Effects of acupuncture on vision and visual function in children with anisometropic amblyopia. / é’ˆåˆºå¯¹å±ˆå ‰å‚å·®æ€§å¼±è§†æ‚£å„¿è§†åŠ›å’Œè§†åŠŸèƒ½çš„å½±å“.

OBJECTIVES: To observe the clinical efficacy of Tiaoqi Tongjing Mingmu acupuncture (acupuncture for regulating qi, unblocking meridians and brightening eyes) combined with conventional treatment for anisometropic amblyopia children. METHODS: A total of 76 children with monocular anisometropic amblyopia were randomized into an observation group (38 cases, 2 cases dropped out) and a control group (38 cases). The lens covering therapy was adopted in both groups. The conventional treatment i.e. red flash, grating and visual stimulation was given in the control group, 5 min for one item each time; on the basis of the treatment in the control group, acupuncture was applied at bilateral Jingming (BL 1), Cuanzhu (BL 2), Fengchi (GB 20) and Guangming (GB 37) in the observation group. Both groups were treated once every other day, 3 times a week for 4 weeks. Before and after treatment, the best corrected visual acuity, the latency and amplitude of P100 wave of pattern visual evoked potential (P-VEP), the diopter (spherical equivalent [SE]) were observed, the stereoacuity was measured by Titmus stereoscopic examination, and the clinical efficacy was evaluated in both groups. RESULTS: Compared with those before treatment, the best corrected visual acuity improved (P<0.05), the latency of P-VEP P100 wave was shortened and the amplitude of P-VEP P100 wave was increased (P<0.05), and the SE and Titmus values were decreased (P<0.05) after treatment in both groups. After treatment, in the observation group, the best corrected visual acuity was higher (P<0.05), the latency of P-VEP P100 wave was shorter and the amplitude of P-VEP P100 wave was higher (P<0.05), SE and Titmus values were lower (P<0.05) than those in the control group. The total effective rate was 86.1% (31/36) in the observation group, which was superior to 65.8% (25/38) in the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: During the visual plasticity period, Tiaoqi Tongjing Mingmu acupuncture combined with conventional treatment can effectively improve the best corrected vision, diopter and stereoacuity in children with anisometropic amblyopia, and enhance the nerve conduction function from retina to visual cortex. Its effect is superior to that of simple conventional treatment.

Exploration of Chinese Medicine Adjuvant Therapy for the Treatment of Difficult Withdrawal of Mechanical Ventilation Based on Pectoral Qiand Five-Viscera Correlation Theory / 广州中医药大学学报

This article takes pectoral qi as the starting point to discuss the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)pathogenesis as well as the diagnostic and therapeutic approach to difficult withdrawal of mechanical ventilation in mechanically ventilated patients.According to the five-viscera correlation theory,it is believed that the onset of difficult withdrawal of mechanical ventilation is closely related to pectoral qi.The core pathogenesis of difficult withdrawal of mechanical ventilation is due to the insufficiency of pectoral qi and the deficiency of the lung,spleen and kidney,and the obstruction of pectoral qi and disharmony of qi and blood contribute to the key pathogenesis.Chinese medicine treatment can be carried out by the usage of Sijunzi Tang(Four Mild-Drug Decoction),Bufei Tang(Decoction for Replenishing Lung),Shenling Baizhu San(Powder of Radix Ginseng,Poria and Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae)to supplement and benefit pectoral qi,and by the utilization of Buzhong Yiqi Tang(Decoction for Tonifying Middle Energizer and Replenishing Qi),Shengxian Tang(Decoction for Lifting the Sinking of Qi in Chest),Juyuan Jian(Decoction for Replenishing Qi and Lifting the Sunken Qi)to elevate yang and lift the sinking of Qi.Moreover,herbs for regulating qi and blood should be added,and the management of the diet and daily living based on the identification of the deficiency and excess of the five viscera is stressed,so as to enhance the success rate of withdrawal of mechanical ventilation.The exploration will provide ideas for the treatment of difficult withdrawal of mechanical ventilation with the integrated Chinese and western medicine.

