Ki-67 and CD100 immunohistochemical expression is associated with local recurrence and poor prognosis in soft tissue sarcomas, respectively.

Soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) are a heterogeneous group of mesenchymal tumors of >50 subtypes. However, STSs represent <1% of types of cancer. Despite this low frequency, the disease is aggressive and treatment, when possible, is based on traditional chemotherapies. A number of cases of resistance to adjuvant therapies have been reported. Metastases are commonly identified in STS patients during diagnosis and the development of effective clinical parameters is crucial for correct management of the disease. The use of biological markers in cancer is a useful tool to determine patient prognosis. Ki-67 is a protein marker for proliferation of somatic cells and is widely used in prognostic studies of various types of tumor, including STSs. Cluster of differentiation 100 (CD100) is a member of the semaphorin family. The family was initially described as axon guidance molecules important for angiogenesis, organogenesis, apoptosis and neoplasia. CD100 was previously utilized as a prognostic factor in tumors and also in STSs. In the present study, protein expression of Ki-67 and CD100 was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in samples of STS patients of the Barretos Cancer Hospital (Barretos, Brazil) to establish prognostic criteria of the disease. Results demonstrate a correlation between CD100 expression and poor prognosis, consistent with a previous study. Moreover, the expression of Ki-67 was identified to correlate with presence of local or locoregional recurrence. To the best of our knowledge, no large casuistic study has revealed this correlation between Ki-67 and local recurrence in STSs. The use of Ki-67 and CD100 as markers in clinical pathological analysis may be suitable as a prognostic criterion in disease progression.

Sindrome carcinoide: achados ecocardiográficos na evolução clínica de um caso de síndrome carcinoide / Carcinoid syndrome: echocardiography findings in a clinical evolution of a carcinoid syndrome case

O comprometimento cardíaco na síndrome carcinoide ocorre em 50% dos pacientes, sendo o ecocardiograma um importante meio diagnóstico da doença. Os achados de exame físico podem passar despercebidos, como o sopro tricúspide e pulmonar, em virtude dabaixa pressão no território pulmonar. Apesar de alguns casos responderem bem aos análogos da somastotina, como o octeotride, a doença cardíaca evolui, inexoravelmente, para insuficiência cardíaca, sendo a indicação cirúrgica uma opção para determinados casos.

Giant cell tumor of the sternum.

We report the case of a 74-year-old female patient diagnosed with a giant cell tumor of the sternum. The clinical and radiological presentation was indicative of a primary tumor of the sternum. The patient underwent complementary tests and surgery. The pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis. Commonly observed in the long bones of the appendicular skeleton, this type of tumor is characterized by its local aggressiveness and metastatic potential. We also review the literature on the topic.

Tumor de células gigantes do esterno / Giant cell tumor of the sternum

Relatamos o caso de uma paciente de 74 anos portadora de tumor de células gigantes em osso esterno. A apresentação clínica e radiológica indicava neoplasia primária de osso esterno. A paciente realizou exames complementares e cirurgia. O exame patológico confirmou o diagnóstico. Comumente observado em ossos longos no esqueleto apendicular, esse tipo de tumor caracteriza-se por sua agressividade local e pelo potencial metastático. Também fazemos uma revisão sobre o tema.

We report the case of a 74-year-old female patient diagnosed with a giant cell tumor of the sternum. The clinical and radiological presentation was indicative of a primary tumor of the sternum. The patient underwent complementary tests and surgery. The pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis. Commonly observed in the long bones of the appendicular skeleton, this type of tumor is characterized by its local aggressiveness and metastatic potential. We also review the literature on the topic.

Pelvic clear cell adenocarcinoma in a young man: a case report

Clear cell adenocarcinoma is a relatively common neoplasm in the female genital tract, which can also occur in the bladder and urethra. In men, it is a rare neoplasm . We describe the case of a young man with large pelvic mass and diagnosed as clear cell adenocarcinoma. The patient had increased serum levels of CA 125 and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) . The tumor was immunohistochemically positive for CA 125 and CK7 and negative for PSA and CK20. Due to the size of the neoplasm at diagnosis and the morphological, immunohistochemical and clinical characteristics, the probable histogenetic origins of the tumor are prostate, prostatic urethra or seminal vesicle.

Estudo da expressão da proteína caderina-E correlacionada com o grau de diferenciação celular e o estadiamento TNM do adenocarcinoma colorretal / Relationship study between the cadherin-E protein cell diferentiation and TNM staging

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a relação de uma proteína que participa do mecanismo de adesão celular com o grau de diferenciação celular e o estadiamento TNM I e IV no CCR. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados 100 pacientes (54 homens e 46 mulheres) tratados por CCR, estádio I - 44 pacientes, estádio IV - 56 pacientes. Os cortes histológicos do tecido tumoral foram examinados por técnica de imunohistoquímica em relação à expressão da proteína caderina-E. Os cortes histológicos foram classificados como positivos ou negativos pelo método semiquantitativo. RESULTADOS: Para o TNM, expressão da caderina-E estádio I: positiva em 72,7 por cento e negativa em 35,7 por cento ; estádio IV: positiva em 64,3 por cento e negativa em 35,7 por cento. Em relação ao grau de diferenciação celular, expressão da caderina-E; G I: positiva em 70 por cento e negativa em 30 por cento; G II: positiva em 68.4 por cento e 31,6 por cento negativa; G III: 63.6 por cento positiva e 36,4 por cento negativa.. Não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados dessa pesquisa permitem concluir que não há relação da expressão da proteína caderina-E com o estadiamento TNM (I e IV) e o grau de diferenciação celular no CCR.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship of a protein that take part in the same mechanism of cell adhesion with the cell differentiation degree and TNM staging I and IV in CRA. METHODS: One-hundred patients (54 men and 46 women), who have received treatment for CRA, stage I - 44 patients and stage IV - 56 patients, have been studied. Histological cuts of tumor tissue were examined by the immunohistochemical technique as to the expression of E-cadherin proteins. Such histological cuts were classified as positive or negative through the semi-quantitative method. RESULTS: For TNM, the E-cadherin expression for stage I: positive in 72.7 percent and negative in 35.7 percent; stage IV: positive in 64.3 percent and negative in 35.7 percent. Regarding the cell differentiation degree, the expression of E-cadherin, GI: positive in 70 percent and negative in 30 percent; GII: positive in 68.4 percent and negative in 31.6 percent; GIII: positive in 63.6 percent and negative in 36.4 percent. There was no significant difference among the groups. CONCLUSION: The results of this research come to the conclusion that there is no relationship between the expression of E-cadherin protein with TNM staging (I and IV) and cell differentiation degree in CRA.