RÉSUMÉ
OBJECTIVE: Health disparities may be driven by hospital-level factors. We assessed whether racial and ethnic composition of populations hospitals serve explain or modify disparities in hospital outcomes of children with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study of patients 5 to 26 years old with SLE at 47 children's hospitals in the Pediatric Health Information System (2006-2021), race and ethnicity were assessed at the patient level and hospital level (proportion of total admissions composed of Black or Hispanic patients, respectively). Outcomes included intensive care unit (ICU) admission or adverse renal outcome (end-stage renal disease, dialysis, or transplant) during follow-up. We estimated racial and ethnic disparities, adjusted or stratified by hospital racial or ethnic composition. RESULTS: Of 8,125 patients with SLE, 2,293 (28%) required ICU admission, and 698 (9%) had an adverse renal outcome. Black and non-Hispanic White disparities in ICU admission were observed only at hospitals serving higher proportions of Black patients (odds ratio [OR] 1.29, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.04-1.59 vs OR 1.07, 95% CI 0.83-1.38). Larger Black and non-Hispanic White disparities in adverse renal outcomes were observed at hospitals with higher Black racial composition (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.4-2.8 vs OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.1-2.4). Conversely, Hispanic versus non-Hispanic disparities in renal outcomes persisted after adjustment for hospital-reported Hispanic ethnic composition but were observed only at hospitals with lower proportions of Hispanic patients. CONCLUSION: Worse Black and White disparities in SLE outcomes are observed at children's hospitals serving more Black children, whereas distinct patterns are observed for Hispanic and non-Hispanic disparities. Reporting of hospital characteristics related to populations served is needed to identify modifiable drivers of hospital-level variation.
Sujet(s)
Disparités d'accès aux soins , Hôpitaux pédiatriques , Lupus érythémateux disséminé , Humains , Enfant , Études rétrospectives , Femelle , Adolescent , Mâle , Lupus érythémateux disséminé/ethnologie , Lupus érythémateux disséminé/thérapie , Lupus érythémateux disséminé/diagnostic , Disparités d'accès aux soins/ethnologie , Enfant d'âge préscolaire , Jeune adulte , Hispanique ou Latino/statistiques et données numériques , Disparités de l'état de santé , États-Unis/épidémiologie , Adulte , ,RÉSUMÉ
OBJECTIVE: Pediatric rheumatology faces a looming supply-demand crisis. While strategies have been proposed to address the supply shortfall, investigation into the increased demand for pediatric rheumatic care has been limited. Herein, we analyze new patient visits to a large tertiary care pediatric rheumatology center to identify emerging trends in referrals and areas for potential intervention to meet this increased demand. METHODS: All patients referred to and seen by the University of Alabama at Birmingham Pediatric Rheumatology Division between January 2019 and December 2021 for a new patient evaluation were identified. Patient data was retrospectively abstracted, de-identified, and analyzed to develop trends in referrals and frequency of rheumatic disease, non-rheumatic disease, and specific diagnoses. RESULTS: During the study period, 2638 patients were referred to and seen in by the pediatric rheumatology division. Six hundred and ten patients (23.1%) were diagnosed with rheumatic disease. The most common rheumatic disease was juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) at 45.6%, followed by primary Raynaud phenomenon (7.4%), recurrent fever syndromes (6.9%), vasculitides (6.7%), and inflammatory eye disease (6.2%). Of the 2028 patients (76.9%) diagnosed with a non-rheumatic condition, benign musculoskeletal pain was the most common (61.8%), followed by a combination of somatic conditions (11.6%), and non-inflammatory rash (7.7%). CONCLUSION: In this analysis of new patient referrals to a large pediatric rheumatology center, the majority of patients were diagnosed with a non-rheumatic condition. As a worsening supply-demand gap threatens the field of pediatric rheumatology, increased emphasis should be placed on reducing non-rheumatic disease referrals.