JIA Yingjie's Experience in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Esophageal Cancer / 浙江中医药大学学报

[Objective]To summarize the clinical experience of Professor JIA Yingjie,a renowned traditional Chinese medicine practitioner in the treatment of esophageal cancer.[Methods]Through clinical following up,collect and analyze Professor JIA's understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of esophageal cancer and related medication,and a case of was attached as evidence.[Results]Professor JIA believes that the pathogenesis of esophageal cancer can be summarized as"phlegm coagulation and Qi stagnation"in the early stage,"primitive deficiency"in the late stage as a whole,"phlegm and blood stasis intermingle,Qi and blood stasis obstruct the diaphragm"in local areas,phlegm,Qi,and blood stasis solidify and poison transform into cancer turbidity,and block and form tumors.Clinical differentiation and treatment should always focus on"Qi",with a particular emphasis on regulating the"Qi mechanism".The lungs,spleen and liver are in sync,and dynamic differentiation and treatment should be carried out based on the characteristics of the patient's tongue and pulse.Medication should emphasize the use of"strengthening the body resistance righting"and"dispelling pathogenic factors"to achieve the dissipation of blood stasis,the elimination of cancer toxins and the opening of the diaphragm.[Conclusion]Based on the characteristics of esophageal cancer and the patient's physical constitution,Professor JIA combines disease and syndrome differentiation in treating esophageal cancer,providing a certain reference value and new path for clinical medication.

Exploring Traditional Chinese Medicine Pattern Identification and Treatment of Malignant Tumors Based on “Regulating Qi with Changes” / 中医杂志

It is believed that qi changes throughout the whole process of malignant tumors. Tumour formation is induced by qi constraint in the early stage， qi sinking is the core disease mechanism after tumour surgery， qi counterflow is an important disease mechanism for nausea and vomiting related symptoms in chemotherapy stage， and qi deficiency is the main pathology in recurrence and metastasis stage. It is proposed that the therapeutic principle of “regulating qi with changes” discussed in Miraculous Pivot-Wei Qi Disorder （《灵枢·卫气失常》） should be implemented in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） pattern identification and treatment of malignant tumours， modifying the treatment with changes， and regulating qi with corresponding methods： for qi constraint， it should soothe to eliminate the tumour by the method of rectifying qi to resolve constraint， with treatment as Shugan Jianpi Formula （疏肝健脾方）； for qi sinking， it should raise to lift up postoperative viscera by the method of boosting qi to raise sinking， with treatment as Shengxian Decoction （升陷汤） from Records of Chinese Medicine with Reference to Western Medicine （《医学衷中参西录》）； for qi counterflow， the method of moving qi and direct counterflow downward will be used to dissipate the accumulated medicinal toxicity， and patients with retention of medicinal toxicity in the middle jiao and ascending counterflow of stomach qi treated by Xuanfu Daizhe Decoction （旋覆代赭汤） from On Cold Damage （《伤寒论》）， patients with middle yang deficiency and turbid ying failing to descend treated by Wuzhuyu Decoction （吴茱萸汤） from On Cold Damage （《伤寒论》） ； for qi deficiency， it should tonify to prevent the tumor toxin from spreading by the method of boosting qi to resolve toxins， treated by Fuzheng Jiedu Formula （扶正解毒方）.

Exploring the “Inflammation-Cancer” Transformation of Ulcerative Colitis and Its Prevention and Treatment Based on the Method of Regulating Qi and Resolving Toxins / 中医杂志

Based on the method of regulating qi and resolving toxins， this paper discussed the core pathogenesis of “inflammation-cancer” transformation of ulcerative colitis. It is believed that the disorder of qi movement， endogenous pathogenic factors of “heat， stasis and dampness” are cemented in the large intestine， and the pathogenic factors are too excessive to be solved， which will become toxic after a long time and lead to cancerous changes. Clinical prevention and treatment applies the method of regulating qi and resolving toxins， and the method of regulating qi was proposed as clearing internal qi， regulating blood qi and strengthening spleen qi， so as to clear heat， dissipate blood stasis and dissolve dampness； different methods of regulating qi and resolving toxins were flexibly combined according to the pathogenic characteristics of different stages of toxicity， in order to interrupt the process of “inflammation-cancer” transformation of ulcerative colitis.

[Clinical thinking of acupuncture for snoring based on "disharmony qi leads to restlessness"].

