Conocimiento en estudiantes de enfermería sobre desinfección terminal del área quirúrgica / Knowledge in nursing students about terminal disinfection of the surgical area

Determinar el nivel de conocimiento de los estudiantes de enfermería de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato sobre la desinfección terminal del área quirúrgica. Metodología: Esta investigación es cuantitativa, con enfoque descriptivo de cohorte transversal ya que el nivel de conocimiento se ha representado mediante tablas y gráficos para describir la problemática del periodo octubre 2023-febrero 2024. Resultados: Se evidencia el alto porcentaje de respuestas incorrectas por cada ítem por parte de los estudiantes. La categoría desinfección fue respondida de manera incorrecta con un porcentaje del 26%, la categoría proceso de desinfección con el 55,6%, la categoría aplicación del DAN con el 45.8%, la categoría desinfectante del DAN con el 36,2% y, por último, la categoría riesgo y prevención del DAN con el 29,2%. Conclusiones: El nivel de conocimiento de los estudiantes sobre desinfección es bajo, porque no están lo suficientemente motivados o interesados en el tema de desinfección[AU]

Determine the level of knowledge of nursing students at the Technical University of Ambato about terminal disinfection of the surgical area.Methodology:This research is quantitative, with a descriptive cross-sectional cohort approach and the level of knowledge has been represented through tables and graphs to describe the problems of the period October 2023-February 2024.Results:A high percentage of incorrect answers for each item by the students is evident. The disinfection category was answered incorrectly with a percentage of 26%, the disinfection process category with 55.6%, the DAN application category with 45.8%, the disinfectant category with 36.2% and, finally, the DAN risk and prevention category. with 29.2%. Conclusions:The level of knowledge of students about disinfection is low, because they are not sufficiently motivated or interested in the topic of disinfection[AU]

Determinar o nível de conhecimento dos estudantes de enfermagem da Universidade Técnica de Ambato sobre desinfecção terminal da área cirúrgica. Metodologia:Esta pesquisa é quantitativa, com abordagem descritiva de coorte transversal e o nível de conhecimento foi representado por meio de tabelas e gráficos para descrever os problemas do período outubro de 2023 a fevereiro de 2024.Resultados: Evidencia-se um alto percentual de respostas incorretas para cada item por parte dos alunos. A categoria desinfecção foi respondida incorretamente com um percentual de 26%, a categoria processo de desinfecção com 55,6%, a categoria aplicação DAN com 45,8%, a categoria desinfetante com 36,2% e, por último, a categoria risco e prevenção DAN. com 29,2%.Conclusões:O nível de conhecimento dos alunos sobre desinfecção é baixo, porque não estão suficientemente motivados ou interessados no tema da desinfecção[AU]

Conocimiento en estudiantes de enfermería sobre sepsis quirúrgico / Knowledge in nursing students about surgical sepsis

Objetivo: Determinar el nivel de conocimiento de los estudiantes de enfermería de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato sobre sepsis quirúrgica. Material y método: La presente investigación tiene un diseño de desarrollo observacional, de tipo descriptivo, cohorte transversal, con un enfoque cuantitativo, ya que el nivel de cono-cimiento se verá representado mediante tablas y gráficos para des-cribir la problemática del periodo octubre 2023 febrero 2024. Re-sultados: Se evidencia un alto porcentaje de respuestas incorrectas por cada ítem por parte de los estudiantes. La categoría Nivel de Conocimiento sobre Definición de Sepsis, fue respondida de ma-nera incorrecta con un porcentaje del 83,9%, la categoría Nivel de Conocimiento sobre Diagnóstico de Sepsis obtuvo 51,7% y, por úl-timo, la Nivel de Conocimiento sobre Tratamiento de Sepsis con el 29,2%. Conclusiones: El nivel de conocimiento de los estudiantes sobre Sepsis Quirúrgica es malo, debido a que existe una subesti-mación de la gravedad de la sepsis como afección potencialmente mortal, lo que puede traer un impacto negativo en los pacientes[AU]

