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1.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int ; 31(43): 55812-55821, 2024 Sep.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39245672

RÉSUMÉ

Organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) are a group of pesticides that are most widely used in the agricultural sector, and farmers are exposed to these chemicals more than other members of society. In this work, an environmentally friendly, simple, and safe ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (USA-DLLME) method using alcohol-based hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (HDESs) followed by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) was developed for the extraction and determination of OPPs in the blood of farmers studied in Ravansar cohort. DESs synthesized from thymol as hydrogen bond donor (HBD) and aliphatic alcohols as hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) have been used as extractants. Under optimal experimental conditions, the reproducibility of the method based on 7 replicate measurements of 10 µg L-1 of OPPs in blood samples was in the range of 1.4-3.8%. The method showed a linearity in the range of 0.01-150 µg L-1. The limits of detection and limits of quantification were between 0.003 and 0.02 µg L-1 and 0.01-0.05 µg L-1, respectively. The matrix effect and accuracy of the method were confirmed by spiking different amounts of OPPs in real blood samples and obtaining relative recoveries in the range of 91-112%. The results showed that the concentration of OPPs in the case group was significantly higher than in the control group, which is because the case group was exposed to OPPs during the spraying of agricultural products.


Sujet(s)
Agriculteurs , Chromatographie gazeuse-spectrométrie de masse , Microextraction en phase liquide , Composés organiques du phosphore , Pesticides , Composés organiques du phosphore/composition chimique , Pesticides/sang , Humains , Solvants eutectiques profonds/composition chimique , Solvants/composition chimique , Interactions hydrophobes et hydrophiles , Alcools/composition chimique
2.
Sci Rep ; 14(1): 21652, 2024 09 17.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39289588

RÉSUMÉ

Farmers in tropical Indonesia who manage agroecological systems face multiple challenges related to food security. Despite the conditions caused by climate change, these farming households have effectively utilized agroforestry to build food security. However, prolonged dry seasons pose new constraints to their livelihood strategies. This study uses a qualitative methodology and a rural farmer livelihood framework to analyze and evaluate household livelihood strategies, attitudes, and reactions to climate change. The findings show that farmers constantly modify their management techniques using flexible and adaptive decision-making processes to cope with and minimize climate change challenges. Moreover, the role of climate variation as a significant catalyst for change in farming practices is challenging to distinguish from some of the routine problems that farmers face each year. Through knowledge accumulation and adaptive management, farmers in Enrekang utilize several livelihood adaptation strategies to reduce risks in the face of changing climate conditions. In addition, farmers utilize on-farm crops to obtain various ecosystem services that provide services such as food, nutrition, and medicine and improve ecology, nutrient cycling, and climate regulation. Further research is needed to understand how on-farm tree inclusion affects various biophysical properties and the rationale behind species selection.


Sujet(s)
Agriculture , Changement climatique , Agriculteurs , Indonésie , Humains , Agriculture/méthodes , Produits agricoles/croissance et développement , Écosystème , Sécurité alimentaire
3.
Nat Food ; 5(9): 742-753, 2024 Sep.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39313684

RÉSUMÉ

Carbon sequestration on agricultural land, albeit long-time neglected, offers substantial mitigation potential. Here we project, using an economic land-use model, that these options offer cumulative mitigation potentials comparable to afforestation by 2050 at 160 USD2022 tCO2 equivalent (tCO2e-1), with most of it located in the Global South. Carbon sequestration on agricultural land could provide producers around the world with additional revenues of up to 375 billion USD2022 at 160 USD2022 tCO2e-1 and allow achievement of net-zero emissions in the agriculture, forestry and other land-use sectors by 2050 already at economic costs of around 80-120 USD2022 tCO2e-1. This would, in turn, decrease economy-wide mitigation costs and increase gross domestic product (+0.6%) by the mid-century in 1.5 °C no-overshoot climate stabilization scenarios compared with mitigation scenarios that do not consider these options. Unlocking these potentials requires the deployment of highly efficient institutions and monitoring systems over the next 5 years across the whole world, including sub-Saharan Africa, where the largest mitigation potential exists.