This study summarizes the clinical thinking of acupuncture for snoring based on "disharmony qi leads to restlessness". According to the pathological characteristics of qi stagnation and blood stasis, phlegm dampness and internal obstruction in snoring patients, combined with the etiology, pathogenesis and location of the disease, the innovative viewpoint of "disharmony qi leads to restlessness" is proposed. It is believed that the key to snoring treatment lies in "regulating qi ". In clinical practice, acupuncture can directly regulate the qi of the disease's location, regulate the qi of the organs and viscera, and regulate the qi of the meridians to achieve overall regulation of the body's internal and external qi, smooth circulation of qi and blood, and ultimately achieve the therapeutic goal of harmonizing qi, stopping snoring, and improving sleep quality.

[Study on mechanisms of acupuncture underlying improvement of CUMS-induced depression in rats based on tandem mass spectrometry proteomics technique].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the possible mechanism of "regulating qi and relieving depression" acupuncture underlying improvement of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depression in rats by using Tandem Mass Tags(TMT) quantitative proteomics technique. METHODS: Thirty-six male SD rats were randomly divided into control, model and acupuncture groups, with 12 rats in each group. The depression model was induced by CUMS stress for 21 days. After the depression model was successfully established, the rats in the acupuncture group received manual acupuncture stimulation at "Baihui" (GV20) and "Yintang" (GV24+) for 20 min, once daily for 21 days. Open field test, sugar water preference test and forced swimming test (FST) were used to evaluate the behavioral changes. TMT quantitative proteomics was used to obtain differential proteins in the hippocampus tissue and related signaling pathways enrichment was analyzed, followed by verifying differential protein pathways by using Western blot and immunofluorescence methods. RESULTS: Behavior tests showed that on the 21st and 42nd days, the horizontal crossing times, walking distance and percentage of sugar water consumption were significantly decreased (P<0.05), while the immobility time of FST was obviously increased (P<0.05) in the model group relevant to the control group. After acupuncture intervention, the horizontal crossing times, walking distance and percentage of sugar water consumption were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the immobility time was apparently decreased (P<0.05) in the acupuncture group relevant to the model group. The TMT quantitative proteomics of hippocampus tissue displayed that of the 71 differential proteins (model group vs control group), 32 was down-regulated and 39 up-regulated in the model group; and among the above 71 differential proteins, there were 20 differential proteins between acupuncture group and model group, 15 down-regulated and 5 up-regulated in the acupuncture group (vs the model group). The expression of Mapk8ipl was up-regulated in the model group (vs the control group) and down-regulated in the acupuncture group (vs the model group). GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that these acupuncture-related differential proteins mainly involve the regulation of blood coagulation system, MAPK signaling pathway, etc. We selected the MAPK/JNK signaling pathway related to depression for verification. Western blot showed that the expression levels of c-JUN and phosphorylated c-JUN terminal kinase (p-JNK) proteins in the hippocampus were up-regulated in the model group relevant to the control group (P<0.05); while the expression levels of c-JUN and p-JNK proteins in the hippocampus were down-regulated in the acupuncture group relevant to the model group (P<0.05). The results of immunofluorescence showed that the mean fluorescence intensity of c-JUN and p-JNK in hippocampal CA1, CA3 and DG regions was increased in the model group relevant to the control group (P<0.05), while the mean fluorescence intensity of c-JUN and p-JNK in hippocampal CA1, CA3 and DG regions was obviously lower in the acupuncture group than in the model group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Acupuncture for "regulating qi and relieving depression" can significantly improve depression-like behavior in CUMS-induced depression model rats, which involves multiple targets and multiple pathways, including MAPK/JNK signaling.

