The Relationship between Dietary Pattern and Sleep Apnea: A Study Using Recommended Food Score and Berlin Questionnaire

Background@#Sleep apnea, characterized by interruptions in breathing during sleep, presents health risks and has been associated with various dietary patterns. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between dietary patterns, as measured by the Recommended Food Score (RFS), and the risk of sleep apnea, as assessed using the Berlin Questionnaire. @*Methods@#A total of 11,586 adults from a general hospital in Korea were included in the analysis. Participants completed a questionnaire covering demographic factors, lifestyle behaviors, and dietary habits. Dietary quality was assessed using the RFS, while sleep apnea risk was evaluated using the Berlin Questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the impact of RFS on sleep quality, adjusting for potential confounding factors. @*Results@#Higher RFS was negatively correlated with sleep apnea risk (odds ratio=0.91 [95% confidence interval, 0.82–1.00, P=0.048)]. Significant positive associations were observed between male sex, low education level, marital status, smoking, drinking, inactivity, high blood pressure, high waist circumference, high levels of triglycerides, and poor sleep quality. Hematologic markers such as C-reactive protein levels and glutamic pyruvic transaminase also displayed significant associations with sleep quality. @*Conclusions@#This study contributes to our understanding of the complex interplay between diet, lifestyle, metabolic health, and sleep quality. These findings underscore the importance of dietary interventions in managing sleep apnea and highlight avenues for further research.

Infectious Skin Diseases of Korean National Wrestlers: A Cross-sectional Observational Study / 대한스포츠의학회지

Purpose@#Wrestlers have a lot of direct skin-to-skin contact between wrestlers during matches, and many studies show that wrestlers are vulnerable to the spread of skin infections. However, there have been few studies on skin infections in Korean wrestlers. The purpose of this study was to compare the characteristics of skin diseases in wrestlers and other athletes. @*Methods@#Athletes who visited for skin diseases in the Department of Family Medicine in the Jincheon National Training Center in 2018 were investigated. We calculated the duration of skin disease per training period (DSD/TP) as the number of visits×7 days×1,000/official training days. Athletes with a DSD/TP above the median value or equal to were defined as the high DSD/TP group, and the others were defined as the low DSD/TP group. A chi-square test was used to compare the odds ratio [OR] for these groups about infectious and noninfectious skin diseases. @*Results@#Thirty wrestlers and 89 other sports players visited the infirmary with skin diseases. The probability of belonging to the high DSD/TP group was significantly higher when the wrestlers visited for skin infections than the other athletes (OR, 7.714; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.699–22.048). However, there was no significant difference in noninfectious skin diseases between wrestling and other sports (OR, 0.569; 95% CI, 0.246–1.320). @*Conclusion@#This is the first study that shows Korean national wrestlers with skin diseases receive more treatment for infectious skin diseases than other sports. This study can provide important information on the prevention of wrestlers for skin infections.

Effect of Empowering Leadership on Work Engagement and the Mediating Effect of Job Crafting among Clinical Nurses / 간호행정학회지

Purpose@#This study aimed to identify the effects of empowering leadership and job crafting on work engagement among nurses. @*Methods@#Data were collected from 161 hospital nurses. Data were analyzed using the independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient and Hayes's PROCESS macro method for the mediation effect. @*Results@#Empowering leadership and job crafting showed a significantly positive correlation with work engagement. Furthermore, job crafting had a mediating effect on the relationship between empowering leadership and work engagement. @*Conclusion@#A strategy that enhances task job crafting and cognitive job crafting of members by strengthening manager's empowering leadership can lead to work engagement and have a positive effect on organizational performance.

Risk Factors for Various Cognitive Function Decline Trajectories in Adults Over 40 Years of Age: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Objective@#The aims of our study were to identify distinct trajectories of cognitive function using the group-based trajectory model. We also investigate which demographic factors act as risk factors for cognitive decline in each group. @*Methods@#The data from the Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, from 2005 to 2019. The number of study subjects was 637. We used a group-based model to identify cognitive function trajectories. Multinomial logistic regression was employed to define risk factors for cognitive function decline. @*Results@#The cognitive function trajectories among adults over 40 years of age were heterogeneous. We identified four trajectories: high (27.3%), medium (41.0%), low (22.7%), and rapid decline (9.1%). Older age, male, low educational level, bad dietary habits, diabetes mellitus, technical worker, and lower income increased the likelihood of a cognitive function decline. @*Conclusion@#A younger age, a higher educational level, professional worker, good dietary habits, no diabetes mellitus, and no obesity improved cognitive function. A combination of these factors can improve “cognitive reserve” and delay cognitive decline. Interventions to prevent cognitive decline are needed after identification of high-risk groups for cognitive decline.

