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1.
Free Radic Biol Med ; 196: 53-64, 2023 02 20.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36640852

RÉSUMÉ

Oxidative stress can attack precursor nucleotides, resulting in nucleic acid damage in cells. It remains unclear how 8-oxo-dGTP and 8-oxoGTP, oxidized forms of dGTP and GTP, respectively, could affect DNA or RNA oxidation levels and tumor development. To address this, we intravenously administered 8-oxo-dGTP and 8-oxoGTP to wild-type and MTH1-knockout mice. 8-oxoGTP administration increased frequency of tumor incidence, which is more prominent in MTH1-knockout mice. However, 8-oxo-dGTP treatment rather reduced tumor development regardless of the mouse genotype. The tumor suppressive effects of 8-oxo-dGTP were further confirmed using xenograft and C57/6J-ApcMin/Nju mouse models. Mechanistically, 8-oxo-dGTP increased the 8-oxo-dG contents in DNA and DNA strand breakage, induced cell cycle arrest in S phase and apoptosis mediated by AIF, eventually leading to reduced tumor incidence. These results suggest distinct roles of 8-oxo-dGTP and 8-oxoGTP in tumor development.


Sujet(s)
Tumeurs , Phosphoric monoester hydrolases , Humains , Animaux , Souris , Phosphoric monoester hydrolases/génétique , Phase S , Nucléotide désoxyguanylique/métabolisme , Tumeurs/génétique , ADN/métabolisme , Souris knockout , Apoptose , Enzymes de réparation de l'ADN/génétique
2.
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica ; (12): 298-312, 2023.
Article de Chinois | WPRIM (Pacifique Occidental) | ID: wpr-965712

RÉSUMÉ

Liquid-phase microextraction is a novel pretreatment technique for biological samples developed on the basis of liquid-phase extraction technology, which is simple, rapid, economical, and environmentally friendly, and has been widely used in the analysis of biological matrix samples such as blood, urine, and saliva. In this paper, we review the basic principles of the main modes of liquid-phase microextraction techniques, i.e., single-drop microextraction, dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, and hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction, and the progress of their applications in biological sample pretreatment by reviewing the literature in the past five years, with a view to providing technical support and reference for sample pretreatment in the fields of in vivo drug analysis, pharmacokinetic studies and new drug development.

3.
Chinese Journal of Zoonoses ; (12): 1239-1246, 2023.
Article de Chinois | WPRIM (Pacifique Occidental) | ID: wpr-1024881

RÉSUMÉ

This study was aimed at identifying species of ticks and investigating infections with tick-borne pathogens a-mong people in Yadong,Tibet.The total of 23 ticks(Ixodes and Haemaphysalis)collected from livestock in Yadong,Tibet in July 2021,the gene sequences of cytochrome oxidase subunitⅠ(COX Ⅰ),mitochondrial 16S ribosomal DNA(16S rDNA)and mitochondrial 12S ribosomal DNA(12S rDNA)were identi-fied on the basis of molecular biology classification.The gene sequences of spotted fever group rickettsia(SFGR),Borrelia burgdorferi,Francisella tularensis and Coxiella burnetii in ticks were amplified by PCR and sequenced,and phylogenetic ana-lyses were performed.In addition,184 serum samples collected from Yadong in 2021 were screened for antibodies to Lyme dis-ease,Q fever,spotted fever,and tularemia by ELISA,and infections with tick-borne pathogens in Yadong were comprehen-sively analyzed.The ticks(Ixodes)collected in Yadong,Tibet,were grouped into two categories.The COX Ⅰ,16S rDNA,and 12S rDNA gene sequences of the ticks had 99.5%,97.57%,and 99.12% similarity,respectively,to those of Ixodes nuttallia-nus in GenBank.The similarities between the COX Ⅰ and 16S rDNA gene sequences of another Ixodes tick species and the COXⅠ and 16S rDNA gene sequences of Ixodes ovatus in GenBank were 88.29% and 95.75%,respectively.The similarity between the COX Ⅰ,16S rDNA,and 12S rDNA gene sequences of Haemaphysalis ticks and those of Haemaphysalis Tibet in GenBank were 96.04%,96.17%,and 97.47%,respectively.The sequence amplification results for Borrelia burgdorferi,Francisella tularensis,and Coxsiella burnetii in 23 ticks were negative,whereas gltA gene amplification of spotted fever group Rickettsia in 23 ticks was positive.The similarity of gltA gene sequences with respect to those of Candidatus Rickettsia tarasevichiae,Rickettsia raoultii,Rickettsia canadensis,and a Rickettsia endosymbiont of Eucalyptus brunneri in GenBank was 96.77%,96.76%,95.35%,and 95.35%,respectively.Among 184 serum samples from Yadong,the positivity rates of Lyme disease,Q fever,spotted fever,and tularemia were 6.52%,12.50%,8.70%,and 10.87%,respectively.These results indicated that the 23 parasitic ticks collected in Yadong,Tibet,in July 2021 were Ixodes nuttallianus,Ixodes ovatus and Haemaphysalis ti-betensis,and 23 ticks were infected with SFGR.Lyme disease,Q fever,spotted fever,and tularemia infection were prevalent in the population of Yadong.Therefore,efforts to control tick-borne diseases must be strengthened.