Sujet(s)
Agriculture , Séquestration du carbone , Changement climatique , Agriculteurs , Humains , Climat
5.
Environ Monit Assess ; 196(10): 955, 2024 Sep 19.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39299998

RÉSUMÉ

In Ghana, widespread backyard farming on arable land with refuse waste is driven by the enriched physicochemical properties of dumpsite soils, supporting crop growth. However, the enhanced levels of heavy metals have raised concerns among policymakers focusing on the environmental challenges posed by dumpsites soil. The purpose of the study was to assess the awareness of dumpsites farmers on soil physicochemical properties and dangers posed by accumulated toxic heavy metals. A total of 100 vegetable farmers were interviewed in three communities to gauge their awareness of dumpsite soil properties and potential contamination. A semi-structured questionnaire was purposively used to solicit for information from farmers. Chi-square (χ2) test of homogeneity was used to ascertain if there was any uniformity among respondents in the different communities studied. The findings showed that the level of education of the famers had no relationship (p = 0.21) with farmers' educational level. Dumpsites farmers' knowledge on soil physicochemical properties had a significant (p = 0.02) relationship with farmers' awareness of toxic elements in dumpsites. Farmers' soil physicochemical knowledge further had a significant (p = 0.03) relationship with their awareness that, plants on dumpsites absorb toxic elements. Furthermore, ailments commonly associated with heavy metals as reported by farmers included skin rashes, cough, diarrhoea, and cholera. It can be concluded that although dumpsite farmers exhibit some awareness about the physicochemical properties of their soil and the risks associated with toxic heavy metals, there is still room for improvement. Despite education levels not significantly impacting awareness, targeted intervention programs are necessary to enhance understanding and address this pressing issue effectively. We recommend an implementation of a tailored educational programs for dumpsite farmers to enhance understanding of soil properties and heavy metal risks. There should be improved access to soil testing and interpretation to enable informed decision-making among farmers. Foster collaborations among stakeholders for sustainable waste management, soil remediation, and health monitoring to mitigate heavy metal contamination are also recommended.


Sujet(s)
Agriculture , Agriculteurs , Métaux lourds , Polluants du sol , Sol , Ghana , Humains , Polluants du sol/analyse , Sol/composition chimique , Métaux lourds/analyse , Installations d'élimination des déchets , Enquêtes et questionnaires , Surveillance de l'environnement
7.
PLoS One ; 19(9): e0309723, 2024.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39269966

RÉSUMÉ

Agricultural mechanization is a crucial indicator of modernization in agriculture. It improves productivity and underpins the evolution of a modern state. This study scrutinizes the enduring effects of government subsidies on farm machinery acquisition, income growth, and capital accumulation in rural households. It is based on policies about targeted poverty alleviation and rural revitalization. Research findings indicate that government subsidies have significantly increased the per capita net income of rural households. However, in the post-poverty alleviation era, for households that already possess agricultural machinery, the benefits brought by government subsidies in the early stages of the policy cycle tend to diminish over time. From 2016 to 2020, government subsidies continued to enhance the value of agricultural machinery in rural households. Their impact on ownership rates first slightly declined and then increased again. The promotional effect in 2020 was not significantly better than in 2016. When China is fighting against poverty, it is essential to encourage rural households to use their income and government subsidies to accumulate production capital. A long-term mechanism has been established to protect the achievements of poverty alleviation, promote agricultural mechanization and rural modernization, and support rural revitalization.