Objective: Determine the level of knowledge of nursing students at the Technical University of Ambato about surgical sepsis. Mate-rials and methods: This research has an observational, descriptive, transversal development design, with a quantitative approach since the level of knowledge will be represented through tables and gra-phs to describe the problems of the period October 2023-February 2024. Results: A high percentage of incorrect answers for each item by the students is evident. The category Level of Knowledge about Definition of Sepsis was answered incorrectly with a percentage of 83.9%, the category Level of Knowledge about Diagnosis of Sepsis obtained 51.7% and, finally, the category Level of Knowledge about Treatment of Sepsis. Sepsis with 29.2%. Conclusions: The level of knowledge of students about Surgical Sepsis is poor because there is an underestimation of the severity of sepsis as a potentially fatal condition, which can have a negative impact on patients[AU]

Objetivo: Determinar o nível de conhecimento dos estudantes de enfermagem da Universidade Técnica de Ambato sobre sepse ci-rúrgica. Material e método: Esta pesquisa possui desenho de coor-te observacional, descritivo, transversal, com abordagem quantita-tiva, uma vez que o nível de conhecimento será representado por meio de tabelas e gráficos para descrever o problema no período de outubro de 2023 a fevereiro de 2024. Resultados: Uma parada. É evidente o percentual de respostas incorretas para cada item por parte dos alunos. A categoria Nível de Conhecimento sobre Defi-nição de Sepse foi respondida incorretamente com percentual de 83,9%, a categoria Nível de Conhecimento sobre Diagnóstico de Sepse obteve 51,7% e por fim, a categoria Nível de Conhecimen-to sobre Tratamento de Sepse com 29,2%. Conclusões: O nível de conhecimento dos estudantes sobre a Sepse Cirúrgica é baixo, pois há uma subestimação da gravidade da sepse como uma condição potencialmente fatal, que pode ter um impacto negativo nos pa-cientes[AU]

Literacia em saúde da pessoa internada em serviço de cirurgia oncológica / Health literacy of patients admitted to a surgical oncology unit / Alfabetización en salud de las personas ingresadas en un servicio de cirugía oncológica

Resumo Enquadramento: A literacia em saúde (LS) é a capacidade da pessoa obter e traduzir informações a fim de manter e melhorar a saúde. Objetivo: Caracterizar o nível de LS da pessoa internada num hospital oncológico; avaliar a fiabilidade do instrumento European Health Literacy Survey in Portuguese (HLS-EU-PT). Metodologia: Estudo transversal, quantitativo, descritivo e metodológico. Amostra de 188 pessoas internados num serviço de cirurgia oncológica entre maio e setembro de 2020, os dados foram colhidos através de formulário de caracterização sociodemográfica, de saúde e instrumento de avaliação da LS. Resultados: O HLS-EU-PT apresentou elevado nível de consistência interna. Todos os domínios e níveis de processamento do instrumento se correlacionam positivamente entre si. Os participantes apresentam em média um nível problemático de LS. Conclusão: Os resultados indiciam a necessidade de um maior investimento na capacitação da LS. São necessários mais estudos nesta e noutras populações e contextos de prestação de cuidados de saúde, de forma a direcionar a prática de cuidados na resposta eficaz aos problemas de saúde.

Abstract Background: Health literacy (HL) is the ability of an individual to obtain and translate information in order to maintain and improve their health. Objective: To characterize the level of HL of patients admitted to an oncology hospital and assess the reliability of the Portuguese version of the European Health Literacy Survey (HLS-EU-PT). Methodology: Cross-sectional, quantitative, descriptive, and methodological study. Sample of 188 patients admitted to a surgical oncology unit between May and September 2020. Data were collected through a sociodemographic and health characterization form and a HL assessment tool. Results: The HLS-EU-PT had a high level of internal consistency. All domains and information-processing levels correlated positively with each other. Participants had on average a problematic level of HL. Conclusion: The results indicate the need for greater investment in HL training. Further studies are needed in this population and in other populations and healthcare settings to provide an effective response to health problems.

