legal". Resultados: Se encontraron diez publicaciones en el campo de la odontología forense, cuatro relacionadas con documentación odontológica (historia médica, consentimiento informado, odontograma, imágenes), cuatro relacionadas con acciones legales, una sobre prescripción de medicamentos y una sobre notificación de casos sospechosos y confirmados. de violencia. Conclusión: Las universidades, instituciones de educación superior y unidades de salud tienen un papel importante en la formación y calificación de los odontólogos para el correcto llenado de recetas de medicamentos, historias clínicas, notificaciones obligatorias y almacenamiento de documentos odontológicos. así como, aclaración sobre la responsabilidad subjetiva y objetiva del odontólogo, daño y nexo causal... (AU)

Non-invasive urine-based ELISA using a recombinant Leishmania protein to diagnose tegumentary leishmaniasis.

The diagnosis of tegumentary leishmaniasis (TL) is hampered by variable sensitivity and/or specificity of the tests. Serological assays are suitable to diagnose visceral leishmaniasis (VL); however, they present low performance for the detection of TL cases. Additionally, blood collection to obtain patient serum represents a challenge, as it is an invasive and uncomfortable procedure, requiring laboratorial infrastructure and trained professionals. In this context, the present study proposed to evaluate patient urine to detect TL, given that this analyte has proven to be effective in ELISA experiments for the detection of VL cases. For this, a Leishmania protein called LiHyV, two specific B-cell epitopes derived from protein amino acid sequence, and a Leishmania antigenic extract (SLA) were used as antigens. A total of 215 paired urine and serum samples were evaluated, and results showed that, when serum was employed as an analyte, rLiHyV, Peptide1, Peptide2, and SLA presented a sensitivity of 85 %, 29 %, 58 %, and 31 %, respectively, and a specificity of 97.5 %, 98 %, 100 %, and 97.5 %, respectively, in the diagnosis of TL. When urine was used, rLiHyV, Peptide1, Peptide2, and SLA presented a sensitivity of 95 %, 74 %, 67 %, and 52 %, respectively, and a specificity of 100 %, 99 %, 98 %, and 86 %, respectively. In conclusion, preliminary data suggest that urine could be considered as an alternative biological sample for the detection of TL cases.

Educational interventions to prevent urinary infections in institutionalized elderly people. Quasi-experimental Study.

Objective: To analyze the effectiveness of an educational intervention among nursing professionals and caregivers to prevent urinary tract infections in institutionalized elderly people. Methods: this is a quasi-experimental study carried out with 20 people (7 nurses and 13 formal caregivers). A questionnaire was applied during the pre-intervention stage, then professional training was carried out and finally, the questionnaire was reapplied 6 months after the intervention. The prevalence profile and factors associated with urinary infections in 116 elderly people was evaluated before and after the educational interventions. Statistical analysis was performed using association and correlation tests, logistic regression model comparison and prevalence rates. Results: The average number of correct answers by the nursing professionals and caregivers after the educational intervention increased from the pre to the post-test by 52% regarding signs of urinary infection, 32% regarding its symptoms, 72.5% regarding its treatment, 40% regarding personal/behavioral and morbidity-related risk factors, 59% regarding conditional factors and 43.8% regarding its preventive measures. The team of caregivers showed a greater gain in knowledge compared to the nursing team in almost every question (p<0.05). The length of time working in elderly care showed no positive correlation with any variable (R< p>0.05). The prevalence of urinary tract infection in the pre-intervention period was 33.62%, and 20% in the post-intervention period. Conclusion: The educational intervention was effective in preventing urinary tract infections in the elderly. The increased knowledge acquired by nurses and caregivers was associated with a reduction in the infection rate and an improvement in the most prevalent modifiable factors for the development of this type of pathology.

The Similarity Degree of the Anthropometric and Body Composition Variables of Brazilian and Mozambican Schoolchildren: A New Approach Using the Smoothed Jaccard Index Surface.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Brazil and Mozambique face similar socioeconomic challenges, including common indicators of undernutrition and overnutrition among children. This study evaluated the similarity degree of the anthropometric and body composition variables of Brazilian and Mozambican children by using the Jaccard index. METHODS: A total of 1831 children of both genders aged 7-10 years from three Brazilian cities (Recife, Vitoria de Santo Antao, and Lagoa do Carro) and three Mozambican cities (Maputo, Boane, and Inhambane) participated in this study. Anthropometric (height, body mass, and waist circumference) and body composition (body fat percentage [%BF], lean mass, and fat mass) variables were measured and the Smoothed Jaccard Index Surface (SJIS) was used to evaluate the similarity degree. RESULTS: Brazilian children were taller and heavier and had a higher %BF and fat mass than Mozambican children. Children living in urban areas were taller than those living in rural zones in both countries. Brazilian and Mozambican children showed high similarity only between %BF and lean mass. Children from Recife and Maputo had high similarities among waist circumference, body mass, fat mass, height, and %BF. Finally, a high SJIS degree was observed among height and %BF for schoolchildren from rural and urban zones. CONCLUSION: Brazilian and Mozambican children exhibit differences in growth characteristics but a high degree of similarity when children from rural and urban zones are compared.