Sujet(s)
Agriculture , Agriculteurs , Revenu , Pauvreté , Population rurale , Chine , Humains , Agriculture/économie , Agriculture/méthodes , Financement du gouvernement , Caractéristiques familiales
8.
PLoS One ; 19(9): e0310539, 2024.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39302974

RÉSUMÉ

To guarantee the sustainable development of the biomass raw material supply chain, researchers are increasingly focusing on the issue of information asymmetry between biomass power plants and upstream supply chain members. This paper investigates the optimal information sharing strategy for a biomass power plant where farmers choose whether to encroach on the biomass feedstock supply. Using a game theory model, we analyze eight different information sharing scenarios, and the results show that when the encroachment occurs in supply chain channels, information sharing can significantly increase the profits of the entire supply chain. In this case, the power plant should share its demand information with all upstream players to promote the overall benefit of the supply chain. In contrast, when the power plant shares its information only with the middleman, it can maximize its profits, which, however, may not be conducive to the long-term stability of the supply chain. Furthermore, surprisingly, in the absence of channel encroachment, the power plant sharing information with upstream members may harm their profits. This suggests that power plants may need to consider the scope of information sharing more carefully when the farmers choose not to encroach. Finally, we also examine the impact of channel competition intensity on information sharing strategies, and find that when channel competition intensity is low, transparent demand information helps the power plant maximize expected returns. However, in a highly competitive market environment, the power plant should carefully handle information sharing with farmers to avoid damaging their profits.


Sujet(s)
Biomasse , Diffusion de l'information , Diffusion de l'information/méthodes , Centrales énergétiques , Théorie du jeu , Agriculteurs , Modèles théoriques
9.
J Safety Res ; 90: 19-30, 2024 Sep.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39251277

RÉSUMÉ

BACKGROUND: Tractors and quad bikes pose a significant risk of fatal injuries among farmers, particularly affecting older farmers. This study aimed to explore the barriers and facilitators to the adoption of machine related safety behaviors among older farmers in Irish farm settings. METHOD: Four focus groups were conducted via Zoom in February 2021. Nineteen Irish farmers from four farm types participated. The discussions were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using an inductive, reflexive thematic analysis approach. The themes identified were then mapped to the COM-B (Capability-Opportunity-Motivation) model, providing a systematic theoretical basis for designing a future intervention to reduce machine-related accidents. RESULTS: The analysis identified five inductive themes that encompassed both barriers and facilitators in farm safety practices: (1) Capability to manage competing responsibilities; (2) Characteristics of the farm and its work environment; (3) Availability and affordability of resources; (4) Prevailing sociocultural opportunities; and (5) Perceived likelihood and cost-benefit analysis in safety decision-making. These themes captured the complex interplay of capability, opportunity, and motivation in farmers' decision-making processes. The study also revealed limitations in existing interventions, such as voluntary guidelines and educational methods, in effectively addressing these barriers. CONCLUSIONS: Farmers' abilities (capability), prevailing sociocultural factors, resource availability (opportunity), and their perceived consequences and benefits (motivation) affect how safely they work with machines. The study emphasizes the need for comprehensive, theory-driven approaches that consider the interplay of capability, opportunity, and motivational factors that may support or impede machine safety. Understanding the challenges faced by Irish farmers highlights potential strategies for safety intervention, and these strategies should be co-designed with farmers and attentive to the local context. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The study provides a template for understanding farmers' perspectives using the COM-B model. The findings can inform the development of theoretically informed intervention strategies based on the Behavior Change Wheel framework.


Sujet(s)
Agriculteurs , Groupes de discussion , Humains , Agriculteurs/psychologie , Agriculteurs/statistiques et données numériques , Mâle , Femelle , Sujet âgé , Adulte d'âge moyen , Irlande , Accidents du travail/prévention et contrôle , Fermes , Agriculture , Santé au travail , Recherche qualitative , Motivation , Prise de décision
10.
J Infect Dev Ctries ; 18(8): 1249-1257, 2024 Aug 31.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39288389

