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For exploring the reaction between the hydroxyl groups of lignin and boric acid under the alkaline condition, we study three proposed mechanisms for the formation of the anionic borate diester (ABDE) using the salicyl alcohol anion as the model compound by the density functional theory. ABDE has high flame retardancy and is a potentially practical application of lignin. The catalysis of sodium cation is found to enhance the deprotonation of the water cluster. The deprotonated product, hydroxide anion, is essential to the critical step, which is the cleavage of B-O bonds of the boric acid molecule, in reaction mechanisms. The energy profiles of the mechanisms show that the reaction between lignin and boric acid may start from the hydroxymethyl moieties of lignin since it requires less energy for the aforementioned critical step than from the phenol moieties of lignin. Moreover, the hydroxide anions compete with the hydroxymethyl groups in lignin for the formation of B-O bonds by forming tetrahydroxyborate anion (TBA) which requires very high activation energies to further react to the desired product ABDE. The optimal condition is to enhance the catalytic effect of sodium cations and meanwhile to control the formation of TBA.
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In this study, the effect of boric acid (H3BO3) on fiber-reinforced layered composites was investigated. Glass fiber-reinforced epoxy composites were used, and the effects of boric acid on thermal and mechanical properties were investigated. For this purpose, composite plates were manufactured by adding boric acid (BA) to the epoxy in different ratios (0, 0.5, 1, and 1.5% by weight). Tensile tests, compression tests, and shear tests were performed to determine the mechanical properties of these plates, and DSC, TGA, and DMA analyses were performed to determine their thermal properties. SEM and EDS analyses were performed on the specimens to examine their morphologies. Furthermore, examinations were conducted on how BA affected the specimens' failure behavior. In the study, it was found that, except for the compressive strength, the mechanical properties were improved by the added BA. The highest tensile strength, shear strength, modulus of elasticity, shear modulus, and Poisson's ratio were obtained from 0.5% BA-added specimens and were 24.78%, 8.75%, 25.13%, 11.24%, and 12.5% higher than the values obtained from 0% BA-added specimens, respectively. The highest loss and storage modulus were obtained from 0% and 0.5% BA-added specimens, respectively. The specimens' glass transition temperatures were decreased by the addition of BA; the specimen with a 1% addition of BA had the lowest value. Furthermore, interlayer delamination and fiber/matrix failure were observed in all BA-added specimens.
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BACKGROUND: The present study aimed to evaluate the viability of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) exposed to boric acid (BA) and injectable platelet-rich fibrin (I-PRF). MATERIALS AND METHODS: hDPSCs were isolated from impacted third molars. Nine milliliters of whole blood was transferred to I-PRF tubes and centrifuged at 700â¯rpm for 3â¯minutes. A BA solution was prepared by dissolving BA in a 0.1â¯g/ml stock solution. The cells were divided into four groups: control, I-PRF, BA, and BA + I-PRF. Cell viability was evaluated using flow cytometry. Mineralized calcium nodules were observed using Alizarin Red staining. The data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance and Tukey's HSD test (p<0.05). RESULTS: The highest percentage of viable cells was in the I-PRF group, and the lowest percentage of viable cells was in the BA group at all times. Larger calcium nodules were observed in the BA group compared to the other groups. CONCLUSION: The use of I-PRF with or without BA had a positive effect on cell viability. BA and I-PRF affected the formation of mineralized calcium nodules. I-PRF and BA may be used in combination because these substances minimally reduce cell viability and promote mineralized nodule formation.
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Flame-retardant finishing of textile materials is crucial for ensuring human safety and mitigating fire hazards. Though various textile fibers have inherent flame-resistant properties, cotton fiber has a higher affinity to burn. This research focused on developing non-durable FR treatments for cotton-rich polyester-cotton (T/C) blended products economically, using boron-containing compounds. Because of the high melting point use of borax on T/C fabric reduces the fabric's flammability. Boric acid was also used as an auxiliary substrate and Di-sodium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate was used for its cleaning and softening properties. Borax and boric acid create a layer of char when burned and stop the flame. We used the impregnation method for this finishing process. After the chemical finish on different types of T/C fabric, we completed different types of tests like 45 0 flame retardant, LOI, SEM, breaking strength, drapability, crease recovery, and water vapor transmission tests, and found the desired properties. It increased the flame retardancy and crease recovery properties but the slight reduction of the fabric strength was noticed in case of excessive coating. Water vapor transmission property also reduced gradually with the increase of chemical concentration. Since the chemicals are available in the local market and lower in cost than common FR chemicals, it is more economical.