Sujet(s)
Arthrite juvénile , Rhumatismes , Rhumatologie , Enfant , Humains , Études rétrospectives , Rhumatismes/diagnostic , Rhumatismes/épidémiologie , Arthrite juvénile/diagnostic , Orientation vers un spécialisteRÉSUMÉ
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis is a common chronic childhood disease, with a prevalence of â¼1 per 1000 children. Arthritis can also be a manifestation of other inflammatory conditions, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Studies suggest a genetic influence in IBD, including mutations in CARD8. CARD8 is a negative regulator of the NLRP3 inflammasome, and mutations in this gene are hypothesized to induce gastrointestinal inflammation. However, few studies have evaluated this association and most have included a limited number of patients. We present a case of a pediatric patient with IBD-associated arthritis and a CARD8 mutation. Our patient is a 7-year-old female who was initially evaluated by rheumatology for right leg pain and an intermittent rash. She had clinically active arthritis on exam and was started on methotrexate with only slight improvement. Additional workup revealed sacroiliitis by imaging, elevated inflammatory markers, no anemia, and a variant of unknown significance in CARD8. Adalimumab was recommended but before medication initiation, our patient's symptoms progressed to worsening joint pain, fatigue, fevers, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and hematochezia. Infectious testing was negative. Fecal calprotectin was >8000 µg/g. A colonoscopy revealed IBD most consistent with Crohn's disease. Adalimumab was ultimately added, and she has responded well to combination therapy. This case report highlights the association between CARD8 mutations and IBD, especially in the setting of IBD-associated arthritis.
Sujet(s)
Arthrite juvénile , Maladie de Crohn , Maladies inflammatoires intestinales , Femelle , Humains , Enfant , Arthrite juvénile/complications , Arthrite juvénile/diagnostic , Arthrite juvénile/traitement médicamenteux , Adalimumab/génétique , Maladies inflammatoires intestinales/complications , Maladies inflammatoires intestinales/diagnostic , Maladies inflammatoires intestinales/traitement médicamenteux , Maladie de Crohn/complications , Maladie chronique , Mutation , Protéines tumorales/génétique , Protéines adaptatrices de signalisation CARD/génétiqueRÉSUMÉ
BACKGROUND: Studies of real-world effectiveness of belimumab in adults with systemic lupus erythematosus have shown improved disease control and decreased oral glucocorticoid use. However, belimumab use outside of clinical trial settings has not been well studied in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE). We aimed to characterize indications for belimumab use and evaluate oral glucocorticoid doses and disease activity scores in the year following belimumab initiation at a single, large pediatric rheumatology center. METHODS: We included children and young adults with cSLE who received ≥ 1 dose of belimumab. Repeated measures one-way ANOVA was used to compare SLEDAI-2K scores and prednisone-equivalent daily oral glucocorticoid doses at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months after belimumab initiation for those who continued therapy for a year. RESULTS: We identified 21 patients with cSLE who received ≥ 1 dose of belimumab. The median disease duration at belimumab initiation was 30.8 months [IQR 21.0-79.1]. At the time of belimumab initiation, 100% of patients were taking an antimalarial, 81% were on oral glucocorticoids, and 91% were on at least one conventional DMARD. Thirteen patients (62%) continued belimumab for ≥6 months and 11 (52%) for ≥12 months. Among those continuing belimumab for ≥12 months, median [IQR] oral prednisone daily doses in milligrams at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months were 12.5 [7.5-17.5], 9 [6.25-10], and 5 [5-9.5], p = 0.037, and median [IQR] SLEDAI-2K scores at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months were 8 [5.5-10.5], 6 [3.5-10], and 6 [6-8.5], p = 0.548, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In our cohort of pediatric patients with lupus and moderate disease activity treated with belimumab for ≥12 months, daily oral glucocorticoid doses were significantly lower 6 and 12 months after belimumab initiation than baseline. Use in patients with active nephritis was uncommon. Further research is needed in a large, multicenter cohort to determine the real-world effectiveness of belimumab in children and develop guidelines for use.
