Dermatophagoides farinae induces conjunctival epithelial cell damage to promote neutrophil migration and neutrophil extracellular traps formation / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To investigate the mechanisms underlying allergic conjunctivitis caused by conjunctival epithelial cell damage, neutrophil migration and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation induced by crude extracts of Dermatophagoides farinae mite (CDM). Methods Human conjunctival epithelial cells were stimulated with 500, 1 000, 2 000, 4 000 ng/mL, and the expression levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and IL-8 were detected using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The culture supernatant of human conjunctival epithelial cells was collected and co-cultured with neutrophils. Neutrophil migration was measured using Transwell migration assay, and the expression of NETs markers myeloperoxidase (MPO) and citrullinated histone H3 (CitH3) was quantified using immunofluorescence staining. Neutrophils were stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), and then NETs were collected for treatment of human conjunctival epithelial cells. Cell apoptosis was detected using flow cytometry, and the levels of IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-8 were measured in the cell culture supernatant using ELISA. Results Treatment with CDM at concentrations of 2 000 ng/mL and 4 000 ng/mL up-regulated IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-8 expression in human conjunctival epithelial cells. Following treatment with CDM at concentrations of 2 000 ng/mL and 4 000 ng/mL, the culture supernatant of human conjunctival epithelial cells promoted neutrophil migration and induced increases in the staining intensity of MPO and CitH3. In addition, increased NETs triggered the apoptosis of human conjunctival epithelial cells and IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-8 secretion in the culture supernatant of human conjunctival epithelial cells. Conclusions CDM induces human conjunctival epithelial cell damages, thereby promoting neutrophil migration and NETs formation, while the release of NETs further aggravates human conjunctival epithelial cell damages.

Dermatophagoides farinae induces conjunctival epithelial cell damage to promote neutrophil migration and neutrophil extracellular traps formation / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the mechanisms underlying allergic conjunctivitis caused by conjunctival epithelial cell damage, neutrophil migration and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation induced by crude extracts of Dermatophagoides farinae mite (CDM).@*METHODS@#Human conjunctival epithelial cells were stimulated with 500, 1 000, 2 000, 4 000 ng/mL, and the expression levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and IL-8 were detected using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The culture supernatant of human conjunctival epithelial cells was collected and co-cultured with neutrophils. Neutrophil migration was measured using Transwell migration assay, and the expression of NETs markers myeloperoxidase (MPO) and citrullinated histone H3 (CitH3) was quantified using immunofluorescence staining. Neutrophils were stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), and then NETs were collected for treatment of human conjunctival epithelial cells. Cell apoptosis was detected using flow cytometry, and the levels of IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-8 were measured in the cell culture supernatant using ELISA.@*RESULTS@#Treatment with CDM at concentrations of 2 000 ng/mL and 4 000 ng/mL up-regulated IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-8 expression in human conjunctival epithelial cells. Following treatment with CDM at concentrations of 2 000 ng/mL and 4 000 ng/mL, the culture supernatant of human conjunctival epithelial cells promoted neutrophil migration and induced increases in the staining intensity of MPO and CitH3. In addition, increased NETs triggered the apoptosis of human conjunctival epithelial cells and IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-8 secretion in the culture supernatant of human conjunctival epithelial cells.@*CONCLUSIONS@#CDM induces human conjunctival epithelial cell damages, thereby promoting neutrophil migration and NETs formation, while the release of NETs further aggravates human conjunctival epithelial cell damages.

Urban-Rural Differences in Subjective Well-Being of Older Adult Learners in China.

Population aging has brought great challenges to many regions throughout the world. Enhancing the sense of participation, access, and well-being of older adults is the goal of China's aging development. This study, taking urban-rural difference as the entry point, examined the difference in subjective well-being between urban and rural older learners. A total of 2,007 older adults learners (n = 2007) aged over 50 years were recruited in Zhejiang, Anhui, and Shandong Provinces in China, including 773 rural older adults and 1,234 urban older adults. This study found that there was a significant positive correlation between senior learning and the subjective well-being of urban and rural older adult learners. Furthermore, there was a significant difference between the subjective well-being of urban and rural older adult learners' and there was also an urban-rural difference between the effects of older adult learning on the subjective well-being. Based on the above findings, this study reveals the mechanism of the impact of older adult learning on subjective well-being of urban and rural older adults and gives relevant suggestions for improving the subjective well-being of urban and rural older learners.

