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Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiangtang with a definite clinical effect has been widely used and recorded since the Han Dynasty. As a classic prescription of Chaihu classic formula praised by doctors ofsuccessive generations， it has been included in the Ancient Classic Prescription Catalogue （Second Batch）： Han Medicine published by the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine in August 2023. We carried out a bibliometric study involved 34 ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine， with 37 records including the name and composition of the prescription. This paper summarizes the source name， composition， original medicinal plant， dose， preparation method， usage， ancient and modern indications， and clinical application of Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiangtang. The results of textual research show that Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiangtang is derived from the Treatise on Febrile Diseases （Shanghanlun） written by ZHANG Zhongjing in the Han dynasty， and the original plants of medicines in this prescription are basically the same in ancient and modern times. Most records about the doses in ancient books are consistent with those in the Treatise on Febrile Diseases （Shanghanlun）. The efficacy of Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiangtang is to harmonize lesser yang and resolve water retention by warming. This prescription was used to treat a variety of diseases， especially those caused by disturbance of Qi movement in the greater Yang and lesser Yang. It is now mainly used to treat the diseases in the digestive system， respiratory system， dermatology， nervous system， etc.， being effective for difficult and complicated diseases. Through the excavation and combing of the ancient records of Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiangtang， this paper clarifies the key information， providing a reference for the clinical application of classical prescriptions and the development of new drugs.
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The classical prescription Yangweitang， derived from Zhengzhi Zhunsheng， is specialized in treating syndromes of chill and fever due to exogenous pathogens， inner-cooling， and malaria， and it has been included in the Catalogue of Ancient Classical Formulas （the First Batch） published by the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine （TCM） in 2018. Through bibliographical research， the relevant ancient books and modern documents were systematically sorted out， and it was found that there were many prescriptions related to the Yangweitang from Zhengzhi Zhunsheng. They were interwoven with Yangweitang from Zhengzhi Zhunsheng and widely used in clinical practice. In order to clarify their history and evolution， this paper combed the historical origin of Yangweitang and its related prescriptions and conducted textual analysis on key information such as semantic composition， herb origin， processing method， and efficacy. A total of 896 pieces of data on Yangweitang from Zhengzhi Zhunsheng were collected. 26 pieces of effective data were included after the screening， involving 17 ancient TCM books. Then， a total of 28 pieces of data on prescriptions related to the Yangweitang from Zhengzhi Zhunsheng were included， involving 23 ancient TCM books for reference. The textual analysis showed that Yangweitang originated from the Renshen Yangweitang recorded in Taiping Huimin Heji Jufang in the Song dynasty. Based on the original formula， medical experts from later generations have modified it into many different versions. A comparative analysis showed that Yangweitang from different generations had similar compositions， and the herb origin and processing method were basically clear. The recommended prescriptions are as follows： 37.3 g of Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum Cum Alumine， Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex（fried with ginger juice）， and frying with rice water Atractlodis Rhizoma， 27.98 g of Citri Exocarpium Rubrum， 18.65 g of Pogostemon cablin leaf， Tsaoko Fructus， Poria， and Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma， and 9.33 g of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. They could be ground into a coarse powder， with 14.92 g for every dose， and they could be orally taken after being decocted with 450 mL of water， 7 g of fresh ginger， and 2 g of Mume Fructus to 270 mL in warm conditions. Yangweitang from Zhengzhi Zhunsheng has the effect of warming the middle and releasing the external， and it can treat many syndromes including spleen and stomach disharmony caused by chill and fever due to exogenous pathogens and inner-cooling， as well as all kinds of malaria. Modern clinical applications mainly focus on chronic atrophic gastritis and other digestive system diseases.
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Objective:To explore the effects of acupuncture combined with Buyang Huanwu Decoction on intestinal flora in cerebral blood flow hypo perfusion model rats with carotid artery stenosis.Methods:Totally 40 rats were randomly divided into sham-operation group, model group, TCM treatment group and acupuncture and drug combination treatment group, with 10 rats in each group. Except the sham-operation group, the other groups were prepared cerebral ischemia model by needle control and thread embolism method. TCM treatment group received Buyang Huanwu Decoction 100 mg/kg for gavage, once a day, and the intervention lasted for 2 weeks. In the acupuncture and drug combination group, based on the TCM treatment group, Baihui and its left and right sides of 2 mm were selected for acupuncture, once a day, and continuous intervention was performed for 2 weeks. Neurological function evaluation and behavioral function score were performed 7 and 14 days after administration, respectively. 16S rRNA sequencing was used to comprehensively characterize the structure and composition of fecal microflora of rats in each group. Linear discriminant analysis Effect Size (LEfSe) was used to analyze the difference of intestinal bacteria among groups.Result:On the 7th and 14th day after administration, compared with the model group, the neurological function score in the TCM treatment group and the acupuncture and drug combination group decreased ( P<0.05), and the behavioral function score increased ( P<0.05). Compared with model group, the Shannon index of TCM treatment group and acupuncture and drug combination group increased ( P<0.05). The abundance of Firmicutes increased ( P<0.05), and the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria decreased ( P<0.05); the abundance of Clostridia increased ( P<0.05), and the abundance of Gammaproteobacteria decreased ( P<0.05). The abundance of Escherichia-Shigella and Bacteroides decreased ( P<0.05); the abundance of lactobacillus significantly increased ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Acupuncture combined with Buyang Huanwu Decoction can improve the symptoms of cerebral hypoperfusion model rats with carotid artery stenosis, and the mechanism may be to increase the abundance of probiotics.