4.
Chinese Journal of Endemiology ; (12): 206-211, 2023.
Article de Chinois | WPRIM (Pacifique Occidental) | ID: wpr-991606

RÉSUMÉ

Objective:To learn about the characteristics of natural foci and the spatial distribution of mosquitoes and ticks in Yadong County, Tibet Autonomous Region (Tibet for short).Methods:The eco-geographical characteristics, demographic information, agricultural and animal husbandry data of the natural foci in Yadong County, Tibet were collected from the Yadong County 2020 statistical yearbook, vector data were collected from the Yadong County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and the data of the meteorological station in Yadong County from 2010 to 2021 were collected from the World Weather Network. In July 2021, a total of 20 mosquito and tick sampling points were selected for field investigation according to the distribution characteristics of vegetation and animal husbandry of Yadong County. The light trap method was used to trap mosquitoes, and the manual inspection and flag dragging method were used to catch ticks. The spatial distribution characteristics of mosquitoes and ticks were analyzed.Results:The natural epidemic foci in Yadong County, Tibet, were high in the north and low in the south, with an elevation difference of about 5 000 m. It was rich in water resources, and the average runoff of Yadong River was 20.1 m 3/s. The climate in the north was cold and dry, and the south was mild and humid. From 2010 to 2021, the annual average station air pressure in Yadong County was 452.8 mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa), the maximum monthly average temperature, precipitation and relative humidity of air were 8.7 ℃, 134.5 mm and 81.3%, respectively, all in July. A total of 6 897 diptera insects were attracted by the light trap method, all of which were non-blood-sucking mosquitoes. The total density was 163.77 pieces/(lamp·h), the dominant population was Muscaridae, accounting for 89.69% (6 186/6 897). In different sampling areas, Xiayadong Township collected the most mosquitoes, accounting for 67.17% (4 633/6 897); the others were Yadong County and Shangyadong Township, accounting for 27.36% (1 887/6 897) and 5.47% (377/6 897), respectively. A total 2 014 host animals were examined, and 23 parasitic ticks were caught, of which 20 were of the genus Ixodes and 3 were of the genus Haemophilus. No free ticks were caught in all ticks sampling points. Conclusions:The climate and ecological environment of the natural foci in Yadong County, Tibet have obvious vertical gradient. Mosquitoes and ticks are active, but the density is not high, the density of mosquitoes is generally high in the south and low in the north.

5.
Zhongguo Zhen Jiu ; 42(11): 1269-77, 2022 Nov 12.
Article de Chinois | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36397225