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Coregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) and cancer stem cells (CSCs) is very important in carcinogenesis. miR-127-5p is known to be downregulated in breast cancer. In this study, we aimed to investigate how boric acid (BA), known for its previously unstudied anti-cancer properties, would affect the expression of miR127-5p and genes responsible for breast cancer stem cells (BC-SCs) metastasis. BC-SCs were isolated from human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) by immunomagnetic cell separation and characterized with flow cytometry and sphere formation. The viability of BC-SCs and the determination of its IC50 value in response to boric acid (BA) were assessed via the MTT assay. Boric acid exhibited dose- and time-dependent inhibition of cell viability in cells. The IC50 doses of boric acid in MCF-7 cells and BC-SCs were 45.69 mM and 41.27 mM, respectively. The impact of BA on the expression of metastatic genes and miR127-5p was elucidated through RT-qPCR analysis. While the expression of the COL1A1 (p < 0.05) and VIM (p < 0.01) was downregulated, the expression of the miR-127-5p, ZEB1 (p < 0.01), CDH1 (p < 0.05), ITGB1 (p < 0.05), ITGA5 (p < 0.05), LAMA5 (p < 0.01), and SNAIL (p < 0.05), was up-regulated in dose-treated BC-SCs (p < 0.001) to the RT-qPCR results. Our findings suggest that boric acid could induce miR-127-5p expression. However, it cannot be said that it improves the metastasis properties of breast cancer stem cells.
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Glycoproteins are difficult to be detected by imprinting strategy due to their low natural abundance, high flexible conformation and large size. Herein, a high-density boric acid modified metal-organic framework (MOF) surface molecularly imprinted polymer (SMIP) resonant light scattering sensor was constructed for the high-sensitivity detection of target glycoproteins. A MOF with large specific surface area was selected as the substrate material to support the boric acid group with high loading density (4.66 %). The introduction of the boric acid group in the SMIP provided a high-affinity binding site for the recognition and binding of glycoproteins. Shallow surface cavities with rapid mass transfer (equilibrium time 20 min) were thus formed by surface imprinting. Furthermore, high sensitivity (limit of detection 15 pM) was achieved at physiological pH (7.4), which was conducive to the detection of glycoproteins with low natural abundance in complex biological samples and maintaining physiological activity.
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Boric acid, H3BO3, is a molecular solid made up of layers held together by weak van der Waals forces. It can be considered a pseudo "2D" material, like graphite, compared to graphene. The key distinction is that within each individual layer, the molecular units are connected not only by strong covalent bonds but also by hydrogen bonds. Therefore, classic liquid exfoliation is not suitable for this material, and a specific method needs to be developed. Preliminary results of exfoliation of boric acid particles by combination of ultrasound and the use of surfactants are presented. Ultrasound provides the system with the energy needed for the process, and the surfactant can act to keep the crystalline flakes apart. A system consisting of a saturated solution and large excess solid residue of boric acid was treated in this way for a few hours at 40 °C in the presence of various sodium stearate, proving to be very promising, and an incipient exfoliation was achieved.
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Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has emerged as a highly promising strategy for non-antibiotic treatment of infections due to its unique advantages in efficient bactericidal action and reduction of drug resistance. The natural photosensitizing properties of curcumin (Cur) are widely acknowledged; however, its limited bioavailability has impeded its practical application. In this study, we developed a nanomaterial called Cur@ZIF-8@BA by encapsulating Cur within ZIF-8 and modifying the surface with boric acid (BA). The Cur@ZIF-8@BA exhibits pH-responsive properties and enhances bacterial binding, thereby effectively promoting photodynamic therapy. Moreover, its antibacterial activity against E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus and A. baumannii is significantly increased in the presence of light compared to a dark environment. The mechanism behind this may be that BA increases the affinity of Cur@ZIF-8@BA towards bacteria, and making released Zn2+ and BA from the nanomaterial increase bacterial cell membrane permeability. This facilitates efficient delivery of Cur into bacterial cells, resulting in generation of abundant reactive oxygen species (ROS) and subsequent bactericidal activity. In conclusion, our prepared Cur@ZIF-8@BA holds great promise as a photodynamically mediated antimicrobial strategy.