RÉSUMÉ

INTRODUCTION: Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the main cause of tuberculosis in humans, accounting for numerous illnesses and thousands of fatalities globally. Data regarding the association of various risk factors and TB in livestock farmers in Pakistan is scarce. METHODOLOGY: A retrospective matched case-control study of TB cases was performed in Lahore, Pakistan to investigate the potential risk factors that lead to the development of TB in Pakistani livestock farmers. A total of 170 participants were included in the study. The case was matched with control based on neighborhood and the case-control ratio was kept 1:1. Data were statistically analyzed using R version 4.2.1. Conditional logistic regression was conducted to identify biologically and statistically plausible risk factors associated with the TB outcome among livestock farmers. RESULTS: In univariable analysis, 10 risk factors were identified (p < 0.05). Gender, age, being married, family type, living in a big family, BCG vaccination status, history of smoking, working at a cattle farm, co-housing with cattle at night, , consumption of raw milk. The multivariable model identified four risk factors i.e., consumption of raw milk (Odds Ratio [OR]: 7.7; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.95-30.68), living in big family (OR: 6.2; 95% CI: 1.25-30.82) and working at cattle farm (OR: 4.2; 95% CI: 1.08-16.56), while gender was found to be a protective factor with OR < 1 (OR: 0.06; 95% CI: 0.01-0.26). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that sociodemographic risk factors and exposure to infected cattle can influence the development of TB in farmers.


Sujet(s)
Agriculteurs , Bétail , Tuberculose , Pakistan/épidémiologie , Humains , Études rétrospectives , Mâle , Femelle , Facteurs de risque , Adulte , Animaux , Études cas-témoins , Agriculteurs/statistiques et données numériques , Adulte d'âge moyen , Tuberculose/épidémiologie , Bétail/microbiologie , Bovins , Jeune adulte , Sujet âgé , Modèles logistiques
11.
Acta Vet Scand ; 66(1): 48, 2024 Sep 11.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39261945

RÉSUMÉ

BACKGROUND: African swine fever (ASF) poses a threat to the global pig industry, leading to significant economic losses and widespread disruptions in pig farming and associated sectors. In September 2023, the first case of ASF in Swedish wild boar triggered immediate responses from authorities, including the establishment of restricted zones and culling measures. A new ASF certification programme for pig herds was initiated to improve biosecurity and proactive disease management. This survey aimed to assess the sentiments and actions of Swedish pig farmers six months post-outbreak, particularly regarding biosecurity measures. Such information is important to improve preparedness for future disease threats. A questionnaire was distributed to members of the Swedish pig producers' organisation. RESULTS: A total of 113 farmers responded (response rate 27%), with the majority considering the risk of ASF reappearing in Sweden as high. The estimated cost for connecting the farms to the ASF certification programme varied greatly, with a majority identifying cost as a substantial hurdle. While many farmers sought biosecurity advice from veterinarians, 43% had not implemented suggested measures. Over one third had not received concrete measures that would fit their farms, and 14% had not received any biosecurity advice from veterinarians at all. Discussions among farmers emphasized concerns about ASF outbreaks, transmission mechanisms, and regulatory compliance, highlighting the importance of ongoing communication and knowledge exchange to address the challenges posed by ASF effectively. Additionally, participants also mentioned the role of dense wild boar populations and shortcomings in municipal food waste management as important risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: The responding farmers expressed widespread concern about new ASF outbreaks. A majority identified cost as a substantial hurdle for joining the ASF certification programme. While many farmers consulted veterinarians for advice on biosecurity, a significant number had yet to implement suggested measures and one third had not received specific guidance suitable for their farms. Stakeholder conversations highlighted concerns about ASF outbreaks, transmission, and compliance. They also discussed the role of dense wild boar populations and issues with municipal food waste management as significant risk factors for ASF.