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Objective To clarify whether the use of dynamic coronary artery roadmap(DCR)technology in a low-dose mode with 7.5 frames per second during coronary intervention can further reduce the total radiation dose,fluoroscopy time,and contrast agent usage.Methods A total of 94 patients,who received coronary angiography at the Shanghai Tongji Hospital of China between July 2022 and December 2022,were enrolled in this study.The patients were randomly divided into DCR group(n=53)and control group(n=41).DCR technology was used in the DCR group to guide the performance of percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI),while low-dose mode coronary angiography was adopted in the control group.The total air kerma(AK),dose-area product(DAP),intraoperative fluoroscopy time,and contrast agent usage were compared between the two groups.Results In the DCR group AK was(597.9±222.8)mGy,which was significantly lower than(717.0±326.8)mGy in the control group(P=0.039);DAP was(33.2±13.3)Gycm2/s,which was also remarkably lower than(41.3±21.5)Gycm2/s in the control group(P=0.027).In the DCR group and the control group,the intraoperative fluoroscopy time was(9.8± 3.3)min and(12.1±4.3)min respectively(P＜0.01),and the contrast agent usage was(122.3±19.0)mL and(130.5± 28.5)mL respectively(P=0.116).Conclusion In a low-dose mode during coronary intervention,the use of DCR technology can further reduce radiation dose,fluoroscopy time,and contrast agent usage.(J Intervent Radiol,2024,33:236-239)
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Objective:To investigate the risk factors for intraoperative hemorrhage during endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for colorectal lesions.Methods:Data of 386 patients with colorectal lesions, who underwent ESD at The Third People's Hospital of Datong and its cooperative hospital, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, from December 2019 to August 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into the hemorrhage group ( n=85) and the non-hemorrhage group ( n=301) according to intraoperative hemorrhage. The correlationship of patients'basic information, lesion-related factors and hemorrhage during colorectal ESD was analyzed. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to identify the risk factors for intraoperative hemorrhage during ESD. The risk predictive model of intraoperative hemorrhage during ESD was established according to the screened risk factors, and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the predictive model. Results:Univariate logistic regression showed that a history of diabetes ( OR=2.340, P<0.05), a history of coronary atherosclerotic heart diseases ( OR=3.100, P<0.05), the lesion located in the rectum ( OR=3.272, P<0.05), longer lesion ( OR=1.093, P<0.05), wider lesion ( OR=1.057, P<0.05), larger lesion ( OR=1.126, P<0.05), depressed lesion ( OR=6.128, P<0.05), the laterally spreading lesion ( OR=2.651, P<0.05), the lesion infiltrated into the SM-S layer ( OR=0.088, P<0.05), the lesion infiltrated into the SM-D layer ( OR=0.174, P<0.05), the diameter of hemorrhage vessels 0.5~<1.0 times of the diameter of incision knife ( OR=246.854, P<0.05), the postoperative pathology as early cancer ( OR=7.000, P<0.05) were risk factors for intraoperative hemorrhage during ESD. Considering the quantitative relationship between the length, the width and the area of lesions, multi-factor models were constructed using the length and area of lesions respectively. Forward stepwise regression was used to screen variables and determine the final model, and the results showed that a history of coronary atherosclerotic heart diseases, the depressed lesion, the longer lesion, the larger lesion, the diameter of hemorrhage vessels 0.5~<1.0 times of the diameter of the incision knife were independent risk factors for intraoperative hemorrhage during ESD. The two modeling results of the lesion length and the lesion area were very similar. Therefore, lesion length was recommended to describe lesions in clinical practice. Conclusion:A history of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, the depressed lesion, the longer lesion, the larger lesion, the diameter of vessels 0.5~<1.0 times of that of the incision knife are independent risk factors for intraoperative hemorrhage during ESD.