RÉSUMÉ

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 (VEGFR-3), proinflammatory factors and apoptosis in myocardial tissue in mice with acute myocardial ischemia (AMI), and to explore the mechanism of EA for AMI. METHODS: Fifty male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into a sham operation group, a model group, an EA group, an inhibitor group and an inhibitor+EA group, 10 mice in each group. Except for the sham operation group, the mice in the remaining groups were intervented with ligation at the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery to establish AMI model. The mice in the sham operation group were intervented without ligation after thoracotomy. The mice in the EA group were intervented with EA at "Shenmen" (HT 7) and "Tongli" (HT 5), disperse-dense wave, 2 Hz/15 Hz in frequency, 1 mA in current intensity, 30 min each time, once a day, for 3 d. The mice in the inhibitor group were treated with intraperitoneal injection of SAR 131675 (12.5 mg•kg-1•d-1, once a day for 3 d). The mice in the inhibitor+EA group were injected intraperitoneally with SAR 131675 30 min before EA. The ECG before modeling, 30 min after modeling and 3 d after intervention was detected, and the ST segment displacement was recorded; after the intervention, the ELISA method was applied to measure the contents of serum creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) as well as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-23 (IL-23) in myocardial tissue; the HE staining method was used to observe the morphological changes of myocardial tissue; the immunofluorescence double labeling method was applied to measure the number of co-expression positive cells of VEGF-C/VEGFR-3 in myocardial tissue; the TUNEL method was used to detect the level of cardiomyocyte apoptosis; the Western blot method was applied to measure the protein expressions of VEGF-C, VEGFR-3, b-lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), activated caspase-3 (Cleaved Caspase-3) and activated poly adenosine diphosphate ribose polymerase-1 (Cleaved PARP-1). RESULTS: Compared with the sham operation group, in the model group the ST segment displacement was increased (P<0.01); the contents of CK-MB, AST, TNF-α and IL-23 were increased (P<0.01); the arrangement of myocardial fibers was disordered, and interstitial inflammatory cell infiltration was obvious; the number of co-expression positive cells of VEGF-C/VEGFR-3 was decreased (P<0.01); the number of cardiomyocyte apoptosis was increased (P<0.01); the expressions of VEGF-C, VEGFR-3 and Bcl-2 were decreased (P<0.01); the expressions of Cleaved Caspase-3 and Cleaved PARP-1 were increased (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, in the EA group the ST segment displacement was decreased (P<0.01); the contents of CK-MB, AST, TNF-α, IL-23 were decreased (P<0.01); the severity of myocardial pathological injury was reduced; the number of co-expression positive cells of VEGF-C/VEGFR-3 was increased (P<0.01); the number of cardiomyocyte apoptosis was reduced (P<0.01); the expressions of VEGF-C, VEGFR-3 and Bcl-2 were increased (P<0.01); the expressions of Cleaved Caspase-3 and Cleaved PARP-1 were reduced (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in all the indexes between the model group and the inhibitor group (P>0.05). Compared with the model group, the protein expression of VEGF-C was increased in the inhibitor+EA group (P<0.01). Compared with the inhibitor group, in the EA group the ST segment displacement was decreased (P<0.01); the contents of CK-MB, AST, TNF-α, IL-23 were decreased (P<0.01); the severity of myocardial pathological injury was reduced; the number of co-expression positive cells of VEGF-C/VEGFR-3 was increased (P<0.05); the number of cardiomyocyte apoptosis was reduced (P<0.01); the expressions of VEGF-C, VEGFR-3 and Bcl-2 were increased (P<0.01); the expressions of Cleaved Caspase-3 and Cleaved PARP-1 were reduced (P<0.01). Compared with the inhibitor+EA group, all the indexes in the EA group were improved except the protein expression of VEGF-C (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: EA could relieve the inflammatory reaction and apoptosis in AMI mice, and its mechanism may be related to activating VEGF-C/VEGFR-3 pathway and promoting lymphangion genesis.


Sujet(s)
Électroacupuncture , Ischémie myocardique , Souris , Mâle , Animaux , Récepteur-3 au facteur croissance endothéliale vasculaire , Caspase-3 , Facteur de croissance endothéliale vasculaire de type C , Facteur de nécrose tumorale alpha/génétique , Facteur de croissance endothéliale vasculaire de type A/génétique , Inhibiteurs de poly(ADP-ribose) polymérases , Souris de lignée C57BL , Ischémie myocardique/génétique , Ischémie myocardique/thérapie , Ischémie myocardique/métabolisme , Apoptose , Interleukine-23 , Protéines proto-oncogènes c-bcl-2
6.
Front Psychiatry ; 13: 1003491, 2022.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36245877

RÉSUMÉ

Interference control function is a key function in a series of specific functions of working memory (WM), which is usually impaired in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Event-related potentials (ERPs) have advantages in exploring the neural processing of interference control and WM impairment, and therefore, it is helpful to further understand the neural mechanism of MDD. In the present study, 44 patients with MDD and 44 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs) were recruited. All participants completed a 4-gradient difficulty Brown-Peterson task (BPT), whose difficulty was manipulated by changing the demand of interspersed distraction tasks. High-density EEG was simultaneously recorded. The hit rate and reaction time (RT) toward the target stimulus as well as the underlying ERP features were analyzed. The results showed that, when compared with HCs, MDD patients had significantly lower hit rates and longer RTs among all four difficulties of BPT. For ERP components, no significant between-group difference was found in either N100 or P200 average amplitudes; however, the centroparietal late positive potential (LPP) amplitude of both MDD group and HC group decreased with the increase of BPT difficulty, despite the pattern of the HC group was relative moderate. For both groups, the LPP amplitude was significantly smaller in high-order difficult BPT tasks than in low-order difficult tasks. Moreover, LPP amplitude in high-order difficult tasks was much smaller in MDD group than that of HC group. Our findings suggest that failure to control interference well may play a critical role in the impairment of WM in patients with MDD, and provided new evidence that the neural correlates of interference control dysfunction of WM in MDD.