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Transferrin (TRF), recognized as a glycoprotein clinical biomarker and therapeutic target, has its concentration applicable for disease diagnosis and treatment monitoring. Consequently, this study developed boronic acid affinity magnetic surface molecularly imprinted polymers (B-MMIPs) with pH-responsitivity as the "capture probe" for TRF, which have high affinity similar to antibodies, with a dissociation constant of (3.82 ± 0.24) × 10-8 M, showing 7 times of reusability. The self-copolymerized imprinted layer synthesized with dopamine (DA) and 3-Aminophenylboronic acid (APBA) as double monomers avoided nonspecific binding sites and produced excellent adsorption properties. Taking the gold nanostar (AuNS) with a branch tip "hot spot" structure as the core, the silver-coated AuNS functionalized with the biorecognition element 4-mercaptophenylboronic acid (MPBA) was employed as a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) nanotag (AuNS@Ag-MPBA) to label TRF, thereby constructing a double boronic acid affinity "sandwich" SERS biosensor (B-MMIPs-TRF-SERS nanotag) for the highly sensitive detection of TRF. The SERS biosensor exhibited a detection limit for TRF of 0.004 ng/mL, and its application to spiked serum samples confirmed its reliability and feasibility, demonstrating significant potential for clinical TRF detection. Moreover, the SERS biosensor designed in this study offers advantages in stability, detection speed (40 min), and cost efficiency. The portable Raman instrument for SERS detection fulfills the requirements for point-of-care testing.
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Techniques de biocapteur , Acides boroniques , Or , Analyse spectrale Raman , Acides boroniques/composition chimique , Techniques de biocapteur/méthodes , Or/composition chimique , Humains , Analyse spectrale Raman/méthodes , Argent/composition chimique , Nanoparticules métalliques/composition chimique , Limite de détection , Transferrine/analyse , Transferrine/composition chimique , Empreinte moléculaire , Polymères à empreintes moléculaires/composition chimique , Glycoprotéines/sang , Glycoprotéines/composition chimique , Matériaux biomimétiques/composition chimique , Dopamine/sang , Dopamine/analyse , ThiolsRÉSUMÉ
The sensitivity and accuracy of fluorescence probes for biological samples are affected by not only interfering molecule compounds but also the nonspecific adsorption of proteins and other macromolecules. Herein, fluorescence probe based on zwitterionic sulfobetaine methacrylate polymer (PSBMA) as an antibiofouling layer and amino boric acid carbon dots encapsulated in the metal-organic framework UiO-66-NH2 (UiO-66-NH2/BN-CDs) as a target recognition site was designed for the detection of baicalin (BAI). Owing to the introduction of BN-CDs into UiO-66-NH2 with high specific surface area, the prepared UiO-66-NH2/BN-CDs@PSBMA probe exhibited a high adsorption capacity of 78.9 mg g-1, while presented fluorescence enhancing and superior fluorescence selectivity to BAI at excitation and emission wavelengths of 400 and 425 nm, respectively. Connecting PSBMA with good hydrophilicity to UiO-66-NH2, resulted in an anti-protein capacity of over 96.3 %, effectively inhibiting protein interference with the fluorescence signal. By virtue of its good antibiofouling and recognizing capacities, the fluorescence probe exhibited a satisfactory detection range of 10-80 nmol L-1, with a fairly low detection limit of 0.0064 µmol L-1. Using the method to detect BAI in Goji berry, Sophora and Yinhuang oral solution, demonstrating its potential for the accurate and quantitative detection of BAI in complex biological samples.