Relationship Between Metabolic Remodeling of Endothelial Cells and Tumor Angiogenesis Based on "Yin Fire" Theory and Intervention of Chinese Medicine / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Endothelial cells in the inner wall of blood vessels respond to physical and chemical signals of the body by regulating vascular homeostasis， vascular tension， cell adhesion， cell proliferation， coagulation resistance and inflammatory factors， to maintain the stability of blood vessels. Angiogenesis is the key condition for tumor evolution， and the pathological mode of tumor angiogenesis provides nutrients and oxygen for tumor growth and promotes its proliferation. In recent years， endothelial cells have participated in tumor vascular infiltration and driven angiogenesis， which is considered to be the point link in tumor metastasis. By regulating metabolic remodeling， vascular endothelial cells provide the materials and energy needed in the process of tumor angiogenesis， and their abnormal metabolic characteristics facilitate their adaption to the changes of tumor microenvironment， which is often regarded as an important basis for tumor angiogenesis. The ''Yin fire'' theory in traditional Chinese medicine， originating from Huangdi's Internal Classic （Huang Di Nei Jing）， originally meant Yin deficiency generates internal heat， and belonged to the category of fire of internal injury. After the deduction and changes by physicians over the ages， the pathogenesis of ''spleen and stomach Qi deficiency-Yin fire rising-Qi and fire disharmony'' was gradually formed. The pathogenesis of metabolic remodeling of endothelial cells manifests the pathological characterization of Yin fire in an objective way， which is consistent with the disease state of uncontrolled and hyperactive tumor neovascularization. Changes in spleen and stomach Qi deficiency as well as imbalance of Qi movement lead to the failure of water and food in distribution， and thus metabolic disorders occur. Long term retention turns in phlegm and blood stasis， which combat with blood vessels， and result in abnormal local environment （formation of tumor microenvironment）， adverse pulse channel （imbalance of endothelial cell metabolism）， and tumor neovascularization. Under the guidance of ''Yin fire'' syndrome elements and by focusing on the correlation between Qi and fire， prescriptions are made based on the treatment method of ''strengthening the body and regulating Qi'' to regulate the metabolic function of endothelial cells， thus achieving a relatively balanced state of the body and inhibiting tumor angiogenesis. As a result， this study， centering on the metabolic remodeling of endothelial cells and ''Yin fire'' theory， elucidated the academic ideas， with the purpose of providing some theoretical support for the intervention of tumor vascularization by Chinese medicine.

The Concept of Interoception in Modern Psychology and Its Clinical Applications from the Perspective of Traditional Chinese Medicine / 中医杂志

This study critically examines the current status of interoception research in modern psychology， taking into account perspective of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， encompassing both foundational studies and clinical applications. The investigation highlights a deep interconnection between psychosomatic theories in TCM， such as the TCM emotions and viscera theory and the view of body-spirit syncretism， and the concept of interoception at the cognitive level. Moreover， philosophical principles， particularly the “Zhi Yi Lun” in TCM， align naturally with the three-dimensional interoception model. Importantly， this comparative analysis emphasizes that Western and Chinese medicine place different emphasis on interoception research with the former focusing on diagnosis and the latter on treatment. These differing approaches complement each other and provide opportunities for cross-fertilization. At the practical level of interoception application， “five-state personality classification” demonstrates promising potential for further clinical application. In addition， TCM has valuable insights for contemporary medical practices in terms of emotional regulation. TCM methods for emotional regulation， known as “Daoyin”， provide important knowledge in this area. One concept developed by TCM for clinical intervention targeting interoception is “Tiao Qi” （regulating qi）. This concept is used during diagnosis and treatment in TCM and plays a crucial role in managing interoceptive states. This paper aims to explain the cognitive and applied aspects of interoception in TCM， offering a perspective for future research and clinical application. By integrating modern psychology's psychosomatic medicine model， TCM can enhance its relevance and efficacy in contemporary medical contexts. This integration promotes a balanced relationship between the mind and body. TCM researchers have a responsibility to explore the inherent strengths and practical value of TCM in interoception research， and contribute to the advancement of TCM.

Clinical thinking of acupuncture for snoring based on "disharmony qi leads to restlessness" / 中国针灸

This study summarizes the clinical thinking of acupuncture for snoring based on "disharmony qi leads to restlessness". According to the pathological characteristics of qi stagnation and blood stasis, phlegm dampness and internal obstruction in snoring patients, combined with the etiology, pathogenesis and location of the disease, the innovative viewpoint of "disharmony qi leads to restlessness" is proposed. It is believed that the key to snoring treatment lies in "regulating qi ". In clinical practice, acupuncture can directly regulate the qi of the disease's location, regulate the qi of the organs and viscera, and regulate the qi of the meridians to achieve overall regulation of the body's internal and external qi, smooth circulation of qi and blood, and ultimately achieve the therapeutic goal of harmonizing qi, stopping snoring, and improving sleep quality.