Sujet(s)
Lupus érythémateux disséminé , Jeune adulte , Humains , Enfant , Prednisone/usage thérapeutique , Lupus érythémateux disséminé/traitement médicamenteux , Lupus érythémateux disséminé/induit chimiquement , Glucocorticoïdes/usage thérapeutique , Immunosuppresseurs/effets indésirables , Études rétrospectives , Indice de gravité de la maladie , Résultat thérapeutiqueRÉSUMÉ
BACKGROUND: Childhood-onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (cSLE) is an autoimmune disease associated with fatigue, mood symptoms, and pain. Fortunately, these symptoms are potentially modifiable with psychological intervention such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). The Treatment and Education Approach for Childhood-onset Lupus (TEACH) program is a CBT intervention developed to target these symptoms for adolescents and young adults with cSLE. This pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) aims to determine the feasibility and effect of TEACH for youth with cSLE. Adjustments to the study protocol following the COVID-19 pandemic are also described. METHODS: This two-arm multisite RCT will explore the feasibility (primary outcome) and effect (secondary outcome) of a remotely delivered TEACH protocol. Participants will be randomized to a six-week remotely delivered TEACH program plus medical treatment as usual (TAU) or TAU alone. We will include patients ages 12-22 years presenting to rheumatology clinics from six sites. Validated measures of fatigue, depressive symptoms, and pain will be obtained at baseline and approximately eight and 20 weeks later. Protocol adjustments were also made due to the COVID-19 pandemic, in collaboration with the investigative team, which included patients and caregivers. CONCLUSIONS: Findings from this multi-site RCT aim to document the feasibility of TEACH and provide an estimate of effect of a remotely delivered TEACH protocol on fatigue, depression, and pain symptoms in youth with cSLE as compared to standard medical treatment alone. This findings may positively impact clinical care for patients with cSLE. CLINICAL TRIALS: gov registration: NCT04335643.
Sujet(s)
COVID-19 , Lupus érythémateux disséminé , Adolescent , Enfant , Humains , Jeune adulte , Fatigue , Lupus érythémateux disséminé/complications , Lupus érythémateux disséminé/thérapie , Lupus érythémateux disséminé/psychologie , Douleur , Projets pilotesRÉSUMÉ
OBJECTIVE: The goal was to characterize short-term kidney status and describe variation in early care utilization in a multicenter cohort of patients with childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) and nephritis. METHODS: We analyzed previously collected prospective data from North American patients with cSLE with kidney biopsy-proven nephritis enrolled in the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance (CARRA) Registry from March 2017 through December 2019. We determined the proportion of patients with abnormal kidney status at the most recent registry visit and applied generalized linear mixed models to identify associated factors. We also calculated frequency of medication use, both during induction and ever recorded. RESULTS: We identified 222 patients with kidney biopsy-proven nephritis, with 64% class III/IV nephritis on initial biopsy. At the most recent registry visit at median (interquartile range) of 17 (8-29) months from initial kidney biopsy, 58 of 106 patients (55%) with available data had abnormal kidney status. This finding was associated with male sex (odds ratio [OR] 3.88, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.21-12.46) and age at cSLE diagnosis (OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.01-1.49). Patients with class IV nephritis were more likely than class III to receive cyclophosphamide and rituximab during induction. There was substantial variation in mycophenolate, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab ever use patterns across rheumatology centers. CONCLUSION: In this cohort with predominately class III/IV nephritis, male sex and older age at cSLE diagnosis were associated with abnormal short-term kidney status. We also observed substantial variation in contemporary medication use for pediatric lupus nephritis between pediatric rheumatology centers. Additional studies are needed to better understand the impact of this variation on long-term kidney outcomes.
Sujet(s)
Arthrite juvénile , Lupus érythémateux disséminé , Glomérulonéphrite lupique , Rhumatologie , Enfant , Humains , Mâle , Glomérulonéphrite lupique/diagnostic , Glomérulonéphrite lupique/traitement médicamenteux , Glomérulonéphrite lupique/épidémiologie , Études prospectives , Rituximab/usage thérapeutique , Arthrite juvénile/complications , Rein/anatomopathologie , Lupus érythémateux disséminé/diagnostic , Lupus érythémateux disséminé/traitement médicamenteux , Lupus érythémateux disséminé/épidémiologie , Cyclophosphamide/usage thérapeutique , Enregistrements , Études rétrospectivesRÉSUMÉ
OBJECTIVE: Prompt escalation to tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFis) is recommended for children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and ongoing disease activity despite treatment with conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (cDMARDs). It is unknown whether these recommendations are equitably followed for children with different insurance types. We assessed the association of insurance coverage on the odds and timing of TNFi use. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study of children with newly diagnosed JIA in the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance (CARRA) Registry. We compared the odds of starting a TNFi in the first year and time from cDMARD to TNFi initiation between those with public and private insurance. RESULTS: We identified 1086 children with new JIA diagnoses. Publicly insured children had significantly higher active joint counts and parent/patient global assessment scores at the enrollment visit. They were also more likely to have polyarticular arthritis compared to those with private insurance. Odds of any TNFi use in the first year did not differ between publicly and privately insured children. Publicly insured children were escalated from cDMARD to TNFi more quickly than privately insured children. CONCLUSION: Children who were publicly insured had more severe disease and polyarticular involvement at registry enrollment compared to those who were privately insured. Whereas overall TNFi use did not differ between children with different insurance types, publicly insured children were escalated more quickly, consistent with their increased disease severity. Further research is needed to determine why insurance coverage type is associated with disease severity, including how other socioeconomic factors affect presentation to care.