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Acides boroniques , Carbone , Flavonoïdes , Colorants fluorescents , Réseaux organométalliques , Boîtes quantiques , Colorants fluorescents/composition chimique , Réseaux organométalliques/composition chimique , Acides boroniques/composition chimique , Carbone/composition chimique , Flavonoïdes/composition chimique , Flavonoïdes/analyse , Boîtes quantiques/composition chimique , Encrassement biologique/prévention et contrôle , Polymères/composition chimique , Spectrométrie de fluorescence/méthodes , Limite de détection , Méthacrylates/composition chimique , Adsorption , Bétaïne/composition chimique , Bétaïne/analogues et dérivés , Acides phtaliquesRÉSUMÉ
INTRODUCTION: The accuracy of urine culture results can be affected by pre-analytical factors such as transport delays and storage conditions. The objectives of this study were to analyze urine collection practices and assess the impact of introducing boric acid tubes for urine collection on quantitative urinary bacterial cultures of hospitalized patients in medical wards. METHODS: A quasi-experimental pre-post study conducted in an acute care facility. In the pre-intervention phase (2020-2021), urine samples were transported without preservatives at room temperature. In 2022 (post-intervention), we transitioned to boric acid transport tubes, evaluating its effect on significant bacterial growth (≥ 105 CFU/ml). Bivariate and multivariate analyses identified predictors of culture positivity. RESULTS: Throughout the duration of the study, a total of 12,660 urine cultures were analyzed. Date and time documentation was complete for 38.3% of specimens. Culture positivity was higher with longer processing times: positivity was 21.3% (220/1034) when specimens were processed within 4 h, 28.4% (955/3364) when processed in 4-24 h, and 32.9% (137/417) when processed after 24 h (p < 0.0001). For 4-24-hour processing, positivity decreased from 30.4% (704/2317) pre-intervention to 24.0% (251/1047) post-intervention (p < 0.001), with no significant changes in < 4 or ≥ 24-hour specimens. Stratified analysis by processing time revealed that the intervention was associated with reduced positivity only in cultures processed within 4-24 h (OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.67-0.94; p = 0.008). CONCLUSION: The introduction of boric acid transport tubes predominantly influenced cultures transported within a 4-24-hour window. This presents an opportunity to improve urine tract infection diagnostic practices in healthcare settings.
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Bactéries , Acides boriques , Infections urinaires , Humains , Acides boriques/pharmacologie , Bactéries/isolement et purification , Bactéries/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Bactéries/croissance et développement , Infections urinaires/microbiologie , Infections urinaires/diagnostic , Manipulation d'échantillons/méthodes , Hospitalisation , Mâle , Facteurs temps , Femelle , Prélèvement d'échantillon d'urine/méthodes , Urine/microbiologie , Examen des urines/méthodesRÉSUMÉ
The experiment aimed to investigate the effects of plant polysaccharides combined with boric acid on digestive function, immune function and harmful gas and heavy metal contents in the faeces of fatteners. For this study, 90 healthy crossbred fatteners were selected and randomly divided into five groups: the control group was fed with a basal diet (Con); experimental group I was fed with basal diet + 40 mg/kg boric acid (BA); experimental group II was fed with basal diet + 40 mg/kg boric acid + 400 mg/kg Astragalus polysaccharides (BA+APS); experimental group III was fed with basal diet + 40 mg/kg boric acid + 200 mg/kg Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (BA+GLP); and experimental group IV was fed with basal diet + 40 mg/kg boric acid + 500 mg/kg Echinacea polysaccharides (BA+EPS). Compared with Con, the average daily gain (ADG), the trypsin activities in the duodenum and jejunum, the IL-2 levels in the spleen, the T-AOC activities and GSH-Px contents in the lymph node of fattening were increased in the BA group (p < 0.05), but malondialdehyde content in the lymph and spleen, and the contents of NH3, H2S, Hg, Cu, Fe and Zn in the feces and urine were decreased (p < 0.05). Compared with the BA, the ADG, gain-to-feed ratio (G/F), the trypsin and maltase activities in the duodenum and jejunum were increased in the BA+APS (p < 0.05), and the T-SOD activities in the spleen and T-AOC activities in the lymph node were also increased (p < 0.05), but the H2S level was decreased in the feces and urine (p < 0.05). Compared with the BA, the ADG, G/F and the trypsin and maltase activities in the duodenum were increased in the BA+GLP and BA+EPS (p < 0.05), the activities of maltase and lipase in the duodenum of fatteners in the BA+GLP and the activities of trypsin, maltase and lipase in the BA+EPS were increased (p < 0.05). Gathering everything together, our findings reveal that the combined addition of boric acid and plant polysaccharides in the diet of fatteners synergistically improved their growth performance and immune status. That may be achieved by regulating the activity of intestinal digestive enzymes, improving the antioxidant function and then promoting the digestion and absorption of nutrients. Furthermore, the above results reduce the emission of harmful gases and heavy metals in feces and urine.
