RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE DYSTROPHIC MANIFESTATIONS IN THE PERIODONTIUM AND INTESTINAL DYSBACTERIOSIS.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: of our work was investigation of dystrophy in periodontal tissues and an attempt to establish the correlation between dystrophy in the periodontium and presence of intestinal disbacteriosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: Clinical-radiological examination was carried out in 146 patients with generalized periodontal pathology at the age from 26 to 59 years old. Among them in 92 persons generalized periodontitis was diagnosed and in 54 - periodontosis. The first stage of heaviness of the pathological process in the periodontium was revealed in 50 patients with generalized periodontitis and 28 persons with periodontosis. Other patients suffered from heavier forms of periodontal pathology (II and III stages), 42 persons with generalized periodontitis and 28 persons with periodontosis accordingly. Bacteriological analysis of feces for disbacteriosis was carried out in all patients. RESULTS: Results: Changes in the physiological contour of the gums (that is macro relief of marginal periodontium) were found in the majority of examined patients. Because of the development of pathological gingival contour and recession of the gums, 72,5% of examined patients suffered from root denudation and different pathological conditions of roots cement structure - pigmentation, demineralization, wedge-shaped defects, caries. According to our clinical investigations it was found out that in majority of patients (83%) both inflammatory and dystophic changes were present, only 17% of patients had purely atrophic process in the periodontium without inflammation. In patients with GP and periodontosis, in whom dystrophic changes were accompanied by inflammation, clinical appearance was more expressed with redness, bleeding and suppuration from the pockets, thus hiding dystrophic signs. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: According to clinical and radiological findings numerous dystrophic changes were found in all structures of the periodontium and teeth of patients with periodontosis and generalized periodontitis. Changes intensify in disease progressing into the II-III stages. In patients with periodontosis clinical- radio¬logical peculiarities of dystrophy were revealed in early stages of disease progression, while in generalized periodontitis dystrophic changes become apparent in late stages of disease. The presence of colon disbacteriosis was established in patients with periodontosis and generalized periodontitis. Disbacteriosis intensifies when diseases progress into II-III stages of heaviness. These data indicates to possible correlation between the development of dystrophic changes in periodontal tissues and the presence of intestinal disbacteriosis.

Effects of green tea extract epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on oral disease-associated microbes: a review.

For thousands of years, caries, periodontitis and mucosal diseases, which are closely related to oral microorganisms, have always affected human health and quality of life. These complex microbiota present in different parts of the mouth can cause chronic infections in the oral cavity under certain conditions, some of which can also lead to acute and systemic diseases. With the mutation of related microorganisms and the continuous emergence of drug-resistant strains, in order to prevent and treat related diseases, in addition to the innovation of diagnosis and treatment technology, the development of new antimicrobial drugs is also important. Catechins are polyphenolic compounds in green tea, some of which are reported to provide health benefits for a variety of diseases. Studies have shown that epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is the most abundant and effective active ingredient in green tea catechins, which acts against a variety of gram-positive and negative bacteria, as well as some fungi and viruses. This review aims to summarize the research progress on the activity of EGCG against common oral disease-associated organisms and discuss the mechanisms of these actions, hoping to provide new medication strategies for the prevention and treatment of oral infectious diseases, the future research of EGCG and its translation into clinical practice are also discussed.

Evergreen influenza - Tackling an old enemy with fresh munitions.

This special edition of the Biomedical Journal puts the innate immune system into the limelight. We learn about the universal mechanisms underlying the immediate defense against influenza viruses mounted by innate immunity but also its detrimental secondary effects and how differential host genetics influence the network. Moreover, this issue addresses how oral hygiene is a concern for the entire organism, that younger age goes well with neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer and zinc with feeling less distressed by tinnitus caused by noise-induced hearing loss, and that IL-1Ra holds very promising potential to prevent intestinal ischemia reperfusion injury. Finally, we discover which type of post optimally protects devitalized teeth from breaking and how difficult it is to accurately diagnose the macrofollicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Effects of Porphyromonas gingivalis infection with different fimA genotypes on the secretion of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α by human umbilical vein endothelial cells / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@#To study the effects of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. g) infection with I, II and IV fimA genotypes on the expression of IL-1beta, IL-6 and TNF-alpha in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). @*Methods @#HUVECs infected with different fimA genotypes were divided into the fimA type I stimulation group, fimA type II stimulation group, fimA type IV stimulation group. In addition, a positive control group (E. coli LPS stimulation) and negative control group (cell culture medium only) were included. Cell proliferation was detected by MTT assay, and cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α levels in the supernatant of HUVECs after P. g stimulation were assessed by ELISA at 2 h, 6 h and 24 h.@*Results @#HUVECs were infected by P. g with fimA type I,fimA type II and LPS for 24 h. Cell proliferation was inhibited compared with the negative control group (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in the apoptosis rate between P. g infection and the negative control group. IL-1β levels in cell culture supernatants were higher at 2th than 6 and 24 h after stimulation of HUVECs with different fimA genotypes, while the IL-6 levels were higher at 24 h than the other time, while the TNF-α levels were no significant difference at every time. After fimA type II and IV P. g infection, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels were increased compared with fimA type I P. g (P < 0.05).@*Conclusion @# Different P. g fimA genotypes have different effects on stimulating HUVECs to induce dysfunction. Here, fimA type II and IV P. g exhibit a strong ability to upregulate the secretion of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-alpha.