Sujet(s)
Peste porcine africaine , Élevage , Animaux , Suède , Suidae , Peste porcine africaine/prévention et contrôle , Peste porcine africaine/épidémiologie , Élevage/méthodes , Prévention des infections/méthodes , Enquêtes et questionnaires , Biosûreté , Fermes , Agriculteurs/psychologie , Sus scrofa , Épidémies de maladies/médecine vétérinaire , Épidémies de maladies/prévention et contrôle
12.
J Environ Manage ; 369: 122367, 2024 Oct.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39232320

RÉSUMÉ

Carbon sequestration in agricultural soils is essential for sustainable agriculture, contributing to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals and combating climate change. The Voluntary Carbon Market (VCM), designed to encourage farmers to implement sequestration practices, is a recent innovation in Europe, in contrast to the well-established American system. Consequently, there is limited understanding of farmers' intentions to participate. The study analyzes farmers' willingness to participate in VCM and the influencing factors through the Extended Theory of Planned Behavior (ETPB). For this purpose, data were collected from 241 Italian farmers located in the Sicily region and the partial least squares structural equation model (PLS-SEM) was applied. The results show that Attitude, Perceived Behavioral Control and Knowledge of VCM have a statistically significant influence on farmers' intention to participate in VCM. In contrast, Subjective Norms and Perceived Environmental Risk do not have a statistically significant influence. Our findings suggest that farmers' intention is strongly influenced by confidence in their capabilities and knowledge of the topic. This should guide policymakers and practitioners to offer extension services and technical assistance, helping farmers understand the potential of the VCM. Indeed, limited knowledge is a major barrier to participation in this initiative.


Sujet(s)
Agriculture , Agriculteurs , Intention , Agriculteurs/psychologie , Humains , Carbone , Changement climatique , Séquestration du carbone , Théorie du comportement planifié
13.
PLoS One ; 19(9): e0309675, 2024.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39226338

RÉSUMÉ

Digital technology is shaping our traditional agriculture in unprecedented ways. As a new engine to empower farmers and promote common prosperity in rural areas, the development of the digital economy can help revitalize rural industries, providing strong support for increasing industrial value-added income and farmers' income levels. Based on 676 pooled cross-section data of high-quality farmers in China Guangdong Province from 2020-2021, the article empirically examines the impact of digital technology adoption on the production and business income of high-quality farmers and explores its mechanism of action, based on theoretical analysis and using the ERM model. It is found that the use of digital technology helps to increase the income of high quality farmers in production and business, but effects vary for different income levels and different types of high quality farmers. In addition, tests of the mechanism of action suggest that the introduction of digital technologies can mitigate the negative impact of market distance on the income of high quality farmers in production and business. After applying variable substitution, model replacement, and propensity score matching (PSM) for robustness checks, the research findings still hold true. Therefore, efforts should be made to speed up the upgrading of rural digital technology and other infrastructure, increase training for high quality farmers to improve their digital literacy through multiple channels, for the better marketing of agricultural products.


Sujet(s)
Agriculture , Technologie numérique , Agriculteurs , Revenu , Humains , Agriculture/économie , Agriculture/méthodes , Chine , Population rurale , Études transversales
14.
PLoS One ; 19(9): e0308154, 2024.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39240821

RÉSUMÉ

Rapid agricultural expansion, marked by unsustainable practices, has contributed significantly to environmental degradation globally. In response to China's escalating environmental concerns, recent environmental legislation has sought to disseminate information and promote awareness of environmental preservation among residents. This study aims to investigate the influential role of citizen environmental intentions and activist environmental intentions on responsible behavior for achieving environmental performance (EP). Moreover, the moderating influence of these environmental laws on the relationship between environment-protecting intentions and behavior, with a focus on legal cognition. Utilizing a population of 3150 farmers we select 603 farmers using simple random sampling and, this study applies the theory of planned behavior within a structural equation model framework. The findings affirm that farmers' perceived behavior control, personal factors, and attitudes directly impact both citizen and activist intentions, subsequently influencing both types of environmental-oriented behavior. Notably, the study identifies a stronger inward attitude effect compared to the outward attitude in both types of farmers' intentions. Additionally, legal cognition among farmers emerges as a crucial moderator, influencing the link between environmental intentions and behavior. The results suggest that as farmers become more familiar with environmental laws, the direct effect of their intentions on environmentally oriented behavior intensifies. Hence, the legal obligations play an essential role in shaping the farmers' pro-environmental behavior. This study aligns the individual level environmental intentions with farmer's law cognition for offering interesting insights to develop and implement imminent environmental policies. Hence, this study benefits to both practitioners and policy makers' contextualizing Chinese agricultural sector.