A study on the influence of situational simulation training combined with Miller pyramid teaching on emergency response ability and nursing skills of operating room nurses / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To explore the effect of situational simulation training combined with Miller pyramid teaching on emergency response ability and nursing skills of specialized nurses in operating room.Methods:A total of 56 disaster nursing trainees who received specialized nurse training in the operating room of Mianyang Central Hospital from June 2019 to June 2020 were selected in the study, and they were divided into control group and research group in average according to the order of training time. The control group adopted clinical one-to-one teaching, while the research group adopted situational simulation training combined with Miller pyramid teaching. After the training, the teaching effect of specialized nurse training was evaluated by their professional theoretical knowledge and nursing skill operation results, and self-designed assessment scale was used to evaluate the emergency response ability and satisfaction with the training effect of the nurses. SPSS 22.0 was used for t test and chi-square test. Results:The results of theoretical knowledge and nursing skills operation of specialize nurses in operating room in the research group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.001). The scores of emergency capability assessment in the research group were significantly higher than those in the control group, with statistical significance ( P<0.001). The study group was better than the control group in 7 aspects of satisfaction, such as the improvement of the operation level of emergency ability, team cooperation ability, analysis and problem solving ability, clinical nursing decision-making ability, independent thinking ability and nurse-patient communication ability, with significant differences ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Situational simulation training combined with Miller pyramid teaching can significantly improve the emergency response ability, nursing skill operation and training satisfaction of operating room nurses, which is better than the traditional clinical teaching method, and is worthy of application and promotion in clinical nursing teaching.

Efficacy observation of Da Vinci robotic thyroidectomy in treatment of the unilateral papillary thyroid microcarcinoma / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective:To investigate the advantages of Da Vinci robotic thyroidectomy in treatment of the unilateral papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC).Methods:The clinical data of 49 patients with unilateral thyroid cancer admitted to the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from June 2018 to March 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, and they were divided into Da Vinci robotic group (the experimental group, 18 cases) and conventional surgery group (the control group, 31 cases) according to the surgical method. The clinicopathological characteristics, perioperative and postoperative related indexes changes, length of hospital stay, incidence of surgical complications, and operation cost of both groups of patients were analyzed. Visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to evaluate postoperative pain.Results:There were statistically significant differences in age, marriage and education background of both groups (all P < 0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the number of central lymph node dissection [(4.3±2.0) vs. (6.5±3.9)], operation time [198.5 min (166.3 min, 228.5 min) vs. 82.0 min (60.0 min, 102.0 min)], pain score of 24 h after surgery [3 scores (3 scores, 4 scores) vs. 2 scores (2 scores, 3 scores)], postoperative total drainage volume [49.0 ml (40.8 ml, 56.5 ml) vs. 37.0 ml, (29.0 ml, 44.0 ml)], operation cost [33,200 yuan (33,100 yuan, 34,000 yuan) vs. 5,200 yuan (4,200 yuan, 5,900 yuan)], and differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). No postoperative complications such as hemorrhage, fat liquefaction and subcutaneous ecchymosis occurred in all patients of the two groups. Conclusion:Da Vinci robotic thyroidectomy is safe and reliable in treatment of the unilateral PTMC, and it has good therapeutic effects.

Clinical application of type A aortic dissection / 中国现代医生

Objective To investigate the effect of surgical treatment of retrograde A-type aortic dissection after Stanford B-type interstitial vascular repair on the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Methods One hundred patients with Stanford type B aortic dissection who were treated in our hospital from March 2016 to March 2018 were randomly divided into control group and study group, with 50 cases in each group. The control group was treated with conventional methods. The study group was treated with the surgical treatment of retrograde aortic dissection. And the effects of the two treatments on the expression of proinflammatory cytokines were observed. Results The therapeutic effect of the study group was better than that of the control group (P<0.05). The incidence rate of clinical symptoms in the study group was lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion In the treatment of Stanford type B aortic dissection, the use of postoperative retrograde type A aortic dissection can more effectively affect the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in patients, and should be further promoted in clinical practice.