Lisdexamfetamine dimesylate-exposition in male rats during the peripubertal period impairs inflammatory mechanisms, antioxidant activity, and apoptosis process in kidneys of male pubertal rats.

Lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (LDX) is a prodrug of dextroamphetamine, which has been widely recommended for the treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). There are still no data in the literature relating the possible toxic effects of LDX in the kidney. Therefore, the present study aims to evaluate the effects of LDX exposure on morphological, oxidative stress, cell death and inflammation parameters in the kidneys of male pubertal Wistar rats, since the kidneys are organs related to the excretion of most drugs. For this, twenty male Wistar rats were distributed randomly into two experimental groups: LDX group-received 11,3 mg/kg/day of LDX; and Control group-received tap water. Animals were treated by gavage from postnatal day (PND) 25 to 65. At PND 66, plasma was collected to the biochemical dosage, and the kidneys were collected for determinations of the inflammatory profile, oxidative status, cell death, and for histochemical, and morphometric analyses. Our results show that there was an increase in the number of cells marked for cell death, and a reduction of proximal and distal convoluted tubules mean diameter in the group that received LDX. In addition, our results also showed an increase in MPO and NAG activity, indicating an inflammatory response. The oxidative status showed that the antioxidant system is working undisrupted and avoiding oxidative stress. Therefore, LDX-exposition in male rats during the peripubertal period causes renal changes in pubertal age involving inflammatory mechanisms, antioxidant activity and apoptosis process.

Discordance Between the Initial Diagnosis of Sarcomas and Subsequent Histopathological Revision and Molecular Analyses in a Sarcoma Reference Center in Brazil.

PURPOSE: To investigate the discordance in sarcoma diagnoses between nonspecialized institutions following revision by dedicated sarcoma pathologists at a reference center in Brazil and the relevance of molecular pathology in this context. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of sarcoma samples initially analyzed at outside laboratories and subsequently reviewed by two specialized pathologists between January 2014 and December 2020. After obtaining demographic and tumor characteristics, pathology results were matched and classified as complete discordance (CD; benign v malignant, sarcoma v other malignancies), partial concordance (similar diagnosis of connective tumor, but different grade/histological subtype/differentiation), and complete concordance (CC). The concordance for histology or grade, and the role of molecular assessments supporting the diagnosis were also independently determined. Statistical analyses were conducted through the kappa coefficient of agreement and adherence by χ2 test, χ2 test by Person, and Fisher exact test. RESULTS: In total, 197 cases were included, with samples obtained predominately from male patients (57.9%) and localized/primary tumors (86.8%). Following revision, the most frequent final diagnoses were undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (17.8%), well-differentiated/dedifferentiated liposarcoma (8.6%), and leiomyosarcoma (7.6%). CD was found in 13.2%, partial discordance in 45.2%, and CC in 41.6% of reviews (P < .001). We found a concordance for histology or grade of 53.5% (P < .001) and 51.8% (P < .001), respectively. Molecular assessments, comprising next-generation sequencing panels (79.5%) and fluorescent in situ hybridization (20.5%), were performed in 44 (22.3%) cases, with findings classified as of diagnostic relevance in 31.8%. CONCLUSION: In nearly 60% of the cases, the initial sarcoma diagnosis was modified when revised by a reference center and dedicated pathologists, assisted by molecular pathology techniques. These results justify the assembly of referral networks in countries with limited health care resources.

Antimicrobial gel with silver vanadate and silver nanoparticles: antifungal and physicochemical evaluation.

Aim: To develop a ß-AgVO3 gel and evaluate its physicochemical stability and antifungal activity against Candida albicans. Materials & methods: The gel was prepared from the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ß-AgVO3. The physicochemical stability was evaluated by centrifugation, accelerated stability (AS), storage (St), pH, syringability, viscosity and spreadability tests and antifungal activity by the agar diffusion. Results: The MIC was 62.5 µg/ml. After centrifugation, AS and St gels showed physicochemical stability. Lower viscosity and higher spreadability were observed for the higher ß-AgVO3 concentration and the minimum force for extrusion was similar for all groups. Antifungal effect was observed only for the ß-AgVO3 gel with 20xMIC. Conclusion: The ß-AgVO3 gel showed physicochemical stability and antifungal activity.

