Breast lesions with atypia in percutaneous biopsies, managed with surgery in the last 10 years.

INTRODUCTION: The optimal management of breast lesions with atypia (BLA), detected in percutaneous biopsies after screening mammograms, is a controversial issue. The aim of this paper is to compare histological diagnosis by percutaneous biopsy with the results of the surgical biopsy of these lesions and to analyse the changes to clinical approach this would imply. METHOD: A retrospective study was carried out on patients operated on between June 2007 and June 2017 with a diagnosis of BLA. One hundred and forty-seven patients were identified with a pre-operative diagnosis of flat epithelial atypia (FEA), atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH), atypical lobular hyperplasia, lobular carcinoma in situ and other atypia. RESULTS: The average age at diagnosis of BLAs was 52 ± 9.4 years. Radiologically, the lesions presented as microcalcifications in 79%, nodules in 15.6% and other lesions 5.4%. 73.5% of these were biopsied by means of digital stereotaxis. All of the patients analysed underwent a partial mastectomy. Changes in a biologically high-risk lesion were observed in 26.5% of the surgical specimens, of which 75.5% corresponded with ADH and FEA. In the percutaneous biopsies consistent with ADH (40.1%), ductal carcinoma was discovered in 6.8% (5.1% in situ and 1.7% invasive), which implied specific, multi-disciplinary management. Of the FEAs, 84.8% required a second treatment (surgery and/or hormone therapy ± radiotherapy, depending on whether it concerned FEA 59.6%, ADH 21.2% or ductal carcinoma in situ 3.8%). CONCLUSION: These data show the clinical relevance in the diagnosis of ADH and FEA in percutaneous biopsies. For the diagnosis of FEA in particular, the associated risk of biologically high-risk lesions and ductal carcinoma is made evident.

Hiperplasia ductal atípica en paciente portador de ginecomastia: caso clínico / Atypical ductal hyperplasia in a male patient with gynecomastia: case report

Atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) is characterized by a proliferation of uniform epithelial cells with monomorphic round nuclei filling part but not all of the involved duct. It is a known risk factor for breast cancer. We report a 16 years old male presenting with gynecomastia, which was surgically excised. The pathological study of the surgical piece revealed an ADH without evidence of infiltrating carcinoma. After 19 months of follow up, the patient is in good conditions.

Reportamos el caso de un paciente intervenido por una ginecomastia idiopática que presentó como hallazgo histológico una zona de la mama con hiperplasia ductal atípica. Se presentan sus características clinicas, y las imágenes histológicas con detalles de la pieza quirúrgica. Se revisa el tema y llama la atención la escasa ocurrencia de estos hallazgos, no habiendo en la literatura nacional casos similares publicados.