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Objective:To investigate the preoperative nutritional status of cardiac surgery patients in southwest China, analyze the incidence and characteristics of nutritional risk, and provide basis for establishing a standardized individualized nutritional intervention program for cardiac surgery patients.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted on the nutritional status and intervention status of preoperative patients in cardiac surgery department of 23 general hospitals in Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan and Chongqing districts. At 00: 00 on July 7, 2022, the patients aged > 18 years old in cardiac surgery departments of the above hospitals who planned to undergo surgical treatment were enrolled as the survey objects to investigate the nutritional status on July 6, 2022 (the survey date), including basic information (general information, nutrition indicators, etc.), nutrition screening and evaluation (nutrition risk screening and organ support, etc.), nutrition treatment (nutrition supplement methods and prescriptions, etc.) and nutrition awareness of medical staff.Results:The 126 questionnaires were collected, of which 125 were valid (99.2%). ① Basic information: of the 125 patients, 67 patients were male (53.6%) and 58 patients were female (46.4%). The age ranged from 19 years old to 86 years old, with an average of (53.13±14.74) years old. Body mass index (BMI) was (22.21±3.78) kg/m 2. The age and BMI of men were significantly higher than those of women [age (years old): 56.63±13.34 vs. 49.09±15.35, BMI (kg/m 2): 22.74±3.86 vs. 21.59±3.61, both P < 0.05]. Of the 125 patients, 75 had valvular disease and 50 were with non-valvular diseases, which mainly included congenital heart disease [19 cases (15.2%)], aortic dissection [13 cases (10.4%)], coronary heart disease [12 cases (9.6%)], etc. The course of disease was 0.5 hour to 36 years, of which 93 patients (74.4%) were more than 6 months and 32 patients (25.6%) were equal to or less than 6 months. The proportion of female patients with disease duration > 6 months was significantly higher than that of male patients [87.9% (51/58) vs. 62.7% (42/67), P < 0.01]. The basic diseases mainly included hypertension [38 cases (30.4%)], coronary heart disease [12 cases (9.6%)], diabetes [7 cases (5.6%)], chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD, 6 cases (4.8%)], etc. Among 125 patients, total protein (TP) < 60 g/L in 24 cases (19.2%), albumin (Alb) < 40 g/L in 64 cases (51.2%), anemia [male hemoglobin (Hb) < 120 g/L, female Hb < 110 g/L] in 33 cases (26.4%). A total of 60 cases of prealbumin data were collected, of which 23 cases (38.3%) were less than 200 mg/L.② Nutrition screening and assessment: 33.6% of the 125 patients did not undergo routine nutrition screening after admission, including the provincial and municipal tertiary hospitals. Among the 83 patients undergoing nutritional screening, 41 (32.8%) were at nutritional risk. Further analysis of patients with nutritional risk showed that of the 41 patients, 20 were male (48.8%) and 21 were female (51.2%); 27 cases (65.9%) was with valvular diseases and 14 cases (34.1%) was with non-valvular diseases; the course of disease was more than 6 months in 30 cases (73.2%), and ≤ 6 months in 11 cases (26.7%). Statistical comparison of the above 83 patients showed that women, basic disease, long term-valvular disease, anemia, low TP, and low Alb before operation were more prone to innutrition. ③ Nutritional therapy: of the 125 patients, 5 were receiving mechanical ventilation (4.0%) and 2 were using vasoactive drugs (1.6%); there were 5 cases with gastrointestinal dysfunction (4.0%), mainly manifested as abdominal distension, abdominal pain, constipation and diarrhea. One patient was treated with enteral nutrition through gastric tube combined with parenteral nutrition support, 124 patients were fed orally, and an irregular phenomenon of injecting amino acid fat emulsion through peripheral vein in 2 patients. ④ Nutrition awareness of medical staff: 124 (99.2%) of the 125 patients had a nutrition department in their hospital; 71 cases (56.8%) received nutrition education, of which 37 cases (52.1%) were consulted by the nutrition department. Of all the cases, only 38 (30.4%) were consulted by the nutrition department, of which 1 (2.6%) did not receive nutrition education after consultation. Conclusions:At present, the incidence of preoperative malnutrition in patients undergoing cardiac surgery is high in southwest China. The incidence of malnutrition in patients with basic diseases, long term-valvular disease, low TP, low Alb and anemia before operation is higher, and the incidence of malnutrition is hidden in women. The course of disease of women is longer than that of men at the time of treatment, and malnutrition is more likely to occur. The attending physicians should pay attention to the above groups. It is necessary to establish a standardized individualized nutritional intervention program and apply it to actual clinical diagnosis and treatment, so as to ultimately improve the prognosis of patients undergoing cardiac surgery and increase the benefits of patients in treatment.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of modified Shenling Baizhu San on the pathological changes and extracellular matrix (ECM) in rats with peritoneal fibrosis induced by peritoneal dialysate fluid (PDF) with different sugar concentration and its mechanism.Methods:Seventy male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into control group, different sugar content PDF model groups and corresponding traditional Chinese medicine intervention groups, with 10 rats in each group. Peritoneal fibrosis model was reproduced by intraperitoneal injection of 100 mL·kg -1·d -1 PDF containing 1.5%, 2.5% and 4.25% sugar once a day for 8 weeks. The rats in the control group were given the same amount of normal saline. The rats in the traditional Chinese medicine intervention groups were treated with gavage of 10 mL/kg of modified Shenling Baizhu San (containing 2.014 g crude drug per liter) immediately after modeling. The PDF model groups and the control group were given the same amount of normal saline by gavage. After 8 weeks, the peritoneal ultrafiltration volume of rats in each group was measured. The peritoneal tissues were collected and stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE), and the structural changes and thickness of the parietal peritoneum were observed under a light microscope. After Masson staining, the deposition of collagen fibers was observed under a light microscope. Western blotting was used to detect the protein expressions of E-cadherin,?α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and Vimentin, the main components of ECM in parietal peritoneum. The positive expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) were detected by immunohistochemical staining. Results:Compared with the control group, PDF with different sugar contents could induce peritoneal fibrosis in rats, and the degree of fibrosis was gradually aggravated with the increase of sugar content, which was manifested as peritoneal thickening, increased collagen fiber deposition, decreased peritoneal ultrafiltration volume, down-regulated expressions of E-cadherin and MMP-9 in peritoneal tissue, and up-regulated expressions of α-SMA, Vimentin, TIMP-1 and TGF-β1, and the pathological changes and ECM accumulation in peritoneal tissues were more serious in 4.25% PDF model group. After the intervention of modified Shenling Baizhu San, compared with the corresponding PDF model groups, the peritoneal fibrosis of rats was improved to varying degrees, and the effect of the 4.25% PDF+traditional Chinese medicine intervention group was more significant, the parietal peritoneum was significantly thinner (μm: 101.86±16.01 vs. 140.65±10.13, P < 0.05), collagen fiber deposition was significantly reduced, peritoneal ultrafiltration volume was significantly increased (mL: -0.01±3.45 vs. -3.53±1.84, P < 0.05), the expressions of E-cadherin and MMP-9 in peritoneal tissues were significantly up-regulated [E-cadherin protein (E-cadherin/β-actin): 0.84±0.08 vs. 0.28±0.05, MMP-9 ( A value): 0.60±0.15 vs. 0.37±0.01, both P < 0.05], and the expressions of α-SMA, Vimentin, TIMP-1 and TGF-β1 were significantly down-regulated [α-SMA protein (α-SMA/β-actin): 0.36±0.08 vs. 1.05±0.09, Vimentin protein (Vimentin/β-actin): 0.53±0.07 vs. 1.19±0.04, TIMP-1 ( A value): 0.49±0.06 vs. 0.87±0.02, TGF-β1 ( A value): 0.67±0.04 vs. 0.89±0.10, all P < 0.05]. Conclusions:The degree of peritoneal fibrosis gradually increased with the increase of PDF sugar content in rats. Modified Shenling Baizhu San can improve peritoneal fibrosis induced by PDF with different sugar contents in rats, and the mechanism is related to the changes in the expression of fibrosis markers and ECM accumulation.