Sujet(s)
Cognition , Agriculteurs , Intention , Humains , Agriculteurs/psychologie , Chine , Mâle , Femelle , Adulte , Adulte d'âge moyen , Conservation des ressources naturelles/législation et jurisprudence , Attitude , Agriculture/législation et jurisprudence , Environnement , Enquêtes et questionnaires
15.
PLoS One ; 19(9): e0302115, 2024.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39240837

RÉSUMÉ

In Ethiopia rice crop is considered as a strategic food security crop which is expected to contribute to ensuring food security in the country. Bennch Sheko Zone is one of the major rice growing areas in the South Western Regional State. The study was conducted with specific objectives to investigate factors affecting smallholder farmers' market supply of rice and identify constraints related to rice production in the study area. Two-stage sampling technique was employed to select 119 representative rice-producer households. Descriptive statistics and appropriate econometric models were used to analyze the collected data. Multiple linear regression model used to analyze factors affecting rice market supply. Descriptive result of the study showed, the average annual rice production at the household level was 2.8 tons, of which 70% was supplied to the market. Econometric result showed farm size owned, credit use, annual income, number of oxen owned, and quantity of rice produced were found to be significantly affecting the market supply of rice in a district. Major constraints related to rice production in the district were a lack of proper weed management practices, improved seed, proper method and time of fertilizer application, weak institutional support, disease, and post-harvest handling problems were also important. The research findings suggest that attention should be given to rice production constraints through generation and wide demonstration of demand-driven rice production and post-harvest handling technologies for increased production and productivity to have a better market supply of rice to the market and benefit smallholder farmers.


Sujet(s)
Produits agricoles , Approvisionnement en nourriture , Oryza , Éthiopie , Oryza/croissance et développement , Produits agricoles/croissance et développement , Produits agricoles/ressources et distribution , Humains , Production végétale/économie , Agriculteurs , Agriculture/économie , Agriculture/méthodes
16.
BMC Infect Dis ; 24(1): 961, 2024 Sep 12.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39266949

RÉSUMÉ

BACKGROUND: In Ethiopia, 79 million people live in soil transmitted helminths endemic areas. The Ethiopia established a National goal to eradicate STH transmission by 2025. To meet that goal, it is imperative that data is acquired on community helminth infection risk. This study examined the prevalence of STH and risk factors for infection in vegetable farmers working on Akaki River Bank, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted between November 7, 2022, and June 2023. A stratified random sampling was used to select farming households. Two hundred and sixteen farmers were enrolled in the study. Data on socio-demographic, WASH, wastewater irrigation related factors were collected by trained data collectors using a structured questionnaire. Kato-Katz concentration was utilized to detect STH. The data were entered using EpiData 3.1 and analyzed with Stata 14.0, using p-values less than 0.05 to identify significant factors. Logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors for infection. RESULTS: The prevalence of STH was 22.2% (95% CI = 13.6-27.9%), with Ascaris lumbricoides being the most common (11.1%), followed by hookworm (7.4%), and Trichuris trichiura (3.7%). Low income levels (AOR = 1.85, 95% CI = 1.25-5.99), lack of handwashing before eating (AOR = 2.25, 95% CI = 1.58 - 11.3), absence of fingernails cleanliness (AOR = 1.97, 95% CI = 1.74-39.5), not wearing shoes at work (AOR = 3.4, 95% CI = 2.98-82.2), touching the face with dirty hands (AOR = 2.9, 95% CI = 0.68-28.2), washing vegetables with irrigation wastewater (AOR = 2.1, 95% CI = 1.95-45.2), and not wearing protective clothing during farming activities (AOR = 2.99, 95% CI = 1.58 - 22.4) were the significant risk factors for infection with STH. CONCLUSION: Of the farming communities examined in this study, one of the five was found to be infected with soil transmitted helminth. This research has shown clear risk factors for STH infection including: lack of personal hygiene practices, insufficient sanitation access, and limited use of protective equipment. To achieve the national goal, there is a need for farming communities to understand preventative risks of infection, improve WASH (Water access, sanitation and hygine) practices, WASH access, protective equipment, and health education.