An evaluation of dental methods by Lamendin and Prince and Ubelaker for estimation of adult age in a sample of modern Greeks.

Teeth can be used as accurate tools in age-at-death estimation in forensic cases. No previous data exist on estimating age from teeth in a modern Greek population. The aim of this study was to evaluate Lamendin's and Prince and Ubelaker's ageing methods on a modern Greek skeletal sample. In total, 1436 single-rooted teeth from 306 adult individuals (161 males and 145 females) were examined. Only measurements of periodontosis and translucency showed positive correlation with age. Results showed a bias - an overestimation for ages under 40 years and an underestimation over this age. However, the use of wider age groups proved to be more appropriate. Low values of error were observed for the group of middle-aged individuals. In conclusion, both methods can be considered accurate in estimating age-at-death of middle-aged individuals. This study provides more information about the accuracy and applicability of these dental methods on modern European populations.

Clinical observation of Jinlianhua Oral Liquid combined with Cedradine Capsule for treatment of periodontosis / 中草药

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of Jinlianhua Oral Liquid combined with Cedradine Capsule for the treatment of periodontosis. Methods: A total of 140 patients with periodontosis were divided into treatment group and control group randomly. The patients in the treatment group were given Jinlianhua Oral Liquid gargled for 3 min and Cedradine Capsule 1.0 g thrice daily; And the patients in the control group were given Cedradine Capsule 1.0 g thrice daily. After 21 d, the clinical efficacy between the two groups was compared. Results: The clinical efficacy and total effective rate to the patients in the treatment group were 28.58% and 91.42%, while in the control group were 11.42% and 82.85%. Conclusion: The curative effect of the combination of Jinlianhua Oral Liquid and Cedradine Capsule for the treatment of periodontosis is accurate.

A test of the Lamendin method of age estimation in South African canines.

Age estimation in unknown adult skeletons remains a considerable problem in forensic anthropology. In 1992, Lamendin et al. published a non-destructive method of age estimation on single rooted teeth. With this method, periodontosis and root transparency are judged against root height, and these are then used in regression formulae to estimate age. The aim of this study was to test the accuracy of the Lamendin method on a large sample of canines of South Africans, and if necessary to adapt the formulae for this population. A sample of known sex, age and population group was used. This included 537 upper and lower canines from 498 skulls, and included black males, black females, white males and white females. The age of the individuals ranged from 20 to 90 years. The original formulae gave relatively poor results, and in an attempt to obtain better accuracy the formulae were adapted with the current data. Even after adaptation of the formulae, the highest correlation between estimated age and actual age remained low (R(2)=0.41), with mean errors ranging between 12 and 15 years. Periodontosis was better correlated with age than root transparency. The accuracy of the method was found to be much lower than what was originally published, but probably reflects biological reality and is on a par with other methods of adult age estimation.

Papillon-lefevre syndrome: a combined approach from the dermatologist and dentist - a clinical presentation.

Papillon-Lefevre syndrome (PLS) is a rare disease characterized by skin lesions, which includes palmar-plantar hyperkeratosis and hyperhidrosis with severe periodontal destruction involving both the primary and the permanent dentitions. It is transmitted as an autosomal-recessive condition, and consanguinity of parents is evident in about one-third of the cases. This paper describes a 13-year-old male patient who presented to the department of pedodontics, with rapidly progressing periodontitis. A general physical examination revealed scaling on the hands and feet, which had been medically diagnosed as PLS. The incidence of this rare entity is increasing in the recent times, which is associated with irreparable periodontal destruction at an early age, with not so prominent skin lesions in some cases. In such instances, the dentist has a more important role in diagnosing, treatment planning and preservation of the periodontal tissues and, at the same time, referring for the treatment of the skin lesions. This paper emphasizes the combined effort of the two specialities in order to maintain skin as well as dental conditions in health by early intervention and a synergistic treatment approach.