Observation on the clinical curative effect of edaravone combined with ginkgo diterpene lactone on acute cerebral infarction / 药学实践杂志

Objective To analyze the effect of edaravone combined with ginkgo diterpene lactone in treatment of acute cerebral infarction (ACI) and discuss the better clinical treatment to ACI .Methods 100 cases of ACI and who accepted treat-ments in our hospital were selected as the research objects in January 2014 to January 2015 .50 patients as observation group were given the treatment of edaravone and ginkgo diterpene lactone at the same time ,while other 50 patients as control group were merely given the treatment of ginkgo diterpene lactone .At the same time ,both groups were given treatment of conven-tional therapy .The total neurological function ,effective rate ,adverse reactions ,and the treatment satisfaction of both groups before and after the treatment were observed .Results There were no significant different of NIHSS score of two groups before treatment (P>0 .05) .After treatment ,NIHSS score of the observation group was significantly lower than the control group (P<0 .05) .The total effective rate of observation group was 90％ ,which was significantly higher than the control group (66％ ,P<0 .05) .The main adverse reactions were rash ,nausea ,dizziness of two groups ,and there were no significant differ-ent of adverse reactions rate of two groups through the treatment (P>0 .05) .The treatment of patients with satisfaction rate of observation group was 94％ ,which was significantly higher than control group (84％ , P< 0.05) .Conclusion Edaravone combined with ginkgo diterpene lactone had a good effect on improving nerve function of ACI patients ,which could improve the treatment of patients with satisfaction ,high security ,and could be recommended in clinical .

Effects of an electric standing bed and a dynamic electric standing bed on auditory evoked potential in healthy people / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective To observe and compare the effect of training using an electric standing bed or a dy-namic electric standing bed on the auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs) in the brainstems of healthy people. Methods Twenty healthy people were divided into a common group ( n=10) and a dynamic group ( n=10) . The common group accepted training using an electric standing bed, while the dynamic group accepted training using a dynamic electric standing bed. Before and after the training, BAEPs were measured and compared using variance analysis. Results The latencies of the I, III and V waves among the common group were not significantly different from those of the dy-namic group before the training. After the training, however, the average wave V latency was significantly shorter than that in the common group. After the training there were, however, no significant differences in the I-III, I-V or III-V interpeak latencies in the common group, nor in the I-III interpeak latency in the dynamic group compared with before the training. In the dynamic group the average I-V and III-V interpeak latencies after the training were significantly shorter than those beforehand. However, there were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of the I-III, I-V or II-V interpeak latency after the training. Conclusion Compared with training using an electric standing bed, a dynamic electric standing bed gives significantly greater improvement in the latency and interpeak latency of BAEP waves.

One case of hepatosplenic artery aneurysm with hepato-splenomesenteric trunk and literature review / 浙江大学学报·医学版

An asymptomatic 71-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital due to aneurysm of visceral artery. CT angiography revealed that she possessed a hepatosplenic artery aneurysm with hepatosplenomesenteric trunk anomaly. The aneurysm was big with diameter about 28 mm, and is very adjacent to the superior mensenteric artery. The neck of the aneurysm is wide (the diameter of the neck was 5.5-6.0 mm) and short (length of the proximal landing zone was about 2.0 mm). The patient received endovascular reconstruction of the hepatosplenic artery and coil embolization of the aneurysm, and got satisfactory result.

Progression of diagnosis and treatment for adenosquamous lung carcinoma / 中华肿瘤杂志

Adenosquamous lung carcinoma (ASC) is an uncommon entity of the primary lung cancer, which is mixed by adenocarcinoma and squamous carcinoma cells. ASC not only possesses the malignant biological characteristics of adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, but also exhibits special clinical features, such as the higher malignant degree and poorer prognosis. This paper is aimed to elaborate the research process of the pathological origin of ASC, the application of different diagnostic methods in ASC, various therapeutic strategies and its associated prognosis so as to help to develop the clinical strategies of ASC.

Preconditioning of endoplasmic reticulum stress protects against acrylonitrile-induced cytotoxicity in primary rat astrocytes: The role of autophagy.