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Insufficient disinfection of fresh-cut spinach poses significant health risks, along with potential issues like odor, color changes, and softening during short-term storage. To address these challenges, boric acid solutions were explored as an alternative to chlorine washes, which are known to produce toxic compounds. Among various concentrations, 1 % boric acid exhibited the most effective microbial inactivation, leading to substantial reductions in total mesophilic aerobic bacteria, total yeast and mold, and Enterobacteriaceae counts, with reductions of 1.64, 1.38, and 1.77 logs, respectively. Additionally, washing spinach leaves with this solution for 1 min maintained quality parameters, with enhanced antioxidant activity (55.26 mg kg-1 Trolox equivalent), increased total phenolic content (1214.06 mg kg-1 gallic acid equivalent), retention of chlorophyll a (839.16 mg kg-1), chlorophyll b (539.61 mg kg-1) and ascorbic acid content (264.72 mg kg-1). Mechanical properties such as puncture strength (1.81 N) and puncture distance (52.78 mm) also showed favorable outcomes, alongside optimal moisture content at 89.81 %. Notably, residual boric acid content was lowest in spinach leaves (1252.49 mg kg-1) and highest in the wash water (53.88 mg kg-1) after treatment. Scanning electron microscopy images demonstrated maintained tissue integrity, while Hunter Lab readings indicated minimal color changes post-washing. Additionally, sensory evaluations and various physicochemical analyses further supported the efficacy of boric acid washing. Consequently, washing spinach leaves with a 1 % boric acid solution for 1 min yielded favorable results across multiple quality parameters. These findings suggest the potential of boric acid as a safe and effective alternative disinfectant in the fresh-cut produce industry, highlighting its practical implications for food safety and quality. Future research should focus on exploring long-term effects and optimizing washing protocols for broader applications.
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Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) with a starting weight of 397.28 ± 3.21 g were fed different ratios (G1-0.00%, G2-0.010%, G3-0.025%, and G4-0.050%) of boric acid-supplemented feed for 140 days. The effects of dietary boric acid on oxidative stress parameters, growth performance, haematology and some biochemical parameters were investigated after the feeding period. The addition of boric acid to trout feed positively affected growth performance; the final weights of the groups were 928.15 ± 5.73 g, 955.87 ± 8.67 g, 994.24994,75 ± 7.46 g, and 976.80976,80 ± 6.26 g for the control group and the three experimental groups, respectively. The lowest feed conversation ratio (FCR) was 1.19 (G3) whereas the highest was 1.42 (G1). The lowest protein efficiency ratio was 1.63 (G1), while the highest was 1.95 (G3). In this study, it was observed that boric acid added to the feed changed muscle and blood oxidative stress parameters in rainbow trout, increased the growth performance of rainbow trout, and affected blood and biochemistry values.
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For successful root canal treatment, adequate chemomechanical instrumentation to eliminate microorganisms and pulp tissue is crucial. This study aims to assess the organic tissue dissolving activity of various irrigation solutions on bovine tooth pulp tissue. 40 extracted bovine mandibular anterior teeth (n = 10) were used for the study. Bovine pulp pieces (25 ± 5 mg) were placed in 1.5 ml Eppendorf tubes. Each tooth pulp sample was then covered with 1.5 ml of different irrigation solutions, dividing them into four groups: Group 1 with freshly prepared 5% Boric acid, Group 2 with 5% NaOCl, Group 3 with Irritrol, and Group 4 with Saline. Samples were left at room temperature for 30 min, then dried and reweighed. The efficacy of tissue dissolution ranked from highest to lowest was found to be NaOCl, Boric Acid, Irritrol, and saline (p < 0.05). It was observed that the decrease in the NaOCl group was greater than the decrease in the Irritrol and saline groups, and the decrease in the Boric acid group was significantly greater than the decrease in the saline group (p < 0.05). It also emphasizes the need for future studies to further investigate the effects of Irritrol and Boric Acid on tissue dissolution.