We used silver and vanadium to make a gel that can kill fungi in the mouth. We looked at the color of the gel, it's smell and also checked how well it lasted. The gel turned yellow and had no smell and did not spoil for at least 2 months. When we tested the gel against a type of fungus, it worked as well as another medicine called chlorhexidine, which is sold in pharmacies. But when we compared it with another medicine called nystatin, our gel was not as effective in killing the fungus.

Microstructural characterization, mechanical and microbiological properties of acrylic resins added with reduced graphene oxide.

To evaluate the microstructural characterization, mechanical properties and antimicrobial activity of acrylic resins incorporated with different concentrations of reduced graphene oxide (rGO). Specimens were made of self-cured and heat-cured acrylic resins for the control group and concentrations of 0.5%, 1%, and 3%. The microstructural characterization was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDS). For mechanical testing, flexural strength, and Knoop hardness tests were performed. Microbiological evaluations were performed by colony forming units (CFU) analysis, tetrazolium salt reduction (XTT), and SEM images. The modified acrylic resins showed increased mechanical properties at low concentrations (p < 0.05) and with reduced S. mutans (p < 0.05). Reduced graphene oxide interfered with the mechanical performance and microbiological properties of acrylic resins depending on the concentration of rGO, and type of polymerization and microorganism evaluated. The incorporation of graphene compounds into acrylic resins is an alternative to improve the antimicrobial efficacy and performance of the material.

Nurses' perspectives on nurses' work methods.

OBJECTIVES: To analyze nurses' perspectives on nurses' work methods in the hospital context. METHODS: A descriptive study with a qualitative approach was conducted in a hospital in northern Portugal, involving 17 nurses. Semi-structured interviews were used for data collection. Data collected between May and June 2023 underwent content analysis, supported by Atlas.ti software. RESULTS: Three thematic areas emerged: "Nurses' work methods in a hospital context," highlighting the conception and components of work methods and the methods in use; "Implementation of nurses' work methods," emphasizing influencing factors and challenges to implementation; and "Impact of nurses' work methods on patients, nurses, and institutions." FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: Nurses' work methods constitute the structure of nursing care. Some factors influence and some challenges arise in the implementation of these methods, producing impacts on patients, nurses, and institutions.

Use of Three-dimensional Printing for Tibial Pilon Fracture Diagnosis and Treatment / Uso da impressão tridimensional para auxílio diagnóstico e terapêutico das fraturas de pilão tibial

Abstract Objective To evaluate whether three-dimensional (3D) printing increases agreement in the classification of tibial pilon fractures. Methods Orthopedists and traumatologists reviewed radiographs, computed tomography scans with 3D reconstruction, and prototyping 3D printing, and classified the fractures based on the Rüedi-Allgöwer and Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen (AO, Association for the Study of Internal Fixation) Foundation/Orthopedic Trauma Association (AO/OTA) classification systems. Next, data evaluation used Kappa agreement coefficients. Results The use of the 3D model did not improve agreement for tibial pilon fractures regarding the treatment proposed by the groups. Regarding the classification systems, the agreement only improved concerning the AO/OTA classification when the 3D model was used in the assessment by the foot and ankle specialists. Conclusion Although 3D printing is statistically relevant for surgeons specializing in foot and ankle, its values remain lower than optimal.

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar se a impressão tridimensional (3D) aumenta a concordância na classificação de fraturas do pilão tibial. Métodos Foram selecionadas radiografias, tomografias com reconstrução 3D e impressão de prototipagem em impressora 3D. Os exames foram apresentados a profissionais da área de Ortopedia e Traumatologia que classificaram as fraturas com base nas classificações da Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen (AO, Associação para o Estudo da Fixação Interna) Foundation/Orthopedic Trauma Association (AO/OTA) e de Rüedi-Allgöwer. Posteriormente, os dados foram avaliados pelos coeficientes de concordância de Kappa. Resultados O uso do modelo 3D não melhorou a concordância na fratura do pilão tibial quanto ao tratamento proposto pelos grupos. Em relação aos sistemas de classificação, somente a concordância na classificação AO/OTA melhorou quando foi utilizado o modelo 3D na avaliação pelos especialistas em pé e tornozelo. Conclusão Apesar de o uso da impressão 3D ter relevância estatística para os cirurgiões especialistas em pé e tornozelo, ainda apresenta valores menores do que os ideais.