This study explored the protective effects of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress preconditioning induced by 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG) or oxidized dithiothreitol (DTTox) on acrylonitrile (AN)-induced cytotocity in primary rat astrocytes. Cells were pretreated with 2-DG or DTTox for different times at various concentration. Next, astrocytes were treated with 2.5mM AN for an additional 12h. Cell viability and cytotoxicity were assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage, respectively. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) were determined. Expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), phosphorylated-eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (p-eIF2α), microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3), P62, and Beclin1 were used to assess autophagy. In addition, 3-methyadenine (3-MA), an autophagy-specific inhibitor, was used to assess the role of autophagy in ER stress preconditioning-induced protection against AN cytotoxicity. The results showed that AN alone significantly decreased astrocytic viability and enhanced cytotoxicity. Compared to the AN-alone group, preconditioning with 2-DG or DTTox significantly increased cell viability and reduced cytotoxicity to indistinguishable levels. Decreased ROS generation and increased ΔΨm were also inherent to ER stress preconditioning with these compounds. Furthermore, autophagy was activated by both 2-DG and DTTox. Blockage of autophagy attenuated the protection afforded by 2-DG or DTTox preconditioning in AN-treated astrocytes. These results establish that ER stress preconditioning affords cellular protection against AN, and that activation of autophagy mediates the cytoprotection. Modulation of ER stress and resultant activation of autophagy may be a novel target for to ameliorate AN toxicity.

Role of autophagy in methylmercury-induced neurotoxicity in rat primary astrocytes.

Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved process in which cytoplasmic proteins and organelles are degraded and recycled for reuse. There are numerous reports on the role of autophagy in cell growth and death; however, the role of autophagy in methylmercury (MeHg)-induced neurotoxicity has yet to be identified. We studied the role of autophagy in MeHg-induced neurotoxicity in astrocytes. MeHg reduced astrocytic viability in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, and induced apoptosis. Pharmacological inhibition of autophagy with 3-methyladenine or chloroquine, as well as the silencing of the autophagy-related protein 5, increased MeHg-induced cytotoxicity and the ratio of apoptotic astrocytes. Conversely, rapamycin, an autophagy inducer, along with as N-acetyl-L-cysteine, a precursor of reduced glutathione, decreased MeHg-induced toxicity and the ratio of apoptotic astrocytes. These results indicated that MeHg-induced neurotoxicity was reduced, at least in part, through the activation of autophagy. Accordingly, modulation of autophagy may offer a new avenue for attenuating MeHg-induced neurotoxicity.

Differential protection of pre- versus post-treatment with curcumin, Trolox, and N-acetylcysteine against acrylonitrile-induced cytotoxicity in primary rat astrocytes.

OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to examine the differential protection of pre- versus post-treatment with three different antioxidants, curcumin (CUR), Trolox, and N-acetylcysteine (NAC), on acrylonitrile (AN)-induced cytotoxicity in primary rat astrocytes. METHODS: Primary astrocyte cultures were treated with CUR, Trolox and NAC for 4h prior to, or following 24h treatment with AN (2.5mM). 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, lipid peroxidation, glutathione, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential were measured to evaluate protection associated with the three antioxidants. Knockdown of Nrf2 expression by liposome transfection with siRNA was used to confirm the role of Nrf2 activation in the protection associated with the three antioxidants. RESULTS: Compared with AN treatment alone, pre-treatment with CUR at either concentration significantly increased cell viability and mitochondrial membrane potential, and reduced glutathione levels; lipid peroxidation and ROS production were significantly decreased as well. NAC also showed significant efficacy in attenuating AN-induced toxicity at higher concentration. However, pre-treatment with Trolox failed to ameliorate the AN-induced toxicity. When post-treatment with Trolox, this antioxidant led to significant protective effects at both concentrations, while CUR and NAC were efficacious only at the higher concentrations. Knockdown of Nrf2 only abolished the protective effects of CUR pre-treatment on AN-induced cytotoxicity, while the protective effects of NAC and Trolox pre-treatment groups showed no differences between the Nrf2-knockdown and non-knockdown treatments. CONCLUSIONS: The selected antioxidants exert differential cellular protection when administered prior or subsequent to AN-induced cytotoxic events in decreasing cellular viability, antioxidative capacity and mitochondrial function, enhanced cytotoxicity and ROS production. These results suggest that antioxidants should be carefully chosen for their efficacy in preventing or diminishing oxidative damage caused by AN. The differential effect of pre- and post-treatment may be attributed to activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway.