[Analysis on "the essence of tuina, arrival of qi ensuring curative effect"].

In reference with the systematic review of the thought of deqi (arrival of qi) put forward in Huangdi Neijing (Internal Classic of Yellow Emperor) and other classic books of traditional Chinese medicine, in view of detecting qi and identifying qi before treatment, as well as the prerequisites of deqi in tuina, meaning the accurate syndrome differentiation and manipulations, the importance of deqi in treatment with tuina is expounded. In association with clinical experience, the specific manifestations of deqi in patients during tuina are summarized, e.g. soreness, distention, pain, numbness, warm feeling and slight sweating, local changes in intestinal sound and skin color, as well as mind regulation. It is anticipated that deqi of tuina may be drawn the attention in clinical practice, and the relevant study be expanded.

Analysis on "the essence of tuina, arrival of qi ensuring curative effect" / 中国针灸

In reference with the systematic review of the thought of deqi (arrival of qi) put forward in Huangdi Neijing (Internal Classic of Yellow Emperor) and other classic books of traditional Chinese medicine, in view of detecting qi and identifying qi before treatment, as well as the prerequisites of deqi in tuina, meaning the accurate syndrome differentiation and manipulations, the importance of deqi in treatment with tuina is expounded. In association with clinical experience, the specific manifestations of deqi in patients during tuina are summarized, e.g. soreness, distention, pain, numbness, warm feeling and slight sweating, local changes in intestinal sound and skin color, as well as mind regulation. It is anticipated that deqi of tuina may be drawn the attention in clinical practice, and the relevant study be expanded.

[Analysis on targets of regulating Qi and activating blood based on activity spectrum of targets].

The traditional Chinese medicines(TCM) for activating blood circulation and the TCM for regulating Qi are often used in combination in clinical practice. However, their mechanisms are still unclear. The activity spectrum of targets can fuse the active components, targets and intensity of action, which provides support for the discussion of efficacy targets. The chemical components of common TCM sets for activating blood circulation and regulating Qi, as well as the negative sets not for activating blood circulation and re-gulating Qi were obtained from the database of TCM. By the similarity analysis of chemical components in TCM for activating blood circulation and DrugBank database, the predicted targets of chemical components in TCM for activating blood circulation were obtained, and the similarity value of the two was taken as the activity value of the active components and predicted targets. Then, the component-target activity value was weighted. The activity values of herb acting on the same target were fused to construct activity spectra of targets of the herbs for activating blood circulation, herbs for regulating Qi and negative herbs. The targets whose activity values of activating blood circulation and regulating Qi were higher than those of negative herbs were selected as potential targets of efficacy. Protein-protein interaction networks were constructed for topological, GO and KEGG enrichment analysis to determine the key targets of efficacy of activating blood circulation and regulating Qi. The component-target activity information collected from DrugBank database contained 4 499 compounds, 627 targets and 11 295 action relationships. The activating blood function protein-protein interaction network contained 206 nodes and 1 728 edges, while the regulating Qi function protein-protein interaction network contained 230 nodes and 986 edges. The enrichment analysis of topology, GO and KEGG showed that TCM for activating blood circulation mainly exerted its anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective and angiogenic effects on signaling cascade pathway mediated by VEGF/VEGFR2, ERK signaling pathway, calcium signaling pathway and PI3 K-AKT signaling pathway, and the key targets included mitogen activated protein kinases 3(MAPK3), proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src(SRC), mitogen activated protein kinases 1(MAPK1), epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR), phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform(PIK3 CA), peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor gamma(PPARG), nitric oxide synthase 3(NOS3), prostaglandin G/H synthetase 2(PTGS2), matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP9), and vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGFA). TCM for regulating Qi mainly exerted anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects by acting on MAPK signaling pathway and PI3 K-AKT signaling pathway, and the key targets included mitogen activated protein kinases 8(MAPK8), SRC, mitogen activated protein kinases 14(MAPK14), and RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase(AKT1), mitogen activated protein kinases 3(MAPK3). Based on the activity spectrum of targets, the targets of the TCM for activating blood and the targets of the TCM for regulating Qi were analyzed to provide reference for the study of efficacy targets of TCM, and also provide some scientific basis for clinical application.