Sujet(s)
Antirhumatismaux , Arthrite juvénile , Rhumatologie , Humains , Enfant , Arthrite juvénile/diagnostic , Inhibiteurs du facteur de nécrose tumorale/usage thérapeutique , Études rétrospectives , Antirhumatismaux/usage thérapeutique , Couverture d'assurance , EnregistrementsRÉSUMÉ
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate patient-reported care utilization and outcomes among young adults with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), including factors associated with complete transfer to adult rheumatology. METHODS: We included young adults with JIA enrolled in the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance (CARRA) Registry from 2015 to 2019 with age ≥ 18 years at their last clinical site visit. We used data from the CARRA Registry Long-term Follow-up program, which follows inactive CARRA Registry patients and collects patient-reported information through phone surveys. We compared the characteristics of respondents with complete and incomplete transfer to adult rheumatology care at their first Long-term Follow-up phone survey. RESULTS: We identified 540 young adults with JIA; 187 (35%) responded to the Long-term Follow-up phone survey. The 54% of respondents with complete transfer to adult rheumatology were slightly older and reported more self-assessed disease activity, morning stiffness, and pain compared to those with incomplete transfer. Biologic use was high at both timepoints and did not differ by transfer status. Patients who completed the transfer were more likely to have private insurance and be actively pursuing postsecondary education compared to those with an incomplete transfer. Across the cohort, 65% reported problems with pain or discomfort and 45% with anxiety or depression. CONCLUSION: Young adult respondents with JIA in the CARRA Registry commonly report persistent medication use, but still report more problems with pain as compared to population norms. Additional work is needed to understand how best to address comorbid pain around the period of transition to adult care.
Sujet(s)
Arthrite juvénile , Rhumatologie , Humains , Enfant , Jeune adulte , Adolescent , Arthrite juvénile/traitement médicamenteux , Mesures des résultats rapportés par les patients , Enregistrements , DouleurRÉSUMÉ
OBJECTIVES: Despite poor health care transition outcomes among young adults with pediatric rheumatic diseases, adoption of transition best practices is low. We sought to understand how structured transition processes were operationalized within pediatric rheumatology practices and what factors were perceived to enable adaptations during a global pandemic. METHODS: We conducted a mixed methods study of team leaders' experiences during an interim analysis of a pilot project to implement transition policy discussions at sites in the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance Transition Learning Collaborative. We combined quantitative assessments of organizational readiness for change (9 sites) and semistructured interviews of team leaders (8 sites) using determinants in the Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, Sustainment Framework. RESULTS: Engagement of nursing and institutional improvement efforts facilitated decisions to implement transition policies. Workflows incorporating educational processes by nonphysicians were perceived to be critical for success. When the pandemic disrupted contact with nonphysicians, capacity for automation using electronic medical record (EMR)-based tools was an important facilitator, but few sites could access these tools. Sites without EMR-based tools did not progress despite reporting high organizational readiness to implement change at the clinic level. Lastly, educational processes were often superseded by acute issues, such that youth with greater medical/psychosocial complexity may not receive the intervention. CONCLUSION: We generated several considerations to guide implementation of transition processes within pediatric rheumatology from the perspectives of team leaders. Careful assessment of institutional and nursing support is advisable before conducting complex transition interventions. Ideally, new strategies would ensure interventions reach youth with high complexity.