Effect of Arm Spasticity Inhibitor on Upper Extremities Spasticity with Shoulder Subluxation after Stroke / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective To observe the effect of Arm Spasticity Inhibitor worn in rehabilitation training on patients with upper extremities spasticity and shoulder subluxation after stroke. Methods 80 stroke patients with flexor spasm in upper extremities complicated with sublux-ation of shoulder were divided into treatment group and control group equally. Both groups accepted routine medicine and rehabilitation, and the treatment group wore the Arm Spasticity Inhibitor developed ourselves during the rehabilitation training. Their acromio-humeral in-terval (AHI) was measured with the X-ray; and they were assessed with modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), range of motion of shoulder (ROM) and elbow before and 2 months after treatment. Results It improved more in the AHI, score of MAS and ROM in the treatment group than in the control group after treatment (P<0.001). Conclusion Wearing Arm Spasticity Inhibitor during rehabilitation training may release the spasticity of upper extremities and shoulder subluxation, and improve shoulder function in patients after stroke.

Effect of Arm Spasticity Inhibitor on Upper Extremities Spasticity with Shoulder Subluxation after Stroke / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To observe the effect of Arm Spasticity Inhibitor worn in rehabilitation training on patients with upper extremities spasticity and shoulder subluxation after stroke. Methods 80 stroke patients with flexor spasm in upper extremities complicated with subluxation of shoulder were divided into treatment group and control group equally. Both groups accepted routine medicine and rehabilitation, and the treatment group wore the Arm Spasticity Inhibitor developed ourselves during the rehabilitation training. Their acromio-humeral interval (AHI) was measured with the X- ray; and they were assessed with modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), range of motion of shoulder (ROM) and elbow before and 2 months after treatment. Results It improved more in the AHI, score of MAS and ROM in the treatment group than in the control group after treatment (P<0.001). Conclusion Wearing Arm Spasticity Inhibitor during rehabilitation training may release the spasticity of upper extremities and shoulder subluxation, and improve shoulder function in patients after stroke.

Effects of periesophagogastric vascular ligation on FPP and incidence of rebleeding for patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension / 中国现代医生

Objective To explore the effects of periesophagogastric vascular ligation on free portal pressure (FPP) and incidence of rebleeding for patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension. Methods A total of 60 patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension who were admitted to our hospital from October 2008 to October 2011 were selected and were allo-cated to observation group and control group according to their surgical methods, with 30 patients in each group. The observation group received periesophagogastric vascular ligation, while the control group received periesophagogastric devascularization. The curative effects of two different surgical methods in the two groups were compared. Results Vol-ume of bleeding during surgery, surgical time and other clinical indices in the observation group were all significantly smaller or shorter than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05);incidence of rebleeding and hepatic encephalopathy in the observation group were significantly lower than that in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05); FPP in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Periesophagogastric vascular ligation helps effectively lower FPP induced by cirrhotic portal hypertension, reduce incidence of rebleeding, and lower postoperative mortality and incidence of complications.

Hemodynamics simulation of internal carotid artery siphon and relevant influential factors / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:The siphon of internal carotid artery is a complex of bending and surrounding structure, which has become a research hot in the field of medical imaging and regional anatomy. There is little research on the hemodynamics of internal carotid artery. Finite element analysis provides the basis for the related dynamics research. OBJECTIVE:To explicit the hemodynamic characteristics of the normal and stenosis internal carotid artery, and to explore the relevant influential factors. METHODS:Finite element model of the siphon of internal carotid artery was built based on 64-slice spiral CT data, and then, three-dimensional models were constructed using Mimics 10.01 software. There were simulations of the normal and post-stenosis blood flows with ANSYS 13.0 CFX software, to observe the changes of hemodynamics, and to analyze their characteristics and differences. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The normal blood flow at the siphon of internal carotid artery was in a laminar state, but rotation and turbulent flow formed at the two angle regions. The velocity of external bending zone was slower than that of the internal. The slower was the velocity, the more obvious was the turbulence. The wal shear force decreased at the angle regions, and the wal shear force of external bending zone was smal er than that of the internal. At the region of arterial stenosis, the blood flow was sped, and at the downstream, turbulent flow and low zone of wal shear force were formed. With the increase of stenosis severity, the turbulent flow and low wal shear force area were expanded. Central stenosis showed more obvious effects than the eccentric one. The degree of stenosis and bending at the siphon of internal carotid artery can directly influence the formation of turbulent flow and low wal shear force area, which are more obvious at the external bending zone and central stenosis.