Spectrum-effect relationship between UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS fingerprint and promoting gastrointestinal motility activity of Fructus aurantii based on multivariate statistical analysis.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Nowadays, gastrointestinal motility disorders (GMD) have reduced the quality of people's daily life worldwide, but there is still a lack of effective western medicine treatment. Fructus aurantii (FA), a representative regulating-qi herbal medicine, has been widely used to treat GMD in China for thousands of years, but it is not clear that which specific components contribute to the efficacy. AIM OF THE STUDY: The efficacy differences of various fractions of FA on normal mice and GMD rats were compared, so as to find out the main effective fraction of FA, and to screen the main regulating-qi components based on spectrum-effect relationship and multivariate statistical analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The fingerprints of different fractions of FA were established and main compounds were identified with UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS technique. The promoting gastrointestinal motility activities of FA were evaluated by defecation test, gastric emptying and intestinal propulsion test in mice, and further investigated according to the biochemical analysis of 5-HT, SP, MLT, GAS and VIP in GMD rats' plasma. One-way ANOVA was used to find out the difference of efficacy. The active components were screened through spectrum-effect relationship with PCA-X, Pearson bivariate correlation analysis and OPLS analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Ethyl acetate fraction is the main active fraction, and nine compounds are the major regulating-qi components. The developed spectrum-effect analysis can be used for the screening of bioactive components in natural products with high accuracy and reliability.

Analysis on targets of regulating Qi and activating blood based on activity spectrum of targets / 中国中药杂志

The traditional Chinese medicines(TCM) for activating blood circulation and the TCM for regulating Qi are often used in combination in clinical practice. However, their mechanisms are still unclear. The activity spectrum of targets can fuse the active components, targets and intensity of action, which provides support for the discussion of efficacy targets. The chemical components of common TCM sets for activating blood circulation and regulating Qi, as well as the negative sets not for activating blood circulation and re-gulating Qi were obtained from the database of TCM. By the similarity analysis of chemical components in TCM for activating blood circulation and DrugBank database, the predicted targets of chemical components in TCM for activating blood circulation were obtained, and the similarity value of the two was taken as the activity value of the active components and predicted targets. Then, the component-target activity value was weighted. The activity values of herb acting on the same target were fused to construct activity spectra of targets of the herbs for activating blood circulation, herbs for regulating Qi and negative herbs. The targets whose activity values of activating blood circulation and regulating Qi were higher than those of negative herbs were selected as potential targets of efficacy. Protein-protein interaction networks were constructed for topological, GO and KEGG enrichment analysis to determine the key targets of efficacy of activating blood circulation and regulating Qi. The component-target activity information collected from DrugBank database contained 4 499 compounds, 627 targets and 11 295 action relationships. The activating blood function protein-protein interaction network contained 206 nodes and 1 728 edges, while the regulating Qi function protein-protein interaction network contained 230 nodes and 986 edges. The enrichment analysis of topology, GO and KEGG showed that TCM for activating blood circulation mainly exerted its anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective and angiogenic effects on signaling cascade pathway mediated by VEGF/VEGFR2, ERK signaling pathway, calcium signaling pathway and PI3 K-AKT signaling pathway, and the key targets included mitogen activated protein kinases 3(MAPK3), proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src(SRC), mitogen activated protein kinases 1(MAPK1), epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR), phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform(PIK3 CA), peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor gamma(PPARG), nitric oxide synthase 3(NOS3), prostaglandin G/H synthetase 2(PTGS2), matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP9), and vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGFA). TCM for regulating Qi mainly exerted anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects by acting on MAPK signaling pathway and PI3 K-AKT signaling pathway, and the key targets included mitogen activated protein kinases 8(MAPK8), SRC, mitogen activated protein kinases 14(MAPK14), and RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase(AKT1), mitogen activated protein kinases 3(MAPK3). Based on the activity spectrum of targets, the targets of the TCM for activating blood and the targets of the TCM for regulating Qi were analyzed to provide reference for the study of efficacy targets of TCM, and also provide some scientific basis for clinical application.