Resumen Marco contextual: La alfabetización en salud (AS) es la capacidad de una persona para obtener y traducir información con el fin de mantener y mejorar su salud. Objetivo: Caracterizar el nivel de AS de las personas ingresadas en un hospital oncológico; evaluar la fiabilidad del instrumento European Health Literacy Survey in Portuguese (HLS-EU-PT). Metodología: Estudio transversal, cuantitativo, descriptivo y metodológico. Muestra de 188 personas ingresadas en un servicio de cirugía oncológica entre mayo y septiembre de 2020, se recogieron datos mediante un formulario de caracterización sociodemográfica y de salud, y una herramienta de evaluación de AS. Resultados: El HLS-EU-PT mostró un alto nivel de consistencia interna. Todos los dominios y niveles de procesamiento del instrumento correlacionaron positivamente entre sí. Por término medio, los participantes tienen un nivel problemático de AS. Conclusión: Los resultados indican la necesidad de una mayor inversión en formación en AS. Son necesarios más estudios en esta y otras poblaciones, y en entornos sanitarios para orientar la práctica asistencial hacia una respuesta eficaz a los problemas de salud.

The association between self-knowledge from Islamic perspective and mental health among Iranian female students.

This study aimed to relate self-knowledge to mental health (from Islamic perspective), and compare it among the female students. Using the Morgan table, we selected 379 students from four universities, namely alzahra University, a single-sex university, the University of Tehran, Shahid Beheshti University, and Kharazmi University. The samples were selected randomly by applying a stratified sampling method. We utilized two instruments: Islamic self-knowledge and general mental health questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed using Pearson Correlation Coefficient, independent samples t-test, and linear regression analysis using SPSS version 25. The results showed that there were significant association between self-knowledge and mental health. However, there were no significant differences between the female students of humanities and sciences, whether from the point of self-knowledge or mental health. The results also showed no significant differences between the students of alzahra University and the female students of the other three universities in self-knowledge and mental health. In each case, the results are compared to Islamic viewpoints (Quran, Hadith, and Quotations from various Islamic thinkers) as well as the psychological viewpoints of Maslow and Rogers. Our findings underline the importance of enhancing self-knowledge among female university students as a protective factor against mental health outcomes (substance abuse, depression, and anxiety) Moreover, Faith based strategies are known to be effective, more accessible than mental health professional services and will carry less stigma in the target community.

Midwakh smoking as an emerging risky behavior: insight from Qatar 2022.

BACKGROUND: Alternative tobacco products like midwakh are gaining popularity as potential substitutes for traditional cigarettes despite a misconception among smokers that they may be less harmful. OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence, knowledge, beliefs, and predictors of midwakh smoking among adult smokers in Qatar during 2022. METHOD: An analytic cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2022 to July 2022. A simple random sample (N = 1036) was employed to include participants from the list of adults 18 years and above obtained from Qatar's National Health Information System who were invited to participate in a telephone survey. RESULTS: Among the 806 participants (response rate 77.8%), 9.3% were current midwakh smokers, and 5.2% had ever smoked midwakh. The majority were male (97.2%), non-Qatari (70.9%), and aged over 24 years. Additionally, 66.7% of midwakh smokers reported having at least one family member or friend who smoked any tobacco product. Reasons for midwakh use included enjoyment, experimentation, cessation of other tobacco products, affordability, and lack of odor. Moreover, 70.9% believed midwakh smoking could lead to addiction, while 66.7% perceived it as more dangerous than other tobacco products, potentially causing severe health conditions like lung cancer. Multivariable logistic regression indicated a significant association between midwakh use and nationality, with Qataris being 0.21 times less likely to smoke midwakh than non-Qataris (adjusted odds ratio of 0.214, 95% confidence interval: 1.58-4.225, p value of 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Midwakh smoking poses health risks comparable to other tobacco products, with peer influence being significant. Urgent action is needed to heighten awareness and allocate resources for effective intervention.

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis Regarding Osteoporosis and Its Prevention: A Cross-Sectional Study in China.