7.
Front Psychiatry ; 13: 989924, 2022.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36147969

RÉSUMÉ

Abnormal cognitive conflict resolution has been considered as a critical element of executive dysfunctions inpatient with major depression (MD). Further clarifying whether there was a deficit at perceptual encoding stage or the early response-execution stage in conflict control function by event-related potential (ERP) technique in MD would be helpful in understanding the neural mechanism of MD. Participants included twenty-six depressed patients and twenty-six healthy controls (HCs). All participants measured with Hamilton Depression Scale (17-item edition, HAMD) and a Simon task. Electroencephalograms were synchronously recorded when performing the Simon task. The method of residue iteration decomposition was used to analyze the lateralized readiness potential (LRP) and P300 components, which contributed to divides ERP components into a stimulus-locked component (S-cluster), a response-locked component (R-cluster) and an intermediate component cluster (C-cluster) by using latency variability and time markers. Results showed that reactive times (RTs) for both groups were fastest in congruent trials, and slowest in incongruent trials; however, there is no difference in RTs under the three conditions between two groups. Accuracy Rate (ACC) for both groups were the highest in neutral trials, and the lowest in incongruent trials; ACC in MD group were all lower than that of HC group under three conditions. ERP data analyses showed that depressed patients had a deficit in activating the correct response, as reflected by reduced amplitudes of R-LRP, but no abnormality in LRP-S and P300-C. In conclusion, patients with MD present conflict control dysfunction (i.e., abnormal cognitive conflict resolution) at the early response-execution stage, not at perceptual encoding stage, which may be reflected by the reduced R-LRP amplitudes. The abnormal cognitive conflict resolution in activating the correct response might constitute an interesting treatment target.

8.
Front Psychiatry ; 13: 822677, 2022.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35859606

RÉSUMÉ

Implicit self-esteem (ISE) has been considered a critical factor in the development and maintenance of major depressive disorder (MDD). Further investigating the event-related potential (ERP) characteristics underlying abnormal ISE in MDD would be helpful for understanding the neural mechanism of MDD. For this purpose, 32 MDD patients and 31 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled in this study. The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) was used to evaluate explicit self-esteem (ESE), and a self-esteem go/no-go association task (GNAT) was used to assess ISE. Electroencephalograms were synchronously recorded when performing the self-esteem GNAT. Behavioral data and ERP characteristics under different conditions were analyzed and compared within and across groups. The results showed that compared to HCs, MDD patients had significantly lower RSES scores and self-D scores of GNAT, which reflected lower levels of ESE and ISE, respectively. No significant correlation was found between RESE and self-D scores, and only RESE scores were significantly negatively correlated with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) score. The averaged centroparietal go-P3 amplitude under the self-positive condition was significantly smaller in MDD than in HCs. Moreover, HCs had a significantly larger average centroparietal go-P3 amplitude in self-positive than in self-negative conditions, while this pattern was opposite in the MDD group. The neural activity patterns for other conditions were similar between MDD and HCs. Our results suggested that patients with MDD have a decreased level of both ESE and ISE, and ISE might be more independent of clinical symptoms. Decreased neural processing that implicitly associate self with positive conditions (and relatively increased implicit association between self and negative conditions) might be important neural correlates for abnormal ISE in MDD.

9.
Chinese Journal of Hematology ; (12): 229-234, 2022.
Article de Chinois | WPRIM (Pacifique Occidental) | ID: wpr-929562

RÉSUMÉ

Objective: This study aimed to create a type of CAR-T cells that targets LMP1 antigen and study its immunotherapeutic effect on LMP1-positive hematological malignancies. Methods: To generate LMP1 CAR-T cells, a plasmid expressing LMP1 CAR was created using molecular cloning technology, and T cells were infected with LMP1 CAR lentivirus. The effects of LMP1 CAR-T cells on specific cytotoxicity against LMP1-positive tumor cell lines infected with the EB virus had been confirmed. Results: ① LMP1 protein expressing on EB virus-positive lymphoma cells surface was verified. ② The LMP1 CAR-expressing plasmid was created, and LMP1 CAR-T cells were obtained by infecting T cells with a lentivirus packaging system, with an infection efficiency of more than 80% . ③LMP1 CAR-T cells have a 4∶1 effect-to-target ratio in killing LMP1-positive lymphoma cells. The killing effect of LMP1 CAR-T cells on Raji cells was enhanced after 48 h of coculture, but there was no significant killing effect on Ramos, which are LMP1-negative lymphoma cells. ④After coculture with LMP1-positive lymphoma cells at a ratio of 1∶1 for 5 h, the degranulation effect was enhanced. The proportion of CD107a(+) T cells in the LMP1 CAR-T cell treatment group was significantly higher than that in the vector-T cell group [ (13.25±2.94) % vs (1.55±0.05) % , t=3.972, P=0.017]. ⑤After coculture with LMP1-positive lymphoma cells, the proportion of CD69(+) and CD25(+) T cells in the LMP1 CAR-T cell group was significantly higher than that in vector-T cell group [ (7.40±0.41) % vs (3.48±0.47) % , t=6.268, P=0.003; (73.00±4.73) % vs (57.67±2.60) % , t=2.842, P=0.047]. ⑥After coculture with LMP1-positive lymphoma cells, cytokine secretion in the LMP1 CAR-T cell group was higher than that in the vector-T cell group [interferon-gamma: (703±73) ng/L vs (422±87) ng/L, t=2.478, P=0.068; tumor necrosis factor-alpha: (215±35) ng/L vs (125±2) ng/L, t=2.536, P=0.064]. Conclusion: In this study, we found that the LMP1 protein is only found on the surface of the EBV-positive tumor cell. Simultaneously, we created an LMP1 CAR-expressing plasmid and obtained LMP1 CAR-T cells by infecting T cells with a lentivirus packaging system. Furthermore, we demonstrated that LMP1 CAR-T cells could specifically kill LMP1-positive tumor cells in vitro. The degranulation and activation effects of LMP1 CAR-T cells were enhanced after coculture with LMP1-positive tumor cells, indicating a potential clinical application.