Sujet(s)
Rhumatologie , Transition aux soins pour adultes , Enfant , Adolescent , Jeune adulte , Humains , Transfert de patient , Projets pilotesRÉSUMÉ
The transition from pediatric to adult care is the focus of growing research. It is important to identify how to direct future research efforts for maximum effect. Our goals were to perform a scoping review of the transition literature, highlight gaps in transition research, and offer stakeholder guidance on the importance and feasibility of research questions designed to fill identified gaps. The transition literature on rheumatic diseases and other common pediatric-onset chronic diseases was grouped and summarized. Based on the findings, a survey was developed and disseminated to pediatric rheumatologists and young adults with rheumatic diseases as well as their caregivers. The transitional care needs of patients, healthcare teams, and caregivers is well described in the literature. While various transition readiness scales exist, no longitudinal posttransfer study confirms their predictive validity. Multiple outcome measures are used alone or in combination to define a successful transition or intervention. Multimodal interventions are most effective at improving transition-related outcomes. How broader health policy affects transition is poorly studied. Research questions that ranked highest for importance and feasibility included those related to identifying and tracking persons with psychosocial vulnerabilities or other risk factors for poor outcomes. Interventions surrounding improving self-efficacy and health literacy were also ranked highly. In contrast to healthcare teams (n = 107), young adults/caregivers (n = 23) prioritized research surrounding improved work, school, or social function. The relevant transition literature is summarized and future research questions prioritized, including the creation of processes to identify and support young adults vulnerable to poor outcomes.
Sujet(s)
Rhumatismes , Rhumatologie , Transition aux soins pour adultes , Jeune adulte , Enfant , Humains , Rhumatologie/méthodes , Enquêtes et questionnaires , AidantsRÉSUMÉ
BACKGROUND: Primary (familial) hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (pHLH) is a potentially lethal syndrome of infancy, caused by genetic defects in natural killer (NK) cell and CD8 T cell cytotoxicity, leading to hyperinflammation, elevated cytokine levels, and a disorganized immune response resulting in multi-organ system failure and frequently death. Secondary HLH (sHLH) can be triggered in the setting of malignances, diseases of chronic immune system activation, or by infectious etiologies. While pHLH is usually a result of homozygous gene mutations, monoallelic hypomorphic and dominant-negative mutations in pHLH genes have been implicated in sHLH. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been an omnipresent viral infection since its arrival, and severe cases can present with cytokine storm and have clinical features and laboratory findings consistent with sHLH. Herein, we report an adolescent with severe COVID-19, decreased NK cell function, and features of sHLH. Her genetic evaluation identified a monoallelic missense mutation in the pHLH gene STXBP2, and NK cell assays of her blood showed decreased cytolysis and degranulation ex vivo. METHODS: Patient data was extracted through an electronic medical record review. Using a lentiviral approach, the patient's STXBP2 mutation and wild-type (WT) STXBP2 were separately transduced into the NK-92 human NK cell line. The WT and mutant STXBP2 transduced NK-92 cells were stimulated with NK-sensitive K562 erythroleukemia target cells in vitro, and NK cell degranulation and cytolysis were measured via CD107a expression and Live/Dead near-IR dye, respectively. RESULTS: Compared to WT STXBP2, the patient's STXBP2 mutation caused significantly decreased NK cell cytolysis and associated degranulation in vitro. CONCLUSION: These findings add weight to the hypothesis that some severe cases of COVID-19 may be accompanied by sHLH and hyperinflammation, especially in the setting of heterozygous pHLH genetic mutations. This has implications both diagnostically and therapeutically for severe COVID-19.
RÉSUMÉ
OBJECTIVE: The study objective was to compare leukocyte telomere length (LTL) among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) diagnosed in childhood versus adulthood. METHODS: Data are from the Black Women's Experiences Living with Lupus (BeWELL) study. Multivariable linear regression analyses that examined childhood diagnosis of SLE (diagnosed before 18 years of age), age, and their interaction in relationship to LTL were conducted, adjusting for a range of demographic, socioeconomic, and health-related covariates. RESULTS: The total analytic sample size was 415. Forty participants (9.6%) were diagnosed in childhood. There was no main effect of childhood diagnosis on LTL (b = 0.007; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.089 to 0.103). However, the interaction between age and childhood diagnosis was significant (b = -0.008; 95% CI: -0.016 to -0.001), indicating a steeper inverse association between age and LTL among those diagnosed in childhood compared with those diagnosed in adulthood. This interaction remained statistically significant (P = 0.024) after controlling for disease duration measured dichotomously (less than 10 years vs. 10 years or more); it was marginally significant (P = 0.083) when controlling for disease duration measured continuously. CONCLUSION: This cross-sectional analysis suggests that Black women with childhood-onset SLE may undergo accelerated LTL shortening compared with their adult-onset counterparts. This relationship persisted even after controlling for differences in SLE damage and disease duration. These findings inform research on immunosenescence mechanisms of SLE.