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Acides boriques , Liquides d'irrigation endocanalaire , Animaux , Bovins , Acides boriques/pharmacologie , Liquides d'irrigation endocanalaire/pharmacologie , Pulpe dentaire/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Hypochlorite de sodium/pharmacologie , Irrigation thérapeutique/méthodesRÉSUMÉ
Chemical oxo-precipitation (COP) is an enhanced precipitation method for boron removal with the conversion of boric acid to perborate anions. When using barium-based precipitant, the boron can be effectively precipitated as barium perborates (BaPBs). The phase transformation of BaPBs from amorphous (A-BaPB, Ba(B(OH)3OOH)2) to crystalline (C-BaPB, BaB2(OO)2(OH)4) form is crucial for effective boron removal. However, scaling up this phase transformation of BaPBs is hindered by poor diffusion. This study aims to promote the growth of C-BaPB through seed-induced crystal growth, eliminating the need for phase transformation. By examining the relationship between crystal growth rate and supersaturation, surface spiral growth was identified as the rate-limiting step of the growth of micron-sized seeds near pHpzc. To enable continuous crystal growth, granular seeds of C-BaPB were prepared and employed as the medium for fluidized-bed crystallization (FBC). The system reached steady state 3 hydraulic retention times, achieving 90% boron removal. The effect of surface loading, ionic strength, and dosages on steady-state crystal growth rate was studied, revealing a shift of the rate-limiting step in FBC to diffusion. Lastly, the system that constituted of two FBCs in-series for sequential crystallization of A-BaPB and C-BaPB was demonstrated. The integrated system provided 97.8% of boron removal from synthetic wastewater containing 500 mg-B/L, with 92.3% of boron crystallized on the granular seeds of BaPBs.
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Baryum , Bore , Cristallisation , Bore/composition chimique , Baryum/composition chimique , Borates/composition chimique , Précipitation chimique , Polluants chimiques de l'eau/composition chimiqueRÉSUMÉ
Vascular calcification can be triggered by oxidative stress and inflammation. Although boron possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, its effect on osteogenic differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) has yet to be examined. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effect of boric acid (BA), the main form of boron in body fluids, on the osteogenic differentiation of VSMCs. Following the isolation of VSMCs, the effects of BA on cell proliferation were determined by MTT. The impact of various BA concentrations on the osteogenic differentiation of VSMCs was evaluated by Alizarin red S and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) stainings and the o-cresolphthalein complexone method. In addition, mRNA expressions of osteogenic-related (Runx2 and ALP) and antioxidant system-related genes (Nrf2 and Nqo1) were detected using qRT-PCR analysis. BA treatments did not alter the proliferation of VSMCs. Osteogenic differentiation of VSMCs treated with 100 and 500 µM BA (moderate and high plasma concentrations) was no different from untreated cells. However, increased osteogenic differentiation was observed with the lowest blood level (2 µM) and extremely high BA concentration (1000 µM). Consistent with these results, mRNA expression of Runx2 increased with 2 and 1000 µM BA treatments, while Nrf2 and Nqo1 expressions increased significantly with 100 and 500 µM BA. BA has different effects on VSMCs at various concentrations. The low blood level and too high BA concentration appear detrimental as they increase the osteogenic differentiation of VSMCs in vitro. We propose to investigate BA's effects and mechanism of action on vascular calcification in vivo.