Sujet(s)
Humains , Lignée cellulaire tumorale , Herpèsvirus humain de type 4 , Lentivirus , Lymphomes/thérapie , Récepteurs chimériques pour l'antigène/génétique , Lymphocytes T , Protéines de la matrice virale
10.
Chinese Journal of Hematology ; (12): 376-382, 2022.
Article de Chinois | WPRIM (Pacifique Occidental) | ID: wpr-929571

RÉSUMÉ

Objective: To investigate the effect of CD33-targeted bi-specific and tri-specific T-cell engagers on T-cell proliferation and explore their cytotoxicity on leukemia cells. Methods: The CD33-targeted bi-specific T-cell engager (CD33-BiTE) and tri-specific T-cell engager (CD33-TriTE) expression vectors were successfully constructed and expressed through a eukaryotic cell expression system. CD33-BiTE and CD33-TriTE were purified by affinity chromatography. The effects of CD33-BiTE and CD33-TriTE on T cells were analyzed through in vitro experiments. Results: ① CD33-BiTE and CD33-TriTE were successfully constructed and purified and could compete with flow cytometry antibodies for binding to the target cells. ② After 12 days of co-culture with CD33-BiTE and CD33-TriTE, the number of human T cells were expanded to 33.89±19.46 and 81.56±23.62 folds, respectively. CD33-TriTE induced a stronger proliferation of T cells than CD33-BiTE (P<0.05) . ③ Both CD33-BiTE and CD33-TriTE induced specific dose-dependent cytotoxicity on CD33(+) leukemia cells. ④ Compared to CD33-TriTE, leukemia cells were prone to express PD-L1 when co-cultured with T cells and CD33-BiTE. CD33-TriTE induced powerful cytotoxicity on leukemia cells with high PD-L1 expression. Conclusion: CD33-BiTE and CD33-TriTE expression vectors were constructed, and fusion proteins were expressed in eukaryotic cells. Our results support the proliferative and activating effects of BiTE and TriTE on T cells. Compared to that of CD33-BiTE, CD33-TriTE induced a stronger proliferative effect on T cells and a more powerful cytotoxicity on leukemia cells with high PD-L1 expression.


Sujet(s)
Humains , Antigène CD274/pharmacologie , Leucémie aigüe myéloïde/métabolisme , Lectine-3 de type Ig liant l'acide sialique/pharmacologie , Lymphocytes T
11.
Article de Chinois | WPRIM (Pacifique Occidental) | ID: wpr-955186

RÉSUMÉ

Colorectal cancer is a common malignancy of the digestive tract, and the gut microbiota is closely related to the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer. The intestinal florae mainly change the host intestinal immune environment and affect the function of the intes-tinal barrier by releasing toxins and producing metabolites to participate the occurrence and deve-lopment of colon cancer. The intestinal florae can be used as biomarkers for early screening and prognosis prediction for colorectal cancer. In addition, the intestinal florae can affect the efficacy of chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy for colorectal cancer. The authors review the research progress of gut microbiota in occurrence and development, screening, prognosis prediction and treatment of colorectal cancer, and discuss the application prospects of gut microbiota in the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer.