Effect of Nursing Wok Environment, Job Crafting and Organizational Commitment on Nurses’ Job Satisfaction / 간호행정학회지

Purpose@#This study was conducted to identify the effects of nursing work environment, job crafting and organizational commitment on nurses’ job satisfaction perceived by nurses @*Methods@#The research model was designed based on Hayes’s PROCESS macro model 6. Participants were 122 nurses from general hospitals. A survey was conducted and data were collected in March 2019. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlations and Hayes's PROCESS macro method for mediation. @*Results@#Job satisfaction showed a significant positive correlation with the nursing work environment, job crafting and organizational commitment. Furthermore, job crafting and organizational commitment had a mediating effect on the relationship between the nursing work environment and job satisfaction. @*Conclusion@#The impact of the nursing work environment on job satisfaction among general hospital nurses was mediated by job crafting and organizational commitment. Considering the mediating effects of job crafting and organizational commitment on the relationship between nursing work environment and job satisfaction, a strategy should be developed for enhancing job crafting and organizational commitment to improve nurses’ working environments and, thus, their job satisfaction.

Effect of Nursing Organizational culture, Organizational Silence, and Organizational Commitment on the Intention of Retention among Nurses: Applying the PROCESS Macro Model 6 / 한국직업건강간호학회지

Purpose@#This study aimed to identify the effects of organizational culture, organizational silence, and organizational commitment on the intention of retention as perceived by nurses @*Methods@#The research model was designed on the basis of the PROCESS Macro model 6 proposed by Hayes. The participants were 142 nurses from general hospitals. Measurements included the scales of organizational culture, organizational silence, organizational commitment, and intention of retentione. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation coefficient analysis, and Hayes's PROCESS macro method for mediation. @*Results@#Retention intention showed a significantly positive correlation with relationship-orientated culture (r=.32, p<.001), innovationorientated culture (r=.30, p<.001), and organizational commitment (r=.48, p<.001). However retention intention showed a significantly negative correlation with organizational silence (r=-.42, p<.001). Furthermore, organizational silence and commitment had a mediating effect on the relationship between organizational culture and intention of retention. @*Conclusion@#The impact of organizational culture on intention of retention in general hospitals was mediated by organizational silence and organizational commitment. Considering the mediating effects of organizational silence and organizational commitment on the relationship between nursing organizational culture and retention intention, a strategy should be developed to enhance organizational commitment and weaken organizational silence by strengthening related and innovative nursing culture.

Relationship of Communication Competence with Caring Behavior in Clinical Nurses: The Mediating Effect of Compassion Competence / 기본간호학회지

Purpose@#This study was done to identify the mediating effect of compassion competence on the relationship between communication competence and caring behavior in clinical nurses. @*Methods@#A structured self-report questionnaire was used to measure caring behavior, communication competence, and compassion competence. During September 2019, data were collected from 170 nurses working at general hospitals. Data were analyzed using hierarchical multiple linear regression with SPSS for Windows version 23.0 and Hayes's SPSS process macro (version 3.5). @*Results@#Communication skills (β=.52) and compassion ability (β=.77) were identified as important predictors of nurses’ caring behavior. These variables explained approximately 54% of the variance in nurses’ caring behavior. Compassion competence also had a total mediating effect on the relationship between communication competence and caring behavior. @*Conclusion@#In order to enhance the caring behavior of clinical nurses, enhancing compassion competence by strengthening communication development should be considered as a strategy.

Effects of the Adversity Quotient on Turnover Intention of New Nurses in General Hospitals: Focusing on the Mediating Effect of Reality Shock / 간호행정학회지

Purpose@#This study was done to identify the effect of adversity quotient and reality shock on the turnover intention among new nurses in general hospitals. @*Methods@#Participants were 158 new nurses in general hospitals. A survey was used and data were collected in April 2019. Data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS/WIN 22.0 program. @*Results@#The significant predictors for the turnover intention of new nurses were training status (β=.38), age (β=.19) and reality shock (β=.51). These variables explained 46.3% of the variance in turnover intention of nurses. Also, reality shock had a total mediating effect on the relationship between adversity quotient and turnover intention. @*Conclusion@#Findings indicate that adversity quotient and reality shock are important factors for turnover intention of new nurses in general hospitals.

Mediation Effects of Calling and Role Breadth Self-efficacy on the Relationship between Supportive Supervision and Job Crafting of Nurses in General Hospitals / 간호행정학회지

Purpose@#This study was done to identify mediating effects of calling and role breadth self-efficacy in the relationship between supportive supervision and job crafting for nurses in general hospitals. @*Methods@#A descriptive correlational design was used. Participants were 128 nurses in general hospitals. Measurements included the Supportive Supervision Scale, the Job Crafting Scale, the Korean version of the Calling and Vocation Questionnaire, and the Role Breadth Self-efficacy Scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficients analysis, and multiple regression analysis with Hayes's method for mediation. @*Results@#Supportive supervision showed a significant positive correlation with calling (r=.51, p<.001) and role breadth self-efficacy (r=.40, p<.001). Job crafting was also significantly correlated with supportive supervision (r=.51, p<.001), calling (r=.42, p<.001), and role breadth self-efficacy (r=.38, p<.001). Furthermore, calling (β=.15, p=.013) and role breadth self-efficacy (β=.15, p=.011) showed a mediation effect on the relationship between supportive supervision and job crafting. @*Conclusion@#The impact of supportive supervision on job crafting in general hospital nurses was mediated by calling and role breadth self-efficacy. This result suggests that strategies for enhancing supportive supervision, calling and role breadth self-efficacy of nurses in general hospitals should be considered when developing programs for improving nurses’ job crafting.