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Objective@#To understand anxiety status among students with hearing loss under the epidemic of novel coronarirus pneumonia, and to provide evidence for promoting mental health of hearing impaired students.@*Methods@#On March 10, 2020, 612 hearing impaired students in special schools in 6 provinces,including Guizhou,Sichuan,Hunan,Zhejiang,Chongqing and Xinjiang were investigated online with anxiety scale.@*Results@#The detection rate of anxiety in hearing impaired students was 52.8%. There was significant difference in the detection rate of anxiety among hearing impaired students by different economic status(from very good,good,mederate,poor and very poor:54.1%,63.9%,51.4%,40.7% and 38.8%) and relationship with their parents(from very good,good,mederate,poor and very poor:45.1%,55.7%,60.0%,84.6%,87.5%) ( χ 2=16.59, 62.46, P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#The anxiety level of hearing impaired students was high under the epidemic of novel coronavirus pneumonia. Hearing impaired students from families with good economic conditions and poor parent child relations are prone to anxiety. It is particularly important to establish a good parent child relationship.
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Objective:To explore the predictive value of Red Blood Cell Distribution Width (RDW) in predicting the prognosis of patients with Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO).Methods:The clinical data of patients undergoing ECMO admitted to Intensive Care Unit of Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital from January 2015 to January 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into the survival group and death group according to the prognosis during ICU hospitalization. The patients' basic data , acute physiology and chronic health score system Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ), RDW and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) at 72 hours after treatment with ECMO were compared between the two groups. Univariate and Logistic regression multivariate analyses were used to analyze the prognostic factors of patients with ECMO, predictive models and death warning scores were established. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of RDW and death warning scores for the prognosis of patients with ECMO.Results:A total of 71 patients with ECMO who met the inclusion criteria were included, including 38 patients in the death group and 33 patients in the survival group. The age, APACHE-Ⅱscore, 72 h RDW and 72 h APTT in the death group were higher than those in the survival group. Respectively, the hospitalization time of ICU in the death group was significantly lower than that in the survival group ( P< 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that APACHE-Ⅱscore ( OR=1.117, P=0.047)、72 h RDW( OR=1.102, P=0.029) and 72 h APTT ( OR=1.049, P=0.029) were independent risk factors for death in patients with ECMO. ROC curve analysis showed that the area under ROC curve (AUC) of the APACHE-Ⅱ, score 、72 h RDW and 72 h APTT were 0.691, 0.691 and 0.632( P<0.05), Respectively, the combined AUC was 0.764, the sensitivity was 0.526, and the specificity was 0.909. The death warning score of patients with ECMO was established according to the Predictive model , which is less than 2 points with low risk of death and more than 2 points with high risk of death. The area under the ROC curve of death warning score is 0.8, the sensitivity is 0.607 and the specificity is 0.923. Conclusions:The RDW at 72 hours after treatment with ECMO has a good value in predicting the prognosis of patients with ECMO. Besides, a greater predictive value for the prognosis of patients with ECMO by combining 72 hours RDW, 72 hours APTT with APACHE-Ⅱscore than that of any separate indicator.