Sujet(s)
Agriculteurs , Helminthiase , Sol , Humains , Éthiopie/épidémiologie , Mâle , Études transversales , Facteurs de risque , Femelle , Adulte , Prévalence , Agriculteurs/statistiques et données numériques , Adulte d'âge moyen , Animaux , Sol/parasitologie , Helminthiase/épidémiologie , Helminthiase/transmission , Helminthiase/prévention et contrôle , Jeune adulte , Helminthes/isolement et purification , Légumes/parasitologie , Ascaris lombricoides/isolement et purification , Adolescent , Rivières/parasitologie
17.
J Environ Manage ; 369: 122333, 2024 Oct.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39222585

RÉSUMÉ

Water scarcity has become a serious challenge in many parts of the world due to increasing demands and the impacts of climate change. The agriculture sector globally accounts for a major portion of water consumption, yet it also holds substantial potential for water conservation. Among the most effective ways to conserve water is to cultivate low-water-demanding crops, such as medicinal plants (MPs), instead of water-demanding crops (WDC). However, the voluntary participation of farmers, largely influenced by socio-psychological drivers, is crucial for successfully implementing most water conservation programs and needs to be addressed. Therefore, the main objectives of this paper were: (1) to identify the determinants that explain farmers' intention and behavior in cultivating MPs instead of WDC; and (2) to examine the effectiveness and performance of an extended version of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) in predicting farmers' intention and behavior toward cultivating MPs by innovatively incorporating four new variables into the original TPB model: perceived barriers, moral norms, compatibility, and relative advantage. The applicability of the theoretical framework was evaluated in the Sojasroud Plain, Zanjan province, Iran. The results of the structural equation modeling revealed that: (1) farmers' intention to cultivate MPs instead of WDC is significantly influenced by perceived barriers, moral norms, subjective norms, and perceived behavior control (the strongest predictor); and (2) farmers' behavior in cultivating MPs instead of WDC is predicted by relative advantage, compatibility, and intention (the most prominent determinant). The R2 values for predicting intention and behavior were 55% and 53%, respectively. Based on the results, some practical policies were proposed to increase the cultivation of MPs in the study area.


Sujet(s)
Agriculteurs , Plantes médicinales , Agriculteurs/psychologie , Humains , Agriculture , Iran , Intention , Produits agricoles , Eau , Conservation des ressources naturelles , Préservation des ressources en eau , Théorie du comportement planifié
18.
Trop Anim Health Prod ; 56(8): 267, 2024 Sep 21.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39305331

RÉSUMÉ

Economic value (EV), sensitivity of EV and relative economic importance of milk yield (MY), age at first calving (AFC), calving interval (CI) and herd life (HL) traits were estimated for smallholder dairy cattle production in the central part of Ethiopia. The data on biological and economic parameters were collected using household interview and group discussions methods participating 238 farmers who had crossbred dairy cattle. Bio-economic model was used to calculate EV, sensitivity of EV and relative importance of EV. Cost of animal feed takes the highest share which accounted 81.35% of the total expenditure. The overall average profit per farmer expressed in Ethiopia currency (ETB, 1 US-$ = 39.55696 ETB) was 72,458.10 ± 5068 per year. Profitability of crossbred dairy cattle significantly varied (P < 0.05) between zones. Economic value estimated for MY, AFC, CI and HL in ETB were 13.38/kg, -16.19/day, -33.58/day and 79.55/day. The associated EV per additive standard deviation were 6083.62, -1311.59, -1271.05 and 117.73 ETB for MY, AFC, CI and HL, respectively. Analysis of sensitivity to scenario change (± 20%) showed that milk price had positive association with profit and EV, whereas feed price has inversely influenced both profit and EV. The profit obtained by farmers was altered by ± 29.08% and ± 12.31% as milk price and feed price fluctuated by ± 20%, respectively. Similarly, the EV of MY was changed by ± 20% with change in milk price and ± 7% with feed price. Scenario change in feed price (± 20%) has also caused ± 13.63% change on EV for AFC and ± 17.58% for CI. It can be noted that profit and EV of the traits were less sensitive to the change in price of milk, feed and labor. In general, the results of EV and profitability were encouraging for dairy farmers and the estimates can be used as an input for development of breeding program in the study area.