12.
Article de Anglais | WPRIM (Pacifique Occidental) | ID: wpr-926744

RÉSUMÉ

Objective@#To compare the reproducibility and performance of quantitative metrics between ZOOMit and conventional intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of early- and mid-stage Sjögren’s syndrome (SS). @*Materials and Methods@#Twenty-two patients (mean age ± standard deviation, 52.0 ± 10.8 years; male:female, 2:20) with early- or mid-stage SS and 20 healthy controls (46.9 ± 14.6 years; male:female, 7:13) were prospectively enrolled in our study.ZOOMit IVIM and conventional IVIM MRI were performed simultaneously in all individuals using a 3T scanner. Quantitative IVIM parameters - including tissue diffusivity (D), pseudodiffusion coefficient (D*), and perfusion fraction (f) - inter- and intra-observer reproducibility in measuring these parameters, and their ability to distinguish patients with SS from healthy individuals were assessed and compared between ZOOMit IVIM and conventional IVIM methods, appropriately. MR gland nodular grade (MRG) was also examined. @*Results@#Inter- and intra-observer reproducibility was better with ZOOMit imaging than with conventional IVIM imaging (ZOOMit vs. conventional, intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.897–0.941 vs. 0.667–0.782 for inter-observer reproducibility and 0.891–0.968 vs. 0.814–0.853 for intra-observer reproducibility). Significant differences in ZOOMit f, ZOOMit D*, conventional D*, and MRG between patients with SS and healthy individuals (all p < 0.05) were observed. ZOOMit D* outperformed conventional D* in diagnosing early- and mid-stage SS (area under receiver operating curve, 0.867 and 0.658, respectively; p = 0.002). The combination of ZOOMit D*, MRG, and ZOOMit f as a new diagnostic index for SS, increased diagnostic area under the curve to 0.961, which was higher than that of any single parameter (all p < 0.01). @*Conclusion@#Considering its better reproducibility and performance, ZOOMit IVIM may be preferred over conventional IVIM MRI, and may subsequently improve the ability to diagnose early- and mid-stage SS.

13.
Ibrain ; 8(3): 276-284, 2022.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37786743

RÉSUMÉ

The number of smoking patients receiving anesthesia and surgical treatment is increasing day by day. It will be useful for medical advancement to explore whether smoking is an independent risk factor for postoperative cognitive impairment. A double-blind, parallel, and controlled study was conducted on 112 patients who fulfilled the criteria for inclusion in this study and planned to undergo painless gastroscopy under general anesthesia. The baseline mini-mental state examination (MMSE) scores and basic information were collected. The changes in the MMSE scores after waking up and 3 days after anesthesia were observed, and the adverse events (respiratory adverse reactions, circulatory fluctuations, and adverse reactions, drug use, etc.) were analyzed by logistic regression. The baseline level of each group is consistent, which is worth studying. The MMSE score of the smoking group after anesthesia was significantly different from that of the control group (p < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two groups 3 days after anesthesia. Among them, the differences in adverse events between the two groups were in terms of hiccup, postoperative cough, and SpO2 < 90% (p < 0.05). Regression analysis indicates that smoking after anesthesia leads to the occurrence of postoperative cough. Smoking is probably an independent risk factor for post-operative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in early postoperative patients.

14.
BMC Psychiatry ; 21(1): 544, 2021 11 03.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34732149

RÉSUMÉ

BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia (SZ) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) share many demographic characteristics and severity of clinical symptoms, genetic risk factors, pathophysiological underpinnings, and brain structure and function. However, the differences in the spontaneous brain activity patterns between the two diseases remain unclear. Here this study aimed to compare the features of intrinsic brain activity in treatment-naive participants with SZ and OCD and to explore the relationship between spontaneous brain activity and the severity of symptoms. METHODS: In this study, 22 treatment-naive participants with SZ, 27 treatment-naive participants with OCD, and sixty healthy controls (HC) underwent a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scan. The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF), regional homogeneity (ReHo) and degree of centrality (DC) were performed to examine the intrinsic brain activity of participants. Additionally, the relationships among spontaneous brain activity, the severity of symptoms, and the duration of illness were explored in SZ and OCD groups. RESULTS: Compared with SZ group and HC group, participants with OCD had significantly higher ALFF in the right angular gyrus and the left middle frontal gyrus/precentral gyrus and significantly lower ALFF in the left superior temporal gyrus/insula/rolandic operculum and the left postcentral gyrus, while there was no significant difference in ALFF between SZ group and HC group. Compared with HC group, lower ALFF in the right supramarginal gyrus/inferior parietal lobule and lower DC in the right lingual gyrus/calcarine fissure and surrounding cortex of the two patient groups, higher ReHo in OCD group and lower ReHo in SZ group in the right angular gyrus/middle occipital gyrus brain region were documented in the present study. DC in SZ group was significantly higher than that in HC group in the right inferior parietal lobule/angular gyrus, while there were no significant DC differences between OCD group and HC group. In addition, ALFF in the left postcentral gyrus were positively correlated with positive subscale score (r = 0.588, P = 0.013) and general psychopathology subscale score (r = 0.488, P = 0.047) respectively on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) in SZ group. ALFF in the left superior temporal gyrus/insula/rolandic operculum of participants with OCD were positively correlated with compulsion subscale score (r = 0.463, P = 0.030) on the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS). The longer the illness duration in SZ group, the smaller the ALFF of the left superior temporal gyrus/insula/rolandic operculum (Rho = 0.-492, P = 0.020). The longer the illness duration in OCD group, the higher the ALFF of the right supramarginal gyrus/inferior parietal lobule (Rho = 0.392, P = 0.043) and the left postcentral gyrus (Rho = 0.385, P = 0.048), and the lower the DC of the right inferior parietal lobule/angular gyrus (Rho = - 0.518, P = 0.006). CONCLUSION: SZ and OCD show some similarities in spontaneous brain activity in parietal and occipital lobes, but exhibit different patterns of spontaneous brain activity in frontal, temporal, parietal, occipital, and insula brain regions, which might imply different underlying neurobiological mechanisms in the two diseases. Compared with OCD, SZ implicates more significant abnormalities in the functional connections among brain regions.