Background: Older age and female sex are risk factors for osteoarthritis and osteoporosis (OP). This study evaluated the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) in China regarding OP and its prevention. This cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study enrolled patients with KOA at four grade-A tertiary hospitals in Shandong Province between 1st September and 20th November 2022. Methods: The administered questionnaire contained 55 items across four dimensions (demographic information, knowledge, attitude, and practice). Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with an overall questionnaire score ≥70% of the maximum possible score. SPSS 26.0 was used for the analyses; P<0.05 was considered significant. Results: The analysis included 434 participants (261 females). The median knowledge, attitude, and practice scores were 7 (interquartile range: 5-10) (possible range, 0-17 points), 44 (interquartile range: 42-49) (possible range, 11-55 points), and 43 (interquartile range: 38-47) (possible range, 13-65 points), respectively. Multivariable logistic regression indicated that female sex (odds ratio [OR], 2.421; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.558-3.762; P<0.001), age 56-65 years-old (OR, 4.222; 95% CI, 1.763-10.109; P=0.001 vs ≤55 years-old), age >65 years-old (OR, 4.358; 95% CI, 1.863-10.195; P=0.001 vs ≤55 years-old), middle/high/technical secondary school education (OR, 1.853; 95% CI, 1.002-3.428; P=0.049 vs primary school or below), and having KOA for 4-5 years (OR, 2.682; 95% CI, 1.412-5.094; P=0.003 vs ≤3 years) were independently associated with a high KAP score. Conclusion: There is room for improvement in the knowledge and practices of patients with osteoarthritis in China regarding OP. The findings of this study may facilitate the design and implementation of education programs to increase awareness about OP prevention among patients with KOA.

Stigmatizing attitudes and beliefs about obesity among dental team members.

Background: Weight stigma is prevalent within healthcare settings and is an aspect of the lived experience of people living with obesity. There is international evidence of weight stigma in the dental setting, where currently there is also evidence indicating limited training amongst dental professionals regarding obesity or obesity-related stigma. There has been Australian research and none have included dental support staff. Aims: This cross-sectional survey aimed to assess stigmatizing attitudes and beliefs of dental professionals (registered general dentists, oral health therapists) and support staff (dental assistants, dental receptionists) working in private and public regional practices in New South Wales and specialists in Special Needs Dentistry across Australia toward people living with obesity. Methods: An anonymous electronic validated survey was administered through REDCap™ to assess stigmatizing attitudes and beliefs held amongst respondents in relation to people living with obesity. Results: Fifty-three participants completed the survey (n = 33 clinicians, n = 20 support staff). The majority 47/53 (88.7%) held positive attitudes toward people living with obesity. Of the clinicians, 15/33 (45.5%) reported 1 hour or less and 14/33 (42.4%) reported two to 5 hours of obesity-related education. 14/20 (70%) of the support staff reported no prior education or training about obesity. Of responses reflecting weight stigma, only three clinicians reported negative reactions toward the appearance, or discomfort during examination, of a patient with obesity, or a perception of laziness, compared with normal weight individuals. A higher proportion 4/20 (20%) of support staff reported responses indicating negative attitudes for people with obesity compared with normal weight individuals. Conclusion: Survey responses reflected evidence of weight stigma in both dental professionals and support staff. Professional development targeting weight stigma reduction in the dental setting is needed for both clinicians and support staff.

Knowledge, Attitude, and Perception Regarding the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine Among Parents at Al-Madinah Al-Munawwar: A Cross-Sectional Study.

BACKGROUND:  Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the leading cause of cervical cancer in reproductive-age Saudi women. Parents' understanding and attitude regarding HPV vaccination in young girls are vital to preventing cervical cancer. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of parents in Al-Madinah Al-Munawwara towards the HPV vaccine and identify factors influencing their decision to vaccinate their children. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 500 parents in Al-Madinah Al-Munawwara. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on demographics, knowledge about HPV and the HPV vaccine, attitudes towards vaccination, and perceptions of vaccine safety and efficacy. Data were analyzed using Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS, version 21; IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Armonk, NY). RESULTS: Parents have 57.6% knowledge about HPV, 69.2% perceive it as dangerous, and 29.8% know its link to cervical cancer. Physicians are the primary source, and 81.2% believe the vaccine protects HPV. Key predictors of vaccine acceptance included higher educational levels, awareness of HPV-related health risks, and recommendations from healthcare professionals. CONCLUSION: The study reveals a lack of knowledge about HPV infection and vaccines among Saudi Arabian parents, with only 7.2% having vaccinated their children, emphasizing the need for education and screening programs.