Effects of soft substrates on the chondrogenic differentiation of human synovial-derived mesenchymal stem cells / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Our previous studies have shown that a soft substrate has a significant effect on morphology and cytoskeleton of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of polyacrylamide gels as soft substrates with different elastic moduli on the chondrogenic differentiation of human synovial-derived mesenchymal stem cels. METHODS:The synovium was harvested from patients with osteoarthritis under sterile conditions, and primary human synovial-derived mesenchymal stem cels were separated using limiting dilution assay. The flow cytometry and multi-directional differentiation experiments were used to identify the cel surface markers and function of the human synovial-derived mesenchymal stem cels, respectively. The polyacrylamide gels with the elastic modulus of 0.4, 6, 30 kPa, which were made using various amounts of acrylamide and bis-acrylamide, were used to culture human synovial-derived mesenchymal stem cels under induction with transforming growth factor-β1 for 7 and 14 days. RT-PCR was used to test the expression of chondrogenic genes, type II colagen gene and cartilage acidic protein 1. The 6-wel cel culture plates served as controls. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The human synovial-derived mesenchymal stem cels showed different cel morphology in the different elastic modulus of polyacrylamide gels. The expression of type II colagen gene and cartilage acidic protein 1 were affected by the different elastic modulus of polyacrylamide gels and culture time, and there was an interaction between these two factors. At 7 days of induction, the expression of cartilage acidic protein 1 gene on 6 kPa polyacrylamide gels was the highest (F=44.350,P=0.000); meanwhile, the expression of type II colagen gene on 0.4 kPa polyacrylamide gels was the highest (F=6.384,P=0.005). These findings indicate that polyacrylamide gels with lower elastic modulus are superior to routine culture plates to promote the chondrogenic differentiation of human synovial-derived mesenchymal stem cels.

Vesicular Stomatitis Virus G Glycoprotein and ATRA Enhanced Bystander Killing of Chemoresistant Leukemic Cells by Herpes Simplex Virus Thymidine Kinase/Ganciclovir

Refractoriness of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells to chemotherapeutics represents a major clinical barrier. Suicide gene therapy for cancer has been attractive but with limited clinical efficacy. In this study, we investigated the potential application of herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase/ganciclovir (HSV-TK/GCV) based system to inhibit chemoresistant AML cells. We first generated Ara-C resistant K562 cells and doxorubicin-resistant THP-1 cells. We found that the HSV-TK/GCV anticancer system suppressed drug resistant leukemic cells in culture. Chemoresistant AML cell lines displayed similar sensitivity to HSV-TK/GCV. Moreover, HSV-TK/GCV killing of leukemic cells was augmented to a mild but significant extent by all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) with concomitant upregulation of Connexin 43, a major component of gap junctions. Interestingly, HSV-TK/GCV killing was enhanced by expression of vesicular stomatitis virus G glycoprotein (VSV-G), a fusogenic membrane protein, which also increased leukemic cell fusion. Co-culture resistant cells expressing HSV-TK and cells stably transduced with VSV-G showed that expression of VSV-G could promote the bystander killing effect of HSV-TK/GCV. Furthermore, combination of HSV-TK/GCV with VSV-G plus ATRA produced more pronounced antileukemia effect. These results suggest that the HSV-TK/GCV system in combination with fusogenic membrane proteins and/or ATRA could provide a strategy to mitigate the chemoresistance of AML.

Analysis of chemical constituents of Moutan cortex by HPLC-QTOFMS / 药学实践杂志

Objective To analyze the main chemical constituents of Moutan cortex by high performance liquid chromatogra -phy-quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-QTOFMS).Methods A CAPCELL PAK C18 (3.0 mm ×100 mm, 3 μm) column was used to do chromatographic separation .0.1% aqueous formic acid solution and acetonitrile were used as mobile phase composition.Gradient elution was used with a flow rate of 0.5 ml/min;QTOFMS was applied for qualitative analysis under positive and negative ion mode .Results 48 major constituents of Moutan cortex were identified by QTOFMS and structure-relevant fragment ions under the optimized condition .Conclusion A simple and reliable method with the usage of HPLC-QTOFMS was established to identify the main chemical constituents of Moutan cortex .