Sujet(s)
Trouble obsessionnel compulsif , Schizophrénie , Encéphale/imagerie diagnostique , Cartographie cérébrale , Humains , Imagerie par résonance magnétique , Trouble obsessionnel compulsif/imagerie diagnostique , Schizophrénie/imagerie diagnostique
15.
Front Physiol ; 12: 703281, 2021.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34512379

RÉSUMÉ

AIMS: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a risk factor for steroid-resistant (SR) asthma. However, the underlying mechanism is not well defined. This study aimed to investigate how chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), the main pathophysiology of OSA, influenced the effects of glucocorticoids (GCs) on asthma. MAIN METHODS: The effects of dexamethasone (Dex) were determined using the ovalbumin (OVA)-challenged mouse model of asthma and transforming growth factor (TGF)-ß treated airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs), with or without CIH. The p38 MAPK signaling pathway activity was then detected in the mouse (n = 6) and ASMCs models (n = 6), which were both treated with the p38 MAPK inhibitor SB239063. KEY FINDINGS: Under CIH, mouse pulmonary resistance value, inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and inflammation scores increased in OVA-challenged combined with CIH exposure mice compared with OVA-challenged mice (p < 0.05). These indicators were similarly raised in the OVA + CIH + Dex group compared with the OVA + Dex group (P < 0.05). CIH exposure enhanced the activation of the p38 MAPK pathway, oxidative stress injury, and the expression of NF-κB both in lung tissue and ASMCs, which were reversed by treatment with Dex and SB239063. In the in vitro study, treatment with Dex and SB239063 decreased ASMCs proliferation induced by TGF-ß combined with CIH and suppressed activation of the p38 MAPK pathway, oxidative stress injury, and NF-κB nuclear transcription (p < 0.05). SIGNIFICANCE: These results indicated that CIH decreased GC sensitivity by activating the p38 MAPK signaling pathway.

16.
Front Hum Neurosci ; 15: 664008, 2021.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34122029

RÉSUMÉ

Background: Individuals' information processing includes automatic and effortful processes and the latter require sustained concentration or attention and larger amounts of cognitive "capacity." Event-related potentials (ERPs) reflect all neural activities that are related to a certain stimulus. Investigating ERP characteristics of effortful cognitive processing in people with schizophrenia would be helpful in further understanding the neural mechanism of schizophrenia. Methods: Both schizophrenia patients (SCZ, n = 33) and health controls (HC, n = 33) completed ERP measurements during the performance of the basic facial emotion identification test (BFEIT) and the face-vignette task (FVT). Data of ERP components (N100, P200, and N250), BFEIT and FVT performances were analyzed. Results: Schizophrenia patients' accuracies of face emotion detection in the BFEIT and vignette emotion detection in the FVT were both significantly worse than the performance of the HC group. Repeated-measures ANOVAs performed on mean amplitudes and latencies revealed that the interaction effect for group × experiment × site (prefrontal, frontal, central, parietal, and occipital site) was significant for N250 amplitude. In FVT experiment, N250 amplitudes at prefrontal and frontal sites in schizophrenia group were larger than those of HC group; the maximum N250 amplitude was present at the prefrontal site in both the groups. For N250 latency, the interaction effect for group × experiment was significant; N250 latencies in the schizophrenia group were longer than those of the HC group. Conclusion: Schizophrenia patients present effortful cognitive processing dysfunctions which reflect in abnormal ERP components, especially N250 at prefrontal cortex and frontal cortex sites. These findings have important implications for further clarifying the neural mechanism of effortful cognitive processing deficits in schizophrenia.