Traditional Chinese Medicines alleviated myocardial ischemia by regulating Qi and promoting blood circulation.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of Chinese medicines on Qi stagnation and blood stasis in rats with myocardial ischemia. METHODS: Fifty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups (n = 10) as follows: (a) sham operation (Sham), (b) myocardial ischemia (Model), (c) treatment that regulates Qi (Qi), (d) treatment that promotes blood circulation (Blood), (e) treatment that both regulates Qi and promotes blood circulation (QB). The rat model was established via activities restriction for 6 h followed by tail clamp stimulation for 5 mins every day for 7 d and occlusion left coronary anterior descending artery. Afterwards rats were treated with medicines that regulate Qi and/or promote blood circulation via gavage for 14 d. Behavioral parameters were evaluated using open field and elevated plus-maze tests. The tongue color and sublingual vein were visually examined. Blood flow perfusion of tongue and auricle were detected using PIM Ⅱ. The mesenteric microcirculation was examined via capillaroscopy, and hemodynamics was assessed using a polygraph system. Serum homocysteine (Hcy), creatine kinase isoenzyme (CKMB) levels and endothelin-1 (ET-1) were measured. Hematoxylin and eosin staining and transmission electron microscopy were employed to detect the myocardial morphology and ultrastructure, respectively. RESULTS: Compared with findings in Sham group, rats in model group had coarse hair, dark mucosa of the lips and claw, low activity, and increased anxiety. Compared with findings in Model group, rats in the three treatment groups exhibited a lighter tongue color without an extended and varicose sublingual vein. There were significant increases of auricle blood flow perfusion in the Qi group and tongue bottom blood flow perfusion in the QB group. Compared with findings in Model rats, rats in Blood group exhibited improved mesenteric microcirculation associated with increased mesenteric blood flow and a larger arteriole diameter. Moreover, compared with findings in Model rats, Qi and QB rats exhibited increased left ventricular ± dp/dtmax, decreased serum CKMB, Hcy, ET-1 levels, and reduced myocardial ultrastructural damage. CONCLUSION: Myocardial ischemia damage was suppressed by Traditional Chinese Medicines that regulate Qi and promote blood circulation.

Clinical study for treating steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome by the methods of Shugan-Yiqi-Yangyin / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To observe the clinical effect of the method of Shugan-Yiqi-Yangyin treatment for the steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS). Methods A total of 80 patients with SRNS were divided into 2 groups by random number table method, 40 in each group. The control group received glucocorticoids combined with Tripterygium Glycosides;and the treatment group received Shugan-Yiqi-Yangyin on the basis of the control group, 3 month as a course. The 24 h urine protein quantitative (propagated), plasma albumin, blood lipid (total cholesterol, triglycerides), hemorrheology, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr), urinary inhibition C (Cys C) were detected before and after the treatment of two groups, and the clinical effect was compared. Results The total effective rate of the treatment group was 92.50% (37/40) and 82.50% (33/40) in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (Z=-1.966, P<0.05). After the treatment, the 24 hPRO (1.03 ± 0.64 mg vs.2.81 ± 1.43 mg,t=3.025),Cys C(0.35 ± 0.41 mg/L vs.0.76 ± 0.51 mg/L, t=3.058) of the treatment group was significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).The Alb(34.88 ± 2.17 mg vs. 31.69 ± 2.05 mg, t=2.986) of the treatment group was significantly higher than this of the control group (P<0.05), After treatment,the whole blood high shear viscosity(7.84 ± 1.42 mPa?s vs.8.94 ± 1.38 mPa?s,t=3.160),the whole blood low shear viscosity(4.55 ± 0.37 mPa?s vs.5.02 ± 0.44 mPa?s,t=3.825),plasma viscosity(1.33 ± 0.10 mPa?s vs.1.95 ± 0.26 mPa?s,t=2.981),hematocrit(0.28 ± 0.03 vs.0.34 ± 0.03,t=2.993),fibrinogen(3.96 ± 0.57 g/L vs.4.52 ± 0.47 g/L,t=4.863)of the treatment group were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).The TC(5.04 ± 1.72 mmol/L vs.6.99 ± 1.06 mmol/L,t=3.67),TG(1.4 ± 0.64 mmol/L vs.2.02 ± 0.31 mmol/L, t=3.040) of the treatment group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions The Shugan-Yiqi-Yangyin treatment for SRNS can obviously improve the symptoms,reduce the side effects of hormone of antagonism. The possible mechanisms are to restore kidney function, improve blood viscosity and lower blood lipid levels.