RÉSUMÉ
The translation of research findings into clinical practice is challenging, especially fields like in pediatric rheumatology, where the evidence base is limited, there are few clinical trials, and the conditions are rare and heterogeneous. Implementation science methodologies have been shown to reduce the research- to- practice gap in other clinical settings may have similar utility in pediatric rheumatology. This paper describes the key discussion points from the inaugural Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance Implementation Science retreat held in February 2020. The aim of this report is to synthesize those findings into an Implementation Science Roadmap for pediatric rheumatology research. This roadmap is based on three foundational principles: fostering curiosity and ensuring discovery, integration of research and quality improvement, and patient-centeredness. We include six key steps anchored in the principles of implementation science. Applying this roadmap will enable researchers to evaluate the full range of research activities, from the initial clinical design and evidence acquisition to the application of those findings in pediatric rheumatology clinics and direct patient care.
Sujet(s)
Arthrite juvénile , Recherche biomédicale , Science de la mise en oeuvre , Pédiatrie , Rhumatologie , , HumainsRÉSUMÉ
Implementation science is the study of processes that promote reliable uptake of evidence-based practices into clinical care. The integration of implementation science and health disparities research approaches has been proposed as a method to reduce health inequity through detection, understanding, and implementation of health equity-focused interventions. In this review, we provide an argument for the study of implementation science in pediatric rheumatology in light of previously observed health disparities, present a framework for the study of health equity and implementation science in pediatric rheumatology, and propose next steps to accelerate action.
Sujet(s)
Équité en santé , Rhumatologie , Enfant , Inégalités en matière de santé , Disparités d'accès aux soins , Humains , Science de la mise en oeuvre , Plan de rechercheRÉSUMÉ
Lupus nephritis (LN) is a life-threatening manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and is more common in children than adults. The epidemiology and management of childhood-onset SLE (cSLE) have changed over time, prompting the need to reassess expected outcomes. The purpose of this study is to use the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance (CARRA) prospective registry to validate historical principles of LN in a contemporary, real-world cohort. After an extensive literature review, six principles of LN in cSLE were identified. The CARRA registry was queried to evaluate these principles in determining the rate of LN in cSLE, median time from cSLE diagnosis to LN, short-term renal outcomes, and frequency of rituximab as an induction therapy. Of the 677 cSLE patients in the CARRA registry, 32% had documented LN. Decline in kidney function was more common in Black cSLE patients than non-Black patients (p = 0.04). Black race was associated with worse short-term renal outcomes. In short-term follow up, most children with LN had unchanged or improved kidney function, and end stage kidney disease (ESKD) was rare. Ongoing follow-up of cSLE patients in the CARRA registry will be necessary to evaluate long-term outcomes to inform risk, management, and prognosis of LN in cSLE.
Sujet(s)
Lupus érythémateux disséminé , Glomérulonéphrite lupique , Âge de début , Enfant , Études de cohortes , Humains , Rein/physiopathologie , Études longitudinales , Glomérulonéphrite lupique/traitement médicamenteux , Glomérulonéphrite lupique/épidémiologieRÉSUMÉ
OBJECTIVE: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a significant public health challenge, particularly for immunocompromised patients. Our aim was to evaluate the serologic immunity in immunocompromised rheumatology and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients, assess factors for serologic nonimmunity, and evaluate their response to 1 HBV booster dose. METHODS: Immunocompromised rheumatology and IBD patients with completed HBV screening were identified. A chart review was performed to collect demographics, clinical information, baseline HBV serology results, and serologic response to booster vaccination. Serologic nonimmunity was defined as a negative/indeterminate hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) level. RESULTS: Among 580 patients, 71% were nonimmune. The highest portion of nonimmune patients were 11-18 years old (P = 0.004). There was no significant difference between immune and nonimmune patients with regards to diagnosis (P = 0.34), age at diagnosis (P = 0.64), duration of treatment (P = 0.07), or type of medications (P = 0.08). Sixty-two percent of those who received a booster vaccine were rescreened, and most (68%) seroconverted. In those 18 years or older, only half seroconverted. CONCLUSION: Results of this study support the benefit of HBV screening in immunosuppressed patients. Beginning at age 11 years, most patients lacked serologic immunity to HBV. Seroconversion for most patients 11-18 years occurred after 1 booster vaccine. Thus, for immunocompromised patients without recent HBV serologic data, obtaining the HBV serology beginning at age 11 years might be considered. Those 18 years and older were least likely to seroconvert after 1 booster, indicating that they may benefit from receiving the 3-dose HBV vaccine series.