(Re)construção de identidade do ethos masculino e masculinidades na atenção domiciliar em saúde do homem / Identity (re)construction of the male ethos and masculinities in men's health home care / (Re)construcción de la identidad del ethos masculino y de las masculinidades en el cuidado domiciliario en salud del hombre

RESUMOObjetivo: compreender as masculinidades de homens em cuidados domiciliares a partir da construção do ethos masculino. Método: pesquisa qualitativa tendo o referencial teórico-metodológico de Norman Fairclough para análise crítica de discurso e a concepção teórica de masculinidades segundo Raewyn Connell. Entrevistou-se 58 usuários entre pacientes e cuidadores de um serviço público de atenção domiciliar. Resultados: identificou-se duas centralidades discursivas: masculinidade hegemônica e suas ideologias e o novo ethos masculino: a admissão da dependência. Percebeu-se a presença de uma masculinidade não hegemônica entre os homens em cuidados domiciliares, cujas circunstâncias específicas do domicílio favorecem mudanças histórico-sociais e culturais, fazendo emergir novos conceitos, sentidos e experiências. Conclusão: o ethos masculino dos homens cuidados no domicílio é marcado pela condição de diferenciação, alinha-se a uma masculinidade subordinada, embora se referenciem em ideologias dominantes. Esse novo ethos masculino permite, em outras análises, reconhecer as necessidades e o comportamento de homens em atenção domiciliar.

ABSTRACTObjective: to understand the masculinities of men in home care based on male ethosconstruction. Method: qualitative research aligned with Raewyn Connell's conception of masculinities and critical discourse analysis based on Norman Fairclough's theoretical-methodological framework. A total of 58 users were interviewed between patients and caregivers of a home care public service. Results: two discursive centralities were identified: hegemonic masculinity and its ideologies; and the new male ethos: the admission of dependency. The presence of a non-hegemonic masculinity is perceived among the men in home care, whose particular home experiences favor historical, social, and cultural changes, giving rise to new concepts, meanings, and experiences. Conclusion: the masculine ethosof men cared for at home is marked by the condition of differentiation, it is aligned with a subordinate masculinity, although it is based on dominant ideologies. This new masculine ethos allows, in other analyses, to recognize the needs and the behavior of men in home care.

RESUMENObjetivo: comprender las masculinidades de los hombres en la atención a domicilio a partir de la construcción del ethos masculino. Método: investigación cualitativa basada en el marco teórico-metodológico de Norman Fairclough para realizar el análisis del discurso y en el concepto de masculinidades de Raewyn Connell. Se realizaron entrevistas a 58 usuarios entre pacientes y cuidadores de un servicio público de atención domiciliaria. Resultados: se identificaron dos centralidades discursivas: la masculinidad hegemónica y sus ideologías; y el Nuevo ethos masculino: la admisión de la dependencia. Se constató que hay una masculinidad no hegemónica entre hombres en atención domiciliaria cuyas circunstancias específicas del hogar proporcionan cambios históricos, sociales y culturales, lo que permite surgir nuevos conceptos, significados y vivencias. Conclusión: el ethos masculino de los hombres en atención a domicilio está marcado por la condición de diferenciación y se alinea con una masculinidad subordinada, aunque se asiente en ideologías dominantes. Este nuevo ethos masculino permite reconocer, en análisis futuras, las necesidades y el comportamiento de los hombres en atención a domicilio

COVID-19 Pandemic and Food Insecurity among Pregnant Women in an Important City of the Amazon Region: A Study of the Years 2021 and 2022.

INTRODUCTION: Food insecurity (FI) experienced during pregnancy represents a relevant public health problem, as it negatively affects maternal and child health. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of FI among pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic and determine associated factors. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out in the period from 2021 to 2022, with a representative sample of 423 women resulting from a sample calculation based on the average (2912 births) that occurred in the years 2016 to 2020 in the only maternity hospital in the municipality. After analyzing the medical records, interviews were carried out with the postpartum women using a standardized questionnaire and the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale. Poisson regression with robust variance was used to calculate prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals to measure associations. RESULTS: FI was observed in 57.0% of cases and was associated with age under 20 years (PR = 1.52; 95% CI 1.29; 1.79), receipt of government assistance (PR = 1.31; 95% CI 1.10; 1.55), loss of family employment (PR = 1.40; 95% CI 1.20; 1.64), greater number of residents (PR = 1.17; 95% CI 1.00; 1.37), and prenatal care in a public institution (PR = 1.53; 95% CI 1.04; 2.26). CONCLUSION: There was a high prevalence of FI cases, associated with socioeconomic, demographic, and prenatal care characteristics during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Association between Childhood Overweight and Altered Concentrations of Circulating Amino Acids.