17.
J Phys Chem Lett ; 12(10): 2622-2629, 2021 Mar 18.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33719453

RÉSUMÉ

The size effect on the activity of a catalyst has been a focal issue since ideal catalysts were pursued, whereas that on the degradation of a catalyst, by reaction intermediates such as CO, is little discussed. We demonstrate that the dehydrogenation of methanol-d4 on supported Rh nanoclusters precovered with CO (Rh-CO clusters) was obstructed, indicated by a decreased production of CO and D2; the obstructive effect exhibits a remarkable dependence on the cluster size, with a minimum at a cluster diameter near 1.4 nm. The decreased production arose from a decreased reaction probability controlled by the increased activation energy for each dehydrogenation step (including formation of methoxy-d3), adsorption energies of CO, and repulsion from the CO array on the Rh-CO surface. The effects of these factors in deactivating the clusters varied separately with the cluster size. Consequently, the size effect on the CO poisoning should be taken into account in engineering the cluster size to optimize the catalytic performance.

18.
Sci Transl Med ; 13(586)2021 03 24.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33762435

RÉSUMÉ

Most basal-like breast cancers (BLBCs) are triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs), which have the worst prognosis and distant metastasis-free survival among breast cancer subtypes. Now, no targeted therapies are available for patients with BLBC due to the lack of reliable and effective molecular targets. Here, we performed the BLBC tissue microarray-based immunohistochemical analysis and showed that Faciogenital Dysplasia 5 (FGD5) abundance is associated with poor prognosis in BLBCs. FGD5 deletion decreased the proliferation, invasion, and tumorsphere formation capacity of BLBC cells. Furthermore, genetic inhibition of Fgd5 in mouse mammary epithelial cells attenuated BLBC initiation and progression by reducing the self-renewal ability of tumor-initiating cells. In addition, FGD5 abundance was positively correlated with the abundance of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in BLBCs. FGD5 ablation decreased EGFR abundance by reducing EGFR stability in TNBC cells in 2D and 3D culture conditions. Mechanistically, FGD5 binds to EGFR and interferes with basal EGFR ubiquitination and degradation induced by the E3 ligase ITCH. Impaired EGFR degradation caused BLBC cell proliferation and promoted invasive properties and self-renewal. To verify the role of the FGD5-EGFR interaction in the regulation of EGFR stability, we screened a cell-penetrating α-helical peptide PER3 binding with FGD5 to disrupt the interaction. Treatment of BLBC patient-derived xenograft-bearing mice with the peptide PER3 disrupting the FGD5-EGFR interaction either with or without chemotherapy reduced BLBC progression. Our study identified FGD5 as a positive modulator of tumor-initiating cells and suggests a potential therapeutic option for the BLBC subtype of breast cancer.


Sujet(s)
Facteurs d'échange de nucléotides guanyliques/génétique , Cellules souches tumorales , Tumeurs du sein triple-négatives , Animaux , Récepteurs ErbB , Femelle , Humains , Souris , Tumeurs du sein triple-négatives/génétique
19.
Chinese Journal of School Health ; (12): 1073-1076, 2021.
Article de Chinois | WPRIM (Pacifique Occidental) | ID: wpr-886328

RÉSUMÉ

Objective@#To provide reference for the overall education of Maonan primary and secondary school students by understanding the physical status.@*Methods@#Physical fitness test were administered in 1 107 boys and 1 236 girls in 2014,as well as 1 130 boys and 1 308 girls in 2019 of Maonan Nationality aged from 7 to 18 years old.@*Results@#Compared with 2014, the height of boys and girls aged 7-18 increased by 1.5 cm and 1.1 cm on average in 2019, and there were differences in boys height among 6 age groups ( P <0.05) and girls height among 5 age groups( P <0.05). The increase of vital capacity was 126 mL, and there were differences in the vital capacity of boys in 10 ages ( P <0.05) and girls in 11 age groups( P <0.05). The results of 50 m running are improved by 0.2 s and 0.4 s on average. There are differences in 7 ages of boys 50 m running results ( P <0.05), and there are differences in 11 age groups of girls 50 m running results( P <0.05). The average 1 000 m score of male students increased by 3.7 s, and there were differences among 4 age groups( P <0.05). The average 800 m score of female students increased by 12.8 s, and there were differences among 4 age groups( P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#Maonan primary and secondary school students body shape, physical function and sports quality are on the rise as a whole, and fluctuate in some age groups.

20.
Article de Chinois | WPRIM (Pacifique Occidental) | ID: wpr-882242

RÉSUMÉ

Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) is a relatively common subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in China. PTCL is clinically highly aggressive, and it progresses rapidly. The current treatment methods are ineffective and the overall prognosis is poor. The 62nd American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting reported on the progress of PTCL molecular targeted therapy and immunotherapy, including programmed death receptor 1/programmed death receptor ligand 1 antibodies, JAK inhibitors, brentuximab vedotin, etc. These novel drugs bring a better prospect for patients.

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