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Objective:To evaluate the prognostic value of transthoracic lung ultrasound comet-tail and extravascular lung water index (EVLWI) in septic patients.Methods:A prospective cohort study was conducted. Sixty septic patients admitted to department of intensive care unit (ICU) of Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital from November 2016 to October 2019 were enrolled. The EVLWI and pulmonary vascular permeability index (PVPI) were determined by pulse-indicated continuous cardiac output (PiCCO) system at 0, 24, 48 and 72 hours. At the same time, the numbers of comet tail signs in both lungs (parasternal, midclavicular, axillary to midaxillary) were collected by chest ultrasound. Moreover, arterial blood gas analysis, such as pH value, central venous-to-arterial carbon dioxide difference (Pcv-aCO 2), central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO 2), blood lactic acid (Lac), PaO 2/FiO 2 were measured. Pearson correlation analysis was performed between the number of comet-tail sign and EVLWI. Multivariate Logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between the number of comet-tail sign, EVLWI and prognosis. Receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC curve) was drawn to predict the prognosis. Results:There were 43 males and 17 females in 60 septic patients. The average age was (64.3±15.5) years old (range: 31-83 years old). There were 35 cases with pulmonary infection, 10 cases with abdominal infection, 6 cases with urinary tract infection, 3 cases with skin and soft tissue infection, 3 cases with intestinal infection, 1 case with meningitis, 1 case with cellulitis and 1 case with multiple injury. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) occurred with 8 patients; 40 patients (66.7%) survived and 20 patients (33.3%) died on day 28. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the number of comet-tail sign was positively correlated with EVLWI ( r = 0.944, P < 0.001). There was significant difference in the number of comet-tail signs among sepsis patients with different primary infection sites ( H = 17.714, P < 0.001). The number of comet-tail signs in sepsis patients with pulmonary infection [19 (13, 27)] was significantly higher than that with other infections. The number of comet-tail sign in patients with ARDS was significantly higher than that in patients without ARDS [27 (19, 30) vs. 15 (9, 24), H = 25.387, P < 0.001]. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that EVLWI, the number of comet-tail signs and PVPI were independent risk factors for death in septic patients [odds ratio ( OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were 10.772 (1.161-99.851), 2.360 (1.070-5.202), 2.042 (1.152-3.622), all P < 0.05]. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value of Logistic regression model based on comet-tail sign and EVLWI were 90.0%, 90.0%, 90.0%, 81.8%, 94.7%, respectively, and area under curve (AUC) were 0.926±0.018, 95% CI was 0.912-0.975, P < 0.001. Conclusions:The transthoracic lung ultrasound comet-tail in septic patients is significantly correlated with EVLWI monitored by PiCCO. The transthoracic lung ultrasound comet-tail combined with EVLWI can better improve the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 28-day prognosis in septic patients.
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Objective:To investigate the expression of B lymphocyte induced maturation protein 1 (Blimp-1) in peripheral blood CD4 + T cells, CD19 + B cells and labial glands of patients with primary Sj?gren′s syndrome (pSS) and the correlation of Blimp-1 with clinical features. Methods:Expression of PRDM1 at mRNA level in CD4 + T cells, CD19 + B cells and labial gland tissues were detected by RT-PCR. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to observe the distribution of Blimp-1. Correlation of PRDM1 expression at mRNA level with clinical indicators was analyzed. Results:PRDM1 expression at mRNA level in CD4 + T and CD19 + B cells were significantly higher in pSS group than in healthy control (HC) group ( P<0.01). Based on European League Against Rheumatism Sj?gren′s Syndrome Disease Activity Index (ESSDAI), the patients were classified into two groups: active group (ESSDAI≥5) and inactive group (ESSDAI<5). PRDM1 expression at mRNA level in CD4 + T and CD19 + B cells were also higher in the active group than in inactive group ( P<0.05). Blimp-1 protein accumulated around the acinus and duct of labial gland and in the germinal center in pSS patients. PRDM1 expression at mRNA level in labial gland tissues of pSS patients was positively correlated with lymphocyte infiltration ( r=0.781, P<0.001). Conclusions:pSS displayed high expression of Blimp-1. Blimp-1 might affect pSS disease activity and have clinical significance in pSS treatment.
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Objective:To investigate the drug resistance genes carried on a carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. isolate. Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on one strain of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp, which was clinically isolated in July 2016. The strain was identified by Vitek2-compact and further confirmed by PCR detection of bla OXA-51-like, 16S-23S rRNA intergenic space sequencing and partial rpoB gene sequence analysis. Carbapenemase (NDM, KPC, VIM, IMP, SIM, SPM, GIM, OXA-23-like, OXA-24-like, OXA-58-like), 16S rRNA methylase gene (armA, rmtA, rmtB), Beta-lactamases (TEM, SHV, CTX-M, VEB, PER) and class 1 integron were amplified and detected by PCR, and plasmids were analyzed using Southern hybridization. Results:The Acinetobacter baylyi isolate showed the positive for bla NDM-1 only, and negative for the other genes. Plasmid analysis and Southern bybridization result revealed that the bla NDM-1 gene was located on unconjugatable plasmid (54 000-60 000 bp). Conclusions:Attention should be paid to the occurrence of carbapenem-resistant non-baumannii Acinetobacter spp. and the transmission mechanism of drug resistant genes.
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OBJECTIVE@#To explore the genetic basis for an infant with congenital generalized lipodystrophy.@*METHODS@#Peripheral blood samples of the child and her parents were collected for the extraction of genomic DNA. All exons and flanking sequences of the AGPAT2 gene were subjected to Sanger sequencing.@*RESULTS@#The child was found to harbor compound heterozygous c.792_805delGGAGAACGGGGCCA (p.Gln264Hisfs*208) and c.335C>T (p.P112L) variants in exons 6 and 3 of the AGPAT2 gene, which were respectively inherited from her mother and father. c.792_805delGGAGAACGGGGCCA (p.Gln264Hisfs*208) was previously unreported, while c.335C>T (p.P112L) was known to be pathogenic.@*CONCLUSION@#The compound heterozygous variants of the AGPAT2 gene probably underlie the disease in this child.