(1) Background: Dysregulated serum amino acids (AA) are known to be associated with obesity and risk of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) in adults, and recent studies support the same notion in the pubertal age. It is, however, unknown whether childhood overweight may already display alterations of circulating AA. (2) Methods: We used liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-targeted metabolomics to determine plasma concentrations of AA and AA-related molecules in 36 children aged 7-12 years with normal weight or overweight. Clinical and anthropometric parameters were measured. (3) Results: Overweight in children is associated with an altered AA profile, with increased branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) and decreased glycine levels, with no clinically manifested metabolic conditions. Moreover, z-BMI was positively and negatively correlated with BCAA and glycine levels, respectively, even after adjustment for age and gender. We also found a correlation between the AA profile and clinical parameters such as lipids profile and glycemia. (4) Conclusions: A pattern of low glycine, and increased BCAA is correlated to z-BMI, total cholesterol, and triglycerides in overweight but otherwise healthy children. Our data suggest that, in childhood overweight, AA disturbances may precede other clinical parameters, thus providing an early indicator for the later development of metabolic disease.

Neural respiratory drive during maximal voluntary ventilation in individuals with hypertension: A case-control study.

Neural respiratory drive (NRD) is measured using a non-invasive recording of respiratory electromyographic signal. The parasternal intercostal muscle can assess the imbalance between the load and capacity of respiratory muscles and presents a similar pattern to diaphragmatic activity. We aimed to analyze the neural respiratory drive in seventeen individuals with hypertension during quite breathing and maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV) (103.9 ± 5.89 vs. 122.6 ± 5 l/min) in comparison with seventeen healthy subjects (46.5 ± 2.5 vs. 46.4 ± 2.4 years), respectively. The study protocol was composed of quite breathing during five minutes, maximum inspiratory pressure followed by maximal ventilatory ventilation (MVV) was recorded once for 15 seconds. Anthropometric measurements were collected, weight, height, waist, hip, and calf circumferences, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), BMI, and conicity index (CI). Differences between groups were analyzed using the unpaired t-test or Mann-Whitney test to determine the difference between groups and moments. A significance level of 5% (p<0,05) was adopted for all statistical analyses. The group of individuals with hypertension presented higher values when compared to the healthy group for neural respiratory drive (EMGpara% 17.9±1.3 vs. 13.1±0.8, p = 0.0006) and neural respiratory drive index (NRDi (AU) 320±25 vs. 205.7±15,p = 0.0004) during quiet breathing and maximal ventilatory ventilation (EMGpara% 29.3±2.7 vs. 18.3±0.8, p = 0.000, NRDi (AU) 3140±259.4 vs. 1886±73.1,p<0.0001), respectively. In conclusion, individuals with hypertension presented higher NRD during quiet breathing and maximal ventilatory ventilation when compared to healthy individuals.

The appendicular skeleton of the enigmatic shark Leptocharias smithii in comparison with other sharks of the order Carcharhiniformes (Elasmobranchii: Leptochariidae).

Leptocharias smithii has been poorly explored in anatomical terms. This species bears a mosaic of morphological characters and is considered to represent an intermediate condition between other carcharhiniform clades. In the present paper, the anatomy of the appendicular skeleton of the species is thoroughly investigated and compared with other representatives of the order Carcharhiniformes. Leptocharias bears exclusive characteristics, such as the visible separation of the pro- and mesopterygia but it also has an aplesodic pectoral fin, a condition shared with carcharhiniforms placed at the base of the phylogenetic tree and at the same time a chevron-shaped coracoid bar, a condition characteristic of charcharhiniforms placed at the apex of the phylogenetic tree. Additionally, in an attempt to understand the evolution of its appendicular skeleton and of other carcharhiniforms, 20 characters of the paired fins and girdles are explored and discussed in light of two recent phylogenetic hypotheses. Most of these characters were not previously explored and support not only the monophyly of Carcharhiniformes, such as the mesopterygium overlapping the metapterygium in ventral view, but also the monophyly of the less inclusive clade Hemigaleidae + (Galeocerdonidae + (Carcharhinidae+Sphyrnidae)), such as the morphology and arrangement of the distal radials, which are pointed and spaced.

Corrigendum to "WCN24-1065 QUALITY INDICATORS IN PERITONEAL DIALYSIS IN A CLINIC FROM FLORIANÓPOLIS, SANTA CATARINA, BRAZIL" [Kidney International Reports Volume 9, Issue 4, Supplement, April 2024, Page S586].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2024.02.1230.].