Optimizing volumetric modulated arc therapy prostate planning using an automated Fine-Tuning process through dynamic adjustment of optimization parameters.

In radiotherapy treatment planning, optimization is essential for achieving the most favorable plan by adjusting optimization criteria. This study introduced an innovative approach to automatically fine-tune optimization parameters for volumetric modulated arc therapy prostate planning, ensuring all constraints were met. A knowledge-based planning model was invoked, and the fine-tuning process was applied through an in-house developed script. Among 25 prostate plans, this fine-tuning increased the number of plans meeting all constraints from 10/25 to 22/25, with a reduction in mean monitor units per gray without increasing plan's complexity. This automation improved efficiency by saving time and resources in treatment planning.

An indicator of the view of time passing: the development and validation of the metacognitive knowledge of time passing scale (MKTPS) in Chinese college students.

How we view the passage of past time determines how we face time itself as well as our futures, which has a strong impact particularly during the highly creative and malleable college years. Chinese culture cherishes time deeply, and for centuries there has been a tradition of "educating children and youth to inspect the passage of time." However, in today's age of information and intelligence, time has shown a trend toward fragmentation. How do contemporary Chinese college students view the passage of time, and what structures or content does it contain? The answer to this question remains uncertain, necessitating further exploration. Following Flavell's theory of metacognitive knowledge (MK), we adopted a semi-structured interview method and used the results to first outline the basic structure of Chinese college students' view of time passing, identifying four major aspects: priming aftereffect, life touching, positive promotion, and negative inhibition. Then, using the initial four-dimensional structure as a starting point, we developed the Metacognitive Knowledge of Time Passing Scale (MKTPS), and carried out exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis to test its fit. The results showed that the four-factor scale and its 22 items had a good fit to the data. Third, the reliability and validity of the self-developed scale were tested. The results show that the internal consistency, split-half, and retest reliability of the MKTPS are good (all rs > 0.60). The construct validity of the MKTPS is also good (r between subscales is 0.33-0.60, r between subscales and total scale is 0.64-0.87), the convergent validity with Zimbardo's negative past time perspective is high (r = 0.37), and the discriminant validity with Zimbardo's future time perspective is significant (r = 0.18). Regarding criterion correlation validity, the total scores of the MKTPS have a significantly higher positive correlation with those of the time management disposition (TMD) scale (r = 0.45). Future points for studying the view of time passing in adults of all ages and across cultures field and shortcomings of the current study are also discussed.

Knowledge, attitude and practices on intermittent preventive treatment in pregnant women with malaria: a mixed method facility-based study in Western Kenya.

Introduction: intermittent preventive treatment remains a core strategy for malaria prevention in pregnancy. Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine is recommended for all pregnant women in malaria-prone zones. It is scheduled monthly at each antenatal care visit for up to 36 weeks. Here, we sought to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices of intermittent preventive treatment among pregnant women with malaria in Webuye Hospital. Methods: a total of 140 participants aged between 18 and 49 years and at approximately 16 weeks of gestation were enrolled in this study, which utilized a mixed qualitative-quantitative method. Before enrollment, malaria testing was conducted using microscopy, and participants were divided into two cohorts: malaria-positive and malaria-negative. Close-ended and open-ended questionnaires were used. Qualitative-quantitative data analyses were performed. Results: our analysis revealed a significant difference between the proportion of mothers in the negative and positive groups in terms of their knowledge about side effects (p ≤ 0.001) and different doses (p ≤ 0.012) of intermittent preventive treatment. The proportion of mothers who knew side effects and different doses was higher among the malaria-positive group as compared to malaria-negative group with 37(52.9%, n=70) versus 18(25.7%, n=70) and 14(20.0%, n=70) versus 4(5.7%, n=70) respectively. Additionally, there was also a significant difference in knowledge about intermittent preventive treatment before administration (p ≤ 0.003) between the two groups. Conclusion: good knowledge, attitude and practices on intermittent preventive treatment (IPT) benefits, side effects, safety, doses and other prior information should be leveraged to empower pregnant women in malaria-endemic zones.