Communication Competence, Nursing Professionalism and Job Performance among Home Healthcare Nurses / 간호행정학회지

Purpose@#This study was done to identify the effects of communication competence and nursing professionalism on job performance among home healthcare nurses. @*Methods@#The participants were 116 home healthcare nurses working at the hospitals. Data were collected from February 11 to March 22, 2019 and were analyzed with Multiple Regression Analysis. @*Results@#The most influential factors on job performance were hospital type (β=-.21, p=.006), communication competence (β=.30, p=.001) and nursing professionalism (β=.32, p<.001) which together explained up to 40% of job performance. @*Conclusion@#To improve nursing performance of home healthcare nurses, it is necessary to develop programs and strategies to enhance communication competence and nursing professionalism.

Effects of the Adversity Quotient on Turnover Intention of New Nurses in General Hospitals: Focusing on the Mediating Effect of Reality Shock / 간호행정학회지

Purpose@#This study was done to identify the effect of adversity quotient and reality shock on the turnover intention among new nurses in general hospitals. @*Methods@#Participants were 158 new nurses in general hospitals. A survey was used and data were collected in April 2019. Data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS/WIN 22.0 program. @*Results@#The significant predictors for the turnover intention of new nurses were training status (β=.38), age (β=.19) and reality shock (β=.51). These variables explained 46.3% of the variance in turnover intention of nurses. Also, reality shock had a total mediating effect on the relationship between adversity quotient and turnover intention. @*Conclusion@#Findings indicate that adversity quotient and reality shock are important factors for turnover intention of new nurses in general hospitals.

Mediating Effects of Resilience between Nurse's Character and Happiness for Nurses in General Hospitals / 간호행정학회지

PURPOSE@#This study was done to identify the mediating effect of resilience on the relationship between nurse's character and happiness for nurses in general hospitals.@*METHODS@#Participants were 139 nurses working in general hospitals. A survey was used and data were collected in April 2019. Data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS/WIN 22.0 program.@*RESULTS@#The significant predictors for the happiness of nurses were nurse's character (β=.56) and resilience (β=.80). These variables explained 67% of the variance in happiness of nurses. Also, resilience had a total mediating effect on the relationship between nurse's character and happiness.@*CONCLUSION@#Findings indicate that nurse's character and resilience are important factors for the happiness of nurses in general hospitals.

Mediating Effects of Self-efficacy between Calling and Nursing Professionalism for Nurses in General Hospitals / 간호행정학회지

PURPOSE: This study was done to identify the mediating effect of self-efficacy on the relationships between calling and nursing professionalism for nurses in general hospitals. METHODS: Participants were 119 nurses in general hospitals. A survey was used and data were collected in April 2018. Data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS/WIN 22.0 program. RESULTS: The significant predictors for the nursing professionalism of nurses were self-efficacy (β=.61) and clinical career in current hospital (β=−.21). These variables explained 42% of the variance in nursing professionalism of nurses. Also, self-efficacy had a total mediating effect on the relationship between calling and nursing professionalism. CONCLUSION: Findings indicate that calling and self-efficacy are important factors for nursing professionalism of nurses in general hospitals.

Mediating Effects of Person-environment Fit between Calling and Job Satisfaction of Nurses in Small and Medium Size General Hospitals / 간호행정학회지

PURPOSE: This study was done to identify the mediating effect of person-environment fit on the relationships between calling and job satisfaction for nurses in small and medium size general hospitals. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was used and data were collected in April 2018. Participants were 117 nurses in two small and medium size general hospitals. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficients and hierarchical multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 22.0. RESULTS: There were statistically significant positive correlations among calling, person-environment fit, and job satisfaction. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed that calling and person-environment fit explained 35% of job satisfaction. Also, person-environment fit had a total mediating effect on the relationship between calling and job satisfaction. CONCLUSION: Findings indicate that calling and person-environment fit are important factors for job satisfaction of nurses in small and medium size hospitals.

A Case of a Rapidly Progressive Small Bowel Lymphoma with High Ki-67 Expression

Primary intestinal lymphoma is a rare disease. It accounts for approximately 1~4% of gastrointestinal malignancy. Extranodal lymphoma of the intestine mainly arises from B cells. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is the most common type of the disease. Approximately 40% of intestinal lymphoma can be cured, while 60% have varied disease progression. Ki-67 proliferation has been recently used as an index of cell growth to predict the progression of the disease. Reported herein is a case of a rapidly progressive small bowel diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in a 51-year-old man with a high Ki-67 expression level. He visited the emergency department because of hematochezia. Abdominal computed tomography revealed distal small bowel segmental wall thickening. He underwent operation due to spontaneous small bowel perforation. The result of the pathological examination of the resected specimen was compatible with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. The Ki-67 index within 5 months was 90%.