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The present study evaluates the protective properties of boric acid (BA) against the toxic effects induced by ochratoxin A (OTA) in human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293). The focus is on various parameters such as cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. OTA is a known mycotoxin that has harmful effects on the liver, kidneys, brain, and nervous system. BA, on the other hand, a boron-based compound, is known for its potential as a vital micronutrient with important cellular functions. The results show that BA administration not only increases cell viability but also mitigates the cytotoxic effects of OTA. This is evidenced by a reduction in the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), indicating less damage to cell membranes. In addition, BA shows efficacy in reducing genotoxic effects, as the frequency of micronucleus (MN) and chromosomal aberrations (CA) decreases significantly, suggesting a protective role against DNA damage. In addition, the study shows that treatment with BA leads to a decrease in oxidative stress markers, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic intervention against the deleterious effects of OTA. These results emphasize the need for further research into the protective mechanisms of boron, particularly BA, in combating cell damage caused by OTA.
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Many citrus species and cultivars are grown successfully in tropical and subtropical countries, as well as in arid and semi-arid regions with low levels of organic matter and low cation exchange, resulting in lower nutrient uptake by the plant. The essential nutrients needed for citrus flowering and fruit set are limited in winter due to a reduction in transpiration rate, negatively effecting vegetative growth, flowering, yield, and fruit quality. The present investigation was carried out to assess the nutritional status, fruit yield parameters, and fruit quality of Valencia orange trees after foliar spraying of seaweed extract (SW) combined with calcium chloride and boric acid and their combinations in the 2020/2021 and 2021/2022 seasons. The treatments were arranged in a split-plot design (three levels spraying seaweed extract × four levels spraying calcium chloride and boric acid and their combinations × four replicates × one tree/replicate). The results indicated that all of the characteristics measured, including leaf chlorophyll, leaf mineral contents, fruit yield parameters, fruit physical properties, and fruit chemical properties, were significantly affected by the foliar spraying of seaweed extract (SW) combined with calcium chloride and boric acid and their combinations. Although all treatments increased the productivity and the physical and chemical properties of Valencia orange fruits compared to the control, a treatment of 10 g/L SW combined with 0.5 g/L boric acid and 1 g/L calcium chloride produced superior results. This ratio of SW, boric acid, and calcium chloride is therefore recommended to enhance productivity and improve the physico-chemical properties of Valencia orange for greater fruit yield.
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Acides boriques , Chlorure de calcium , Citrus sinensis , Fruit , Algue marine , Acides boriques/pharmacologie , Citrus sinensis/composition chimique , Fruit/composition chimique , Fruit/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Algue marine/composition chimique , Algue marine/métabolisme , Chlorure de calcium/pharmacologie , Feuilles de plante/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Feuilles de plante/composition chimique , Extraits de plantes/pharmacologie , Extraits de plantes/composition chimique , Chlorophylle/métabolismeRÉSUMÉ
Acute lung injury (ALI) poses a significant medical challenge due to its widespread occurrence and high mortality rates. Despite extensive efforts, current clinical interventions for ALI have shown limited success. Inflammation plays a central role within ALI progress, and boric acid (BA) has demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties both in vitro and in vivo. However, its potential to mitigate lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI remains an area awaiting exploration in research. To bridge this research gap, we created a mouse model of ALI induced by intraperitoneal LPS injection. We employed a comprehensive set of evaluation criteria, including H&E staining, wet/dry ratio measurement, malondialdehyde (MDA)/superoxide dismutase (SOD) the oxidative stress-related biomarkers, assessment of alveolar edema, hemorrhage, inflammatory cell infiltration, and examination of thickened alveolar septum to quantify lung injury. Additionally, we measured inflammatory cytokine levels using ELISA and assessed Nrf2 and HO-1 expressions through western blotting and quantitative real-time PCR (RT-PCR). ER stress-related markers (GRP78, CHOP) were analyzed through western blot analysis. Our findings revealed that prophylactic treatment with BA effectively attenuated LPS-induced ALI, as supported by improved pathological alterations, decreased total protein concentration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and reduced pulmonary edema. Furthermore, BA exhibited anti-inflammatory properties by suppressing inflammatory cytokines within the lung tissue. BA ingestion caused upregulation in SOD and a decrease in MDA contents in lung tissue homogenates. BA downregulated the levels of GRP78 and CHOP compared to the LPS group. Remarkably, BA also upregulated transcription and protein expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 compared to the LPS group. In conclusion, our study highlights BA's potential as a novel promising prophylactic agent for LPS-induced ALI, offering avenue for improving clinical management of this condition.