Sujet(s)
Industrie laitière , Lait , Éthiopie , Animaux , Bovins/physiologie , Industrie laitière/économie , Femelle , Lait/économie , Lactation , Modèles économiques , Aliment pour animaux/analyse , Aliment pour animaux/économie , Agriculteurs/psychologie
19.
BMC Public Health ; 24(1): 2571, 2024 Sep 20.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39304853

RÉSUMÉ

BACKGROUND: Agricultural workers are at risk of developing skin cancer due to prolonged exposure to the sun during their daily work. This study was conducted to determine sun protection knowledge and behaviours of agricultural workers in Turkey. METHODS: The cross-sectional study was conducted with 460 participants working in agriculture. The data were collected using a sociodemographic form, Skin Cancer and Sun Knowledge Scale and Sun Protection Behaviour Scale. The data were analysed using One Way ANOVA and Independent Samples t Test. RESULTS: Participants mean total score on the Skin Cancer and Sun Knowledge Scale was 15.24 ± 2.47 (max-min 0-25) and the mean total score on the Sun Protection Behaviour Scale was 24.10 ± 4.46 (max-min 8-40). Statistically significant disparities were observed between the SCBS, SPBS and their sub-divisions along with the working period, age, marital status, gender, level of education, income status, skin type and agricultural working status of the participants (p < .05). CONCLUSION: The study found that people working in the agriculture had inadequate sun protection behaviours and knowledge. Based on the study's results, it is proposed to create intervention programmes that specifically target single, male, middle-aged or older individuals with extended working hours and low levels of education and income.


Sujet(s)
Agriculteurs , Connaissances, attitudes et pratiques en santé , Humains , Études transversales , Turquie , Mâle , Femelle , Adulte , Agriculteurs/psychologie , Agriculteurs/statistiques et données numériques , Adulte d'âge moyen , Tumeurs cutanées/prévention et contrôle , Produits antisolaires/administration et posologie , Jeune adulte , Comportement en matière de santé , Lumière du soleil/effets indésirables , Enquêtes et questionnaires , Adolescent
20.
Prog Community Health Partnersh ; 18(3): 363-370, 2024.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39308380

RÉSUMÉ

BACKGROUND: Health care access for migrant farmworkers is limited given the nature of seasonal farm work, including migration patterns, capacity, and availability of local community health services. Consideration of these contextual elements when exploring a community-academic partnership to increase access to care for migrant farmworkers is essential. OBJECTIVE: Explore the partnerships and processes for integrating nursing faculty and students from a regional public university's school of nursing into a farmworker health outreach program's mobile clinic process. METHODS: A feasibility study was undertaken using Bowen et al.'s feasibility framework. RESULTS: Integrating faculty and students into the farmworker health outreach program's mobile clinic process was determined to be feasible. CONCLUSIONS: Integrating faculty providers and students into a farmworker outreach program's mobile health process has several nuances requiring consideration before operationalizing the partnership, including nursing faculty practice (e.g., credentialing, malpractice insurance), student clinical placement processes, the farmworker outreach program's processes, and farmworker availability.


Sujet(s)
Relations communauté-institution , Agriculteurs , Études de faisabilité , Accessibilité des services de santé , Population de passage et migrants , Humains , Accessibilité des services de santé/organisation et administration , Unités sanitaires mobiles/organisation et administration , Recherche participative basée sur la communauté/organisation et administration
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