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Objective To observe the application of multiple fluorescent PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) in the diagnosis and clinical detection of bloodstream infection. Methods 256 blood cultures were collected by the Laboratory Department of Yinzhou People′s Hospital from January 2018 to May 2018, and were detected by multiplex fluorescent PCR. The results of the PCR were compared with the traditional blood culture bacteria identification instrument (traditional blood culture method). The number of positive and negative samples and the number of corresponding samples of the two methods were counted. Then, they analyzed the specificity and sensitivity of multiplex fluorescence PCR in the diagnosis of bloodstream flow infections. Results A total of 18 pathogenic microbes are detected through blood culture and PCR. Multiple fluorescent PCR detects 142 positive samples and 114 negative samples. Among them, 132 samples also show positive through blood culture, and 111 samples show negative. The consistency rate between multiple PCR and traditional blood cultures is 91.8％ (235/256). The negative prediction rate of PCR is 97.4％ (111/114), sensitivity rate 97.8％ (132/135), specificity rate 91.7％ (111/121). 10 samples show positive through multiple fluorescence PCR but negative for blood culture, 3 samples show positive through blood culture but negative for PCR. Besides, there are 3 types of pathogens that exceed the detection range of PCR. Conclusions Multiplex PCR method can detect 17 pathogens in blood culture specimens of patients, which can not only optimize the traditional blood culture process, but also greatly shorten the reporting time and improve the detection rate of blood culture methods. Especially for patients treated with antibiotics, it can reduce missed detection and improve the diagnostic rate of bloodstream infections.
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Objective@#To investigate the effects of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on healing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infective wound in New Zealand rabbit after debridement.@*Methods@#Thirty-two New Zealand rabbits (3 to 4 months old, no matter male or female) were intradermally injected with 0.1 mL of complete Freund′s adjuvant on the buttocks. Six weeks later, each rabbit was injected with 0.5 mL 5×107 colony forming unit/mL Bacillus Calmette-Guerin on both sides of the back to reproduce the model of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infective wound in New Zealand rabbit. After successful modeling, the 32 rabbits were divided into growth factor (GF) group, antituberculosis drug (AD) group, combined treatment (CT) group, and blank control (BC) group according to the random number table, with 8 rabbits in each group. After a complete debridement, the wounds of rabbits in group GF were treated with recombinant bovine bFGF gel (300 IU/cm2, about 0.45 g for each wound), the wounds of rabbits in group AD were covered with gauze which was impregnated with 6 mL isoniazid injection and 0.15 g rifampicin powder-injection, the wounds of rabbits in group CT were covered with gauze which was impregnated with isoniazid injection and rifampicin powder-injection after being treated with recombinant bovine bFGF gel as before, the wounds of rabbits in group BC were covered with sterile gauze, with dressing change of once every two days until the wounds were completely healed. Immediately after surgery and on post surgery day (PSD) 7, 14, 21, and 28, the wounds of rabbits in each group were observed with naked eyes and photos. On PSD 7, 14, 21, and 28, the wound healing rate was calculated and the complete healing time of wound was recorded. On PSD 7, 14, 21, and 28, the tissue samples of wound edge were collected for histomorphological observation with hematoxylin and eosin staining and Masson staining. On PSD 21, the number of microvessels was counted with immunohistochemical method. On PSD 7, 14, 21, and 28, the content of hydroxyproline in wound edge was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The numbers of samples of above-mentioned experiments were all 8. Data were processed with analysis of variance for repeated measurement, analysis of variance of factorial design, one-way analysis of variance, least significant difference test and Bonferroni correction.@*Results@#(1) The rabbits in four groups all survived to the end of experiment. Immediately after surgery, edema was observed in basal wounds of rabbits in the four groups. On PSD 7, the wounds of rabbits in the 4 groups were contracted with scabs and less edema. The wounds of rabbits in groups GF and CT became redder. On PSD 14, the wounds of rabbits in the 4 groups contracted obviously. There were no obvious exudates in wounds of rabbits in groups AD and CT, while 1 wound of rabbit in group GF and 2 wounds of rabbits in group BC became red and swelling with purulent exudates. On PSD 21, wounds of rabbits in groups GF and CT were basically healed, while 2 wounds of rabbits in group BC healed slowly with purulent secretion. On PSD 28, wounds of rabbits in the 4 groups were basically healed, while 2 wounds of rabbits in group BC hardly healed with redness and swelling. (2) From PSD 7 to 28, the wound healing rates of rabbits in groups GF, AD, and CT were significantly higher than those in group BC (P<0.05). On PSD 14 and 21, the wound healing rates of rabbits in groups GF and CT were significantly higher than those in group AD (P<0.05). From PSD 7 to 28, the wound healing rates of rabbits in group GF were close to those in group CT (P>0.05). (3) The complete healing time of wounds of rabbits in groups GF, AD, and CT was significantly shorter than that in group BC (P<0.05). The complete healing time of wounds of rabbits in groups GF and CT was significantly shorter than that in group AD (P<0.05). The complete healing time of wounds of rabbits in group GF was close to that in group CT (P>0.05). (4) On PSD 7, a large number of inflammatory cells infiltration were observed in wound tissue of rabbits in the 4 groups and a few epithelial cells were observed in wound tissue of rabbits in groups GF, AD, and CT. On PSD 14, more epithelial cells were observed in wound tissue of rabbits in