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice on Cervical Cancer Prevention among Female University Students in Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia.

Background: Cervical Cancer (CC) is the fourth most frequent malignancy worldwide among females with significant death rates. It ranks as the 8th most frequent cancer in Saudi female. CC is preventable, with likelihood of full treatment by early detection, because of its long pre-invasive period. Lack of awareness and practice on CC prevention and screening increase the risk of disease. Objective: to examine knowledge, attitude, and practice on CC prevention among Saudi female university students. Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study with a convenience sample included 594 female university students studying at health and non-health colleges of Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University in Al-Kharj City, Saudi Arabia. All female students were asked to complete an online questionnaire on knowledge, attitude, and practice on CC prevention. Results: A total of 594 respondents to the questionnaire, 88.7% of them had unsatisfactory knowledge about CC. Out of a total of 27 points, students' knowledge mean score was 9.3 ± 6.4. Conversely the majority of students (94.4%) had positive attitude toward CC; the mean attitude score was 34.52 ± 5.04 out of 45. Regarding students practice, less than 7% of students were vaccinated against HPV and only 3.7% were screened for cancer cervix. Married females, health colleges students, and high attitude score were significant predictors for the students' knowledge about cancer cervix (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Majority of the respondents displayed lack of knowledge; however, they had a positive attitude toward CC. Very alarmingly, almost all of students had inadequate practice regarding CC prevention. So, the study recommends developing and implementing educational programs and strategies for female university students to improve their knowledge and practice related to cervix cancer. Results of this study provide evidence that can help in formulating effective awareness strategies and educational programs for women that would help in CC prevention.

Knowledge attitude and practice of antibiotic use among medical students in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study.

Background and Aims: Antibiotic misuse represent a significant global health challenge, with medical students positioned as key figures in promoting responsible antibiotic usage. This study investigates the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding antibiotic use among medical students in Bangladesh, aiming to identify areas for targeted educational and policy interventions. Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted among 501 medical students across various years of study in Bangladesh, collecting data over a 3-month period. The survey assessed antibiotic knowledge, usage practices, and attitudes towards misuse, employing descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression analyses to explore associations between students' demographic characteristics and their KAP towards antibiotics. Significance was assigned at p-value < 0.05. Results: In our study involving 501 medical students from four medical colleges in Bangladesh, we achieved a 76% response rate. Among the participants, 78.24% correctly identified antibiotics' effectiveness against bacterial infections, but 45.71% were uncertain about their efficacy against viral infections. Notably, 21.20% reported self-prescribing antibiotics, predominantly sourced from physician prescriptions (54.89%). The most common reason for antibiotic use was fever (19.02%). Senior students were less likely to have good knowledge compared to junior students, and urban students demonstrated a higher likelihood of good knowledge and positive attitude towards antibiotic resistance. Conclusion: This study highlights the critical need for educational reforms and antimicrobial stewardship among medical students in Bangladesh to combat antibiotic misuse and mitigate antimicrobial resistance.

Assessment of the knowledge, attitude, and perception of the world's population towards monkeypox and its vaccines: A systematic review and descriptive analysis of cross-sectional studies.

Background: Prevention and treatment of the monkeypox virus (Mpox) remain challenging in areas where it is endemic. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to collect this information from various studies in one study to give a comprehensive view of people's opinions, fears, and behaviors about this virus. Methods: We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar for descriptive cross-sectional study designs conducted in 2022 and 2023 addressing knowledge, attitude, perception, preparedness, willingness to get vaccinated, and practices against Mpox infection. Results: Among the included studies, 16 studies assessed the level of knowledge of study participants regarding Mpox with a total of 9066 participants. Among them, 4222 (46.6 %) were reported to have good knowledge, and 4844 (53.4%) were reported to have poor knowledge about Mpox. Regarding willingness to get vaccinated against Mpox, 14 studies with a total of 10,696 participants were included. Among them, 7006 (65 %) were willing to get vaccinated while 3690 (35 %) weren't willing to be vaccinated. Conclusion: Knowledge about Mpox should be increased and awareness should be spread regarding the importance of preventive measures such as vaccination to protect the population from another COVID-19-like pandemic.

