Development of a postoperative visual function rehabilitation compliance assessment scale for children with congenital cataract: a reliability and validity study.

OBJECTIVE: To develop a comprehensive compliance assessment scale for postoperative visual function rehabilitation in children with congenital cataracts and to assess its reliability and validity. METHOD: Drawing on the Interactive Model of Health Behavior, we conducted a literature review and semi-structured interviews to create a pool of 36 items. The items underwent rigorous evaluation through the Delphi method, face validity checks, and item analysis, leading to a reduction to 18 items. To assess the scale's reliability and validity, we collected data from 225 parents of children with congenital cataracts. We employed SPSS version 25.0 for data analysis and evaluated construct validity using exploratory factor analysis, content validity, internal consistency reliability, and test-retest reliability. RESULTS: The compliance scale for postoperative visual function rehabilitation in children with congenital cataracts comprises 5 dimensions and 18 items. Exploratory factor analysis extracted 5 common factors, with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 68.178%. Item-level content validity index ranged from 0.730 to 1.000, and the content validity index of the scale was 0.963. The total Cronbach's alpha coefficient, split-half reliability, and test-retest reliability of the scale were 0.855, 0.778, and 0.859, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The compliance assessment scale for postoperative visual function rehabilitation in children with congenital cataracts demonstrates acceptable reliability and validity. It serves as a valuable reference for developing standardized nursing programs for these children in clinical practice.

Factors Associated With Perception of Stigma Among Parents of Children With Cleft Lip and Palate: Cross-Sectional Study.

BACKGROUND: Parents of children with cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) often face stigmatization, which has a significant impact on their quality of life and mental health. However, to date, there is a lack of comprehensive, multicenter empirical research on parents of children with CL/P in China, particularly those with large-scale samples. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to identify major factors that contribute to the perception of stigma experienced by parents of children with CL/P. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted. A total of 104 parents of children diagnosed with CL/P in 2 hospitals were selected by convenience sampling. Demographics and disease information, the Chinese Perception of Stigma Questionnaire, the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, and the Social Anxiety Scale were used in this study. Descriptive statistics, t tests, and one-way ANOVA were used to compare the differences between participants' demographic information and perception of stigma. Multivariable linear regression was performed to assess associations between demographic factors, social anxiety, depression, and perception of stigma. RESULTS: The mean scores for the dimensions of perception of stigma, depression, and social anxiety were 22.97 (SD 9.21), 38.34 (SD 8.25), and 22.86 (SD 6.69), respectively. Depression and social anxiety were positively associated with discrimination, while surgery status was a negatively associated variable. Parents with a college education or higher had significantly lower levels of perceived stigma compared to parents with a junior high school education (all P values <.05). These 4 factors explained 40.4% of the total model variance (F8=9.726; P<.001; R2=0.450; adjusted R2=0.404). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings highlight a concerning trend of diminished quality of life among parents of children with CL/P. Factors such as parents' education level, surgery status, depression, and social anxiety are shown to influence the level of stigma experienced. Implementing comprehensive nursing care and providing presurgical support are effective strategies for alleviating parents' social anxiety, reducing perceived stigma, and preventing depression.