groups GF and CT, and an obvious reduction of inflammatory cells infiltration was observed in wound tissue of rabbits in groups AD and CT. On PSD 21, there was a complete wound tissue structure and distinctive nuance of dyeing in wound tissue of rabbits in groups GF and CT while thinner new epithelium in wound tissue of rabbits in groups AD and BC, and inflammatory cell infiltration was observed in wound tissue of rabbits in group BC. On PSD 28, there was a complete wound tissue structure in wound tissue of rabbits in the 4 groups, the new epithelium in wound tissue of rabbits in groups GF, AD, and CT was thicker than that in group BC. (5) On PSD 7 and 14, the quantity of collagen fibers in wound tissue of rabbits in groups GF and CT was larger than that in the other two groups. On PSD 21, a large quantity of fibroblasts and well reorganized collagen fibers were observed in wound tissue of rabbits in groups GF and CT, a moderate quantity of fibroblasts and collagen fibers in a random arrangement were observed in wound tissue of rabbits in group AD, and a little quantity of fibroblasts and collagen fibers were observed in wound tissue of rabbits in group BC. On PSD 28, the quantity of collagen fibers in wound tissue of rabbits in the 4 groups was close to that of normal skin tissue, and the collagen fibers performed more well reorganized in wound tissue of rabbits in groups GF and CT. (6) On PSD 21, the numbers of microvessels per 200-time visual field in wound edge of rabbits in groups GF (31.6±1.2), AD (27.5±1.3), and CT (32.8±1.6) were significantly higher than the number in group BC (22.3±1.7, P<0.05). The numbers of microvessels in wound edge of rabbits in groups GF and CT were significantly higher than the number in group AD (P<0.05). The number of microvessels in wound edge of rabbits in group GF was close to that in group CT (P>0.05). (7) On PSD 7 and 28, there were no statistically significant differences in content of hydroxyproline in wound edge of rabbits in the 4 groups (F=0.916, 1.752, P>0.05). On PSD 14 and 21, the content of hydroxyproline in wound edge of rabbits in groups GF, AD, and CT was significantly higher than that in group BC (P<0.05). The content of hydroxyproline in the wound edge of rabbits in groups GF and CT was significantly higher than that in group AD (P<0.05). The content of hydroxyproline in the wound edge of rabbits in group GF was close to that in group CT (P>0.05).@*Conclusions@#bFGF can be used solely or combined with AD to promote Mycobacterium tuberculosis infective wound healing in New Zealand rabbit after complete debridement of wound, which is better than single use of AD.
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Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) modulators may attenuate PCSK9-induced low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) degradation in lysosome and promote the clearance of circulating low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). A novel series of tetrahydroprotoberberine derivatives (THPBs) were designed, synthesized, and evaluated as PCSK9 modulators for the treatment of hyperlipidemia. Among them, eight compounds exhibited excellent activities in downregulating hepatic PCSK9 expression better than berberine in HepG2 cells. In addition, five compounds , , , ()-, and ()- showed better performance in the low-density lipoprotein, labeled with 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethyl-indocarbocyanine perchlorate (DiI-LDL) uptake assay, compared with berberine at the same concentration. Compound , selected for evaluation, demonstrated significant reductions of total cholesterol (TC) and LDL-C in hyperlipidemic hamsters with a good pharmacokinetic profile. Further exploring of the lipid-lowering mechanism showed that compound promoted hepatic LDLR expression in a dose-dependent manner in HepG2 cells. Additional results of human related gene (hERG) inhibition assay indicated the potential druggability for compound , which is a promising lead compound for the development of PCSK9 modulator for the treatment of hyperlipidemia.
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OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the therapeutic effect of Qingshen Granules on renal anemia in patients with damp-heat syndrome and explore the mechanisms in light of inflammation/hepcidin axis and iron metabolism.@*METHODS@#Sixty patients with renal anemia and dampness-heat syndrome were randomized into control group (=30) and treatment group (=30). All the patients were given routine treatment, and the patients in the treatment group received additional treatment with Qingshen Granules (3 times a day). After 12 weeks of treatments, the patients were examined for changes in the integral value of TCM syndrome, serum creatinine (Scr), glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HCT), red blood cell (RBC) count, interleukin-6 (IL-6), hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), ferritin, growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15), serum iron (SI), total iron binding capacity (TIBC), transferrin saturation (TAST), soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) and ferritin levels.@*RESULTS@#After the treatment, the scores of TCM syndrome were significantly improved in the treatment group and were better than those in the control group (=0.000). Scr and eGFR were improved in both groups after the treatment. The levels of HGB, HCT and RBC were all improved in the two groups after treatment, and the improvements were more obvious in the treatment group (=0.002, 0.002, and 0.017, respectively). The levels of IL-6, hs-CRP, hepcidine and GDF-15 were all lowered in the two groups after the treatment, and they were all significantly lower in the treatment group than in the control group (all =0.000). The treatments increased the levels of SI and TAST in both of the groups, and compared with those in control group, the levels of TIBC, sTfR and ferritin were significantly lowered in the treatment group after the 12-week treatment (=0.000).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Qingshen granules can effectively improve renal anemia in patients with damp-heat syndrome possibly by improving iron metabolism through alleviation of inflammation and reduction of hepcidine level.
