Effects of different levels of soluble PD-L1 protein on the growth of Lewis lung cancer transplanted tumor.

To investigate the effects of different doses of soluble PD-L1 (soluble form of Programmed death ligand 1, sPD-L1) protein on Lewis lung cancer cells, flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of PD-L1 (Programmed death ligand 1) on the surface of Lewis lung cancer cell lines and the expression of PD-1 on the surface of T lymphocytes in peripheral blood and spleen cells of C57BL/6 mice. A Lewis lung cancer animal model of C57BL/6 mice was established by transplanting Lewis lung cancer cells subcutaneously. The sPD-L1 protein was injected into the abdominal cavity of the mouse (sPD-L1 Ig) (working dose: 2.5, 5, 10 µg per mouse), while the sPD-L1 control protein was injected as a control. The growth of Lewis lung cancer xenografts was observed. On the 18th day after tumor cell inoculation, T lymphocyte subsets in mouse spleen were determined by flow cytometry. The PD-1 molecules on the surface of Lewis lung cancer cell line, C57BL/6 mouse spleen T lymphocytes and peripheral blood T lymphocytes were positively expressed. Compared with the control group, the volume of the transplanted tumor of Lewis lung cancer in C57BL/6 mice was larger with 10 µg sPD-L1 I g injection (P less than 0.05), and no significant difference was observed in tumor volume with 2.5 µg and 5 µg injection (P > 0.05). A certain level of soluble PD-L1 (10 µg/ mouse) could promote the growth of transplanted tumors of Lewis lung cancer in C57BL/6 mice.

Factor structures of Taiwanese teachers' ratings of ADHD: a comparison with U.S. studies.

The purpose of this study was to compare factor structures from Taiwanese teachers' ratings with diagnostic definitions of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as described in the DSM-III-R, DSM-IV, and ICD-10; to examine how factor structures of Taiwanese teachers' ratings of ADHD symptoms compare with factor structures reported in research using school-based American participants; and to examine gender differences. One hundred and twenty-one homeroom teachers from six public elementary schools in Taipei County, Taiwan, rated two boys and two girls randomly selected from their homerooms using the ADHD checklist. Findings from this study support the concurrent validity of the DSM-IV ADHD factor structures of hyperactivity-impulsivity and inattention. Comparability of these findings with school-based U.S. studies suggests the cross-cultural congruency of behaviors associated with ADHD.

The therapeutic effects of oil-soluble hysterosalpingography contrast medium following water-soluble hysterosalpingography contrast medium.

Previous studies have revealed that patients who underwent hysterosalpingography (HSG) with an iol-soluble contrast medium (OSCM) rather than a water-soluble contrast medium (WSCM) had higher subsequent fertility rates. In this randomized prospective study, the fertility rates among 109 patients following HSG were found to be 31% (19/61) in the WSOM group and 38% (18/48) in the WSOM + OSCM group. No significant difference was noted between these two groups, whether their infertility was associated with endocrine factor, male factor, endometriosis, mechanical factor or some other unexplained factor.

[The effects of moxibustion at "zusanli" point on serum endocrine hormones of rats].

The effects of moxibustion at "Zusanli" acupoint on serum endocrine hormones of male Wistar rats were studied by measured serum values of TSH, T3, T4, FSH, LH, testosterone and insulin with radioimmunoassay, 40 male rats were randomly divided into two groups, experiment group and control group, 20 rats each group. In the experiment group, the animals were given a moxibustion at "Zusanli" acupoints of both sides of rats 8:00-9:00 am, 10 min/side per day for 7 days. The control group was given nothing. All of both groups were killed and got serum at same time. The results indicate that the moxibustion can increase significantly serum value of insulin (p less than 0.01) and decrease prominently serum value of T4 (p less than 0.01), but no marked difference was found in FSH, LH, testosterone, TSH and T3. It is suggest that the raise of insulin may have relations with the effects of the moxibustion on neuro-endocrine system and improving microcirculation of pancreas gland, and that the drop of T4 may be caused by the moxibustion to inhibit the function of thyroid gland.