Ideas of Syndrome Differentiation in Treatment of Chronic Atrophic Gastritis with Precancerous Lesions / 中国中医药信息杂志

Chronic atrophic gastritis with gastric precancerous lesions is a kind of difficult disease of digestive disease, with long course of disease and difficulty in cure. This article believed that the main pathogenesis was spleen-stomach deficiency, qi-blood stasis and blood stasis poison accumulation by analyzing the causes, pathogenesis and pathology, which should be treated by nourishing spleen and stomach, regulating qi and blood circulation, detoxifying and dissipating stasis.

[Acupuncture with smoothing liver and regulating qi for post-stroke slow transit constipation and its gastrointestinal hormone level].

OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy between acupuncture with smoothing liver and regulating qi and lactulose for post-stroke slow transit constipation(STC) and to explore the mechanism. METHODS: Sixty patients were randomized into an acupuncture group and a medication group,30 cases in each one. Based on the comprehensive stroke unit care,acupuncture with smoothing liver and regulating qi was used at Danzhong(CV 17),Qihai(CV 6),Tianshu(ST 25),Neiguan(PC 6),Gongsun(SP 4) and Taichong(LR 3) in the acupuncture group,once a day. Lactulose oral liquid was taken at a draught in the morning in the medication group,20 to 30 mL a time,once a day. The study period was 11 weeks,including 1-week baseline evaluation,6-week treatment and 4-week follow-up. We recorded the time of the first independent defecation,constipation symptom score,and gastrointestinal hormone level,including somatostatin(SS),motilin(MTL),P substance(SP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP). Also,the side effects were recorded at any time. RESULTS: The time of the first independent defecation was (30.18±16.14) h in the acupuncture group,which was significantly different from (43.22±28.42) h in the medication group(P<0.05). The constipation scores after 6-week treatment and at follow-up were lower than those before treatment in the two groups (all P<0.05),with better results in the acupuncture group(both P<0.05). MTL and SP increased,as well as SS and VIP decreased after treatment in the two groups(all P<0.05). The changes were better in the acupuncture group(all P<0.05). The side effect was not observed in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Acupuncture with smoothing liver and regulating qi achieves better effect than lactulose for post-stroke STC in terms of efficacy onset,extent,and long term. The mechanism may relate to increasing excitatory regulatory peptide and reducing inhibitory regulatory peptide.

Acupuncture with smoothing liver and regulatingfor post-stroke slow transit constipation and its gastrointestinal hormone level / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the efficacy between acupuncture with smoothing liver and regulatingand lactulose for post-stroke slow transit constipation(STC) and to explore the mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty patients were randomized into an acupuncture group and a medication group,30 cases in each one. Based on the comprehensive stroke unit care,acupuncture with smoothing liver and regulatingwas used at Danzhong(CV 17),Qihai(CV 6),Tianshu(ST 25),Neiguan(PC 6),Gongsun(SP 4) and Taichong(LR 3) in the acupuncture group,once a day. Lactulose oral liquid was taken at a draught in the morning in the medication group,20 to 30 mL a time,once a day. The study period was 11 weeks,including 1-week baseline evaluation,6-week treatment and 4-week follow-up. We recorded the time of the first independent defecation,constipation symptom score,and gastrointestinal hormone level,including somatostatin(SS),motilin(MTL),P substance(SP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP). Also,the side effects were recorded at any time.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The time of the first independent defecation was (30.18±16.14) h in the acupuncture group,which was significantly different from (43.22±28.42) h in the medication group(<0.05). The constipation scores after 6-week treatment and at follow-up were lower than those before treatment in the two groups (all<0.05),with better results in the acupuncture group(both<0.05). MTL and SP increased,as well as SS and VIP decreased after treatment in the two groups(all<0.05). The changes were better in the acupuncture group(all<0.05). The side effect was not observed in the two groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Acupuncture with smoothing liver and regulatingachieves better effect than lactulose for post-stroke STC in terms of efficacy onset,extent,and long term. The mechanism may relate to increasing excitatory regulatory peptide and reducing inhibitory regulatory peptide.</p>