Sujet(s)
Hépatite B , Maladies inflammatoires intestinales , Rhumatologie , Adolescent , Enfant , Hépatite B/prévention et contrôle , Anticorps de l'hépatite B , Humains , Sujet immunodéprimé , VaccinationRÉSUMÉ
OBJECTIVE: Initial benchmarking of childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) quality indicators revealed suboptimal performance across multiple centers. Our aim was to improve cardiovascular and bone health screenings at a tertiary treatment center for cSLE. This included annual measurements of vitamin D, lipid profiles, and bone mineral density through dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). METHODS: Quality improvement methodology was applied to design and implement a standardized previsit planning process to electronically entered and saved orders for needed screenings prior to a scheduled clinic visit. Process outcomes were measured using statistical process control charts. Univariate analyses were completed to assess patient-level factors. RESULTS: During the study, 123 patients with cSLE participated across 619 clinic visits. The percentage of patients with completed screenings improved from 54% to 92% for annual vitamin D, 55% to 84% for annual lipid profiles, and 57% to 78% for DXA, which was sustained for more than 1 year. Providers responded to a majority of abnormal results, and improvement in the average vitamin D level was observed over time. Higher levels of disease activity, damage, number of clinic visits, and screenings completed at baseline were observed in patients with all screenings completed at the end of the intervention. CONCLUSION: Implementation of elements of the chronic illness care model for cSLE management improved performance of cardiovascular and bone health screenings, a step toward preventing longterm morbidity in cSLE. Our study also suggests that more patient interaction with the healthcare system may promote successful completion of health maintenance screenings.
Sujet(s)
Densité osseuse , Lupus érythémateux disséminé , Âge de début , Humains , Lupus érythémateux disséminé/diagnostic , Qualité des soins de santé , Vitamine DRÉSUMÉ
BACKGROUND: Hepatitis B infection is a significant public health challenge despite improvements in vaccination efforts. Patients such as those on chronic immunosuppressive therapy for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or rheumatic disease may incur greater risk. The risk of reactivation of hepatitis B while on immunosuppressive therapy may have mortality rates up to 25%. These patients should be screened for acute or chronic infection and vaccinated if necessary. Our aim was to reliably complete hepatitis B screenings in patients receiving infliximab at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC). METHODS: Eligible patients included all patients with gastroenterology (GI) IBD and rheumatology receiving infliximab between October 2015 and March 2016. Using quality improvement methodology and the 'plan-do-study-act' (PDSA) approach, interventions centred around education of clinical providers, previsit planning and the development of 'talking points' for patients. RESULTS: An initial screen of the IBD population revealed that 48% of the IBD patient population had been screened for anti-HBs alone, but no patients from GI or rheumatology divisions had a complete set of hepatitis B serology prior to the intervention including anti-Hep B Core and Hep B Surface Antigen. Seven PDSA cycles were performed during the 32-week intervention period, resulting in an increase in patients screened from 0% to ~85%. By March 2016, a total of 251 patients (201 GI, 50 rheumatology) had up-to-date hepatitis B serology screening. Automated ordering of the hepatitis B serology and 'talking points' for the provider had the greatest impact on successful screening. CONCLUSIONS: We developed a method to obtain hepatitis B serology on at-risk patients on infliximab within two subspecialty divisions within a large children's hospital. Next steps will be to develop a process to reliably provide vaccines for patients who are seronegative, expand this process to all patients who are identified as immunocompromised within GI and rheumatology and then expand this process to other divisions at the CCHMC.
RÉSUMÉ
The authors examined the prevalence of self-reported ageist behaviors in a lifespan sample ranging in age from 13 to 91 years. Participants completed the Relating to Older People Evaluation (Cherry & Palmore). Results indicated that adolescents and young adults reported fewer ageist behaviors overall than did middle-aged and older adults. Positive ageist behaviors were more frequent than negative ageist behaviors for people of all ages. Women endorsed positive ageism items more often than men, although men and women did not differ in frequency of negative ageist behaviors. Follow-up analyses on participants' responses to two knowledge of aging measures, the Facts on Aging Quiz and the Knowledge of Memory Aging Questionnaire, showed that knowledge of aging was significantly correlated with negative ageist behaviors, after controlling for age and gender. Implications of these findings for current views of ageism (positive and negative) are discussed.