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Objective@#To investigate the effect of triptolide, a specific inhibitor of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), on apatinib resistance in gastric cancer cells line MKN45.@*Methods@#The apatinib-resistant cells (MKN45/AR) and MKN45 parental cells were treated with apatinib, triptolide and apatinib combined with triptolide, respectively. CCK-8 assay was performed to determine the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of MKN45/AR and MKN45 cells in the presence of different treatment. The mRNA expression of heat shock protein gene (HSPA1A and HSPA1B) was detected by RT-PCR, while the protein expression of heat shock protein 70 was analyzed using Western blot in MKN45/AR and MKN45 cells.@*Results@#The IC50 values of apatinib-sensitive and apatinib-resistant MKN45 cells were 10.411 μmol/L and 70.527 μmol/L, respectively, showing a significant difference (P<0.05). The mRNA expression of HSPA1A and HSPA1B in MKN45/AR cells was significantly higher than that in MKN45 cells (P<0.001). The protein expression of heat shock protein 70 was significantly decreased after 0.25 μmol/L triptolide treatment in MKN45/AR cells (P<0.01). When heat shock protein 70 was inhibited by triptolide, the IC50 value of apatinib in MKN45/AR cells was reduced to 11.679 μmol/L, which was significantly lower than cells treated with apatinib alone (P<0.05).@*Conclusions@#The apatinib-resistant MKN45 cells have high levels of heat shock protein 70. Low doses of triptolide can significantly inhibit heat shock protein 70, leading to reverse the resistance phenotype of MKN45/AR cells. Therefore, inhibition of heat shock protein 70 provides a new therapy strategy for patients with apatinib resistance.
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Objective To study the effect of early enteral nutrition ( EN ) on the serum endotoxin and intestinal permeability in patients with severe acute pancreatitis ( SAP ) .Methods Seventy patients with SAP were selected as study objects ,and they were divided into parenteral nutrition ( PN) group and EN group according to the random number table method ,with 35 cases in each group.The PN group was given PN intervention ,while the EN group was given EN intervention .The levels of serum endotoxin and the ratio of the excretion rates of urinary lactulose and mannitol excretion before and after 1 week and 2 weeks of intervention , and the levels of inflammatory factors before and after treatment were measured .Results Before intervention ,the levels of serum endotoxin and the ratio of the excretion rates of urinary lactulose and mannitol excretion had no statistically significant differences between the two groups (t=0.274,P=0.452;t=0.035,P=0.885).After 1 week and 2 weeks of intervention,the levels of serum endotoxin and the ratio of the excretion rates of urinary lactulose and mannitol excretion in the EN group were significantly lower than those in the PN group (t=9.024,10.761,P=0.000,0.000;t=6.935,8.358,P=0.000, 0.000).After treatment,the levels of TNF -α,IL-1β,IL-6 and IL-8 in the EN group were significantly lower than those in the PN group (t=12.674,10.318,9.754,8.307,P=0.000,0.000,0.000,0.002).Conclusion EN has significant influence on the serum endotoxin and intestinal permeability in patients with SAP ,and compared with PN,EN can promote the clearance of serum endotoxin ,reduce the permeability of intestinal mucosa ,and it is worth promoting.
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Objective To explore the value of speckle tracking imaging ( STI) in the evaluation of left ventricular longitudinal movement function in patients with sepsis. Methods From April 2015 to November 2016,sixty?eight patients (sepsis group) who were admitted into ICU of Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital and other 68 healthy subjects ( control group) were selevted in the study. The total longitudinal strain values of 3 long axes and the longitudinal strain of each segment of the left ventricle were measured by STI technique. Results The overall strain values of the septic group and the control group on the left ventricular long axis were (-17. 34±4. 34) and (-18. 43±2. 90),respectively. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( P=0. 04 ) , and the overall strain of the sepsis group was relatively low. The apical segment of posterior ventricular septal,the middle section of anterior septal and lateral wall of the two groups had showed no statistically significant difference ( P<0. 05) ,the differences in the other longitudinal strain values of each segment in left ventricular of the two groups were statistically significant( P<0. 05) . The longitudinal strain values of the posterior ventricular septal were (-14. 11 ± 3. 21 ) and (-18. 23 ± 2. 34 ) , ( P=0. 018 ); the longitudinal strain of the middle segment of ventricular septal were (-20. 38±2. 78) and (-17. 30±3. 42),(P=0. 024);the longitudinal strain of the basal segment of the anterior ventricular septal were (-16. 98±3. 51) and (-17. 32 ± 2. 35 ) , ( P=0. 012 ); the anterior interventricular septal apical longitudinal strain value were (-13. 11±5. 21) and (-22. 43 ± 1. 64) ( P=0. 044); the longitudinal strain values of the front wall were (-16. 22±5. 93) and (-19. 72 ± 4. 81) ( P=0. 030); the longitudinal strain values of the lower wall were (-18. 54±4. 97) and (-20. 01±3. 26),(P=0. 002); the longitudinal strain of the posterior wall is (-17. 82 ±2. 31) and (-19. 57±3. 11) (P=0. 021). Conclusion The STI technique can find out the myocardial injury in the early stage of sepsis,which offers a reliable way for evaluation of sepsis patients.