Relationship Between Original Research Experiences and Evidence-Based Practice Among Undergraduate Dental Hygiene Students.

OBJECTIVES: For the dental hygiene profession, a need exists to engage students in research experiences as undergraduate students to foster interest in research and improve the implementation of evidence-based practice. The purpose was to explore the relationships between original research experiences and evidence-based practice among undergraduate dental hygiene students. METHODS: This quantitative survey research study of undergraduate dental hygiene students in the USA was conducted in 2021. Original research experience was measured using the Wessex Research Network (WReN) spider instrument and evidence-based practice was measured using the Knowledge, Attitudes, Access and Confidence Evaluation (KACE) instrument. Invitation e-mails were sent to the directors of US entry-level dental hygiene programs to forward the survey e-mail message to students in the last semester of their dental hygiene programs. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. RESULTS: A total of 128 responses were analysed. The foundational knowledge domain of research experience was found to be a significant predictor of evidence-based practice and the mediators of evidence-based knowledge, evidence-based attitudes, evidence-based access and evidence-based confidence. CONCLUSION: Research experience was found to be a significant predictor of Evidence-Based Practice. Engaging undergraduate dental hygiene students in research opportunities may prepare students for the clinical application of evidence-based practice and original research projects.

Developing application software to quickly detect the adolescent's risky behaviour to prevent teen pregnancy.

Objective: To develop a software application for early detection of adolescent's risky behaviour, and promotion of safe reproductive health. METHODS: The multi-stage study was conducted from September 20, 2018, to April 3, 2019, at Rumbai District Pekanbaru, Riau-Indonesia. The planned software application was developed using the waterfall design model which is a sequential process. Every progress was acknowledged to be flowing downwards, like a waterfall, by going through the phases of requirements, design, implementation, verification and maintenance. The application software was pilot-tested on a group of adolescents after it was first tested for validity. The adolescents were given a questionnaire at baseline and 2 weeks after the intervention to assess the application's effectiveness. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 21. RESULTS: Validation of the tool was confirmed by Aiken's V values >0.85, with sensitivity 84.8% and specificity 75%. Of the 45 adolescents tested, majority respondens were girls 38(84,4%), early adolescent 18(40%), middle adolescent 16(35,5%) and late adolescent 11(24,4%). About 5(11.1%) were found to be positive, and 28(62.2%)were truly positive, while 3(6.7%) were found negative and 9(20%) were truly negative. There was a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test assessments (p=0.0001). Conclusion: The application proved to be effective for the early detection of risky behaviour, and for the promotion of safe reproductive health.

Plastic pollution in Harari region, Ethiopia: practices and impacts on health and environment.

Plastic pollution poses a significant threat to the environment and human health on a global level. This study aimed to investigate plastic pollution in the Harari region of Ethiopia. The result indicated that 62% of respondents demonstrated good knowledge about plastic waste, and 59% of them perceived plastic waste as harmful. Polyethylene terephthalate, high-density polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, low-density polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, and polycarbonates were the types of plastic waste identified. Being female (AOR = 1.82), aged 15-45 (AOR = 1.82), married (AOR = 1.83), and having families >3 (AOR = 2.15) were significantly positively associated with good plastic waste management practice. Being illiterate (AOR = 0.52), and having poor knowledge about plastic waste (AOR = 0.54) were significantly negatively associated with poor management practice. The findings indicated that the Harari region is prone to adverse health and environmental effects from plastic pollution. Policies restricting plastic use, training municipal waste collectors and health extension workers, and improving public awareness are indispensable.

Nutrition education in the midwife consultation room. A cross sectional survey in Spain.

BACKGROUND: Diet during pregnancy is a key factor in the success of pregnancy. However, several studies have found pregnant women have low adherence to dietary recommendations. The midwife is a key health professional to provide nutrition education for pregnant women. Thus, it is important to know in detail her role in this respect. AIM: To explore how Spanish midwives undertake nutrition education in order to assess the need for specific interventions aimed at improving the health of pregnant women. METHODS: A cross-sectional descriptive observational study was undertaken using an online questionnaire (466 responses). FINDINGS: Spanish midwives recognise the importance of nutrition in pregnancy and that advising pregnant women in this regard is part of their role. In fact, all community midwives discuss nutrition to pregnant women, although they recognise that they do not feel particularly comfortable in dealing with certain topics, which could be related to a lack of mastery of the subjects. Midwives (56.5 %) rated the nutrition training their received as poor. CONCLUSION: In order to guarantee the quality in the nutrition education provided by Spanish midwives to promote the health of pregnant women, our results demonstrate the importance of strengthening both the nutrition content of midwives' training programmes and the ongoing support they receive throughout their professional life.

Current practice, trends and attitudes of rheumatologists towards glucocorticoids use for rheumatoid arthritis (GURANTEE): a national cross-sectional survey across China.

INTRODUCTION: To investigate current practices, changes, and perceptions of rheumatologists regarding GC use in RA patients. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a structured questionnaire between April and August 2023. Rheumatologists from 31 province-level regions of Mainland China were invited to participate. Chi-squared tests were adopted to investigate the differences by sociodemographic characteristics. RESULTS: 1,717 rheumatologists from 598 hospitals completed the survey with a response rate of 92%. Up to 60% of participants expressed currently infrequent initiation of GC co-therapy with csDMARDs (hardly ever 7.0%; occasionally 24.6%; sometimes 29.1%), accompanied by a decline of frequency over time reported in 64.2%. Regarding attitudes towards bridging therapy with GC, 604 (35.2%) participants supported this approach, 468 (27.3%) opposed it, and 645 (37.6%) remained inconclusive. Time to GC discontinuation in context of csDMARDs was commonly reported within 6 months in current practice which has been narrowed over time. Reasons for chronic GC use were mostly reported due to suboptimal disease control, followed by the need of RA complications, and pre-existing comorbidities. After failure of GC cessation, majority of respondents (84.4%) would escalate RA therapy (commonly by addition of JAK inhibitors, TNF inhibitors), which usually or often facilitated the GC cessation. The most frequently reported advantages and weaknesses of GC were rapid and strong efficacy, adverse events, respectively. Regarding long-term low-dose GC use for RA, the percentage of respondents who supported, opposed, or depended on the situation were 15.9%, 17.2%, and 66.9%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The current data demonstrate that GC initiation for RA treatment is not as frequent as before and the awareness of GC discontinuation is growing in current practice. Attitudes towards GC co-therapy with csDMARDs vary considerably and long-term low-dose GC use remain situation dependent.

Pediatrician Knowledge of Early Intervention Process as Contributor to Disparities in Management of Development Delay.

INTRODUCTION: Lack of knowledge of Early Intervention (EI) is a barrier to developmental delay (DD) management. We aimed to examine the feasibility of measuring pediatricians' knowledge of EI, determine the distribution of EI knowledge, and determine factors associated with increased EI knowledge. METHODS: We conducted an exploratory cross-sectional study with a convenience sample from a local American Academy of Pediatrics chapter to administer a survey with 10 multiple-choice questions regarding the EI referral process, evaluation process, eligibility criteria and fee structure. Our outcome variable was a composite score of these 10 multiple-choice questions, Total Knowledge Score (TKS). Our predictor variables included physician characteristics (i.e., years of experience, percentage of patients seen with private insurance, receipt of EI training in the last 5 years) and practice characteristics (i.e., medical home status). RESULTS: Our sample consisted of a total of 194 pediatric residents/attendings. Multivariable regression demonstrated seeing ≥ 50% patients who were privately insured, increased experience, and receiving training in the last 5 years were associated with higher TKS. DISCUSSION: We were able to quantitatively evaluate physician's knowledge of EI and demonstrated that seeing a majority of privately insured patients, having more experience, and having received formal EI training in the last 5 years were associated with higher EI knowledge. This disproportionate distribution of EI knowledge has the potential to contribute to disparities in the management of DD. This may indicate that medical institutions, where physicians see a small percent of privately insured patients, need to hire more experienced physicians, and provide routine EI training.