Peritoneal fluid analysis of the newborn calves with intestinal atresia - a clinical approach

Background: Anomalies and fetal problems are encountered in all animals. Intestinal atresia is a congenitalanomaly of both humans and animals. Intestinal atresia has four morphological types, and they can be observedin jejunum, ileum, cecum, colon, rectum and anus (type I: mucosal atresia, type II: atretic ends separated byfibrous cord, type III: atretic ends separated by a “V” shaped mesenteric gap or atretic end coil like an “applepeel”, type IV: multiple atresia). In calves, it is also commonly encountered; it is still a question to be repliedabout the exact prognosis of the patients with intestinal atresia. Thus, the main objective of the present studywas to evaluate peritoneal fluid analysis results of calves with intestinal atresia.Materials, Methods & Results: Twenty-two calves were presented with abdominal distension and lack ofdefecation. Clinical and radiological findings pointed out the intestinal atresia. Blood samples were collectedfor routine hematological and serum total protein (TP) analysis. Peritoneal fluids were aspirated with steriletechnique from the caudal abdomen, and biochemical features, cell contents and microbiological cultures ofthe peritoneal fluids were analyzed. Following to preoperative, surgical and necropsy findings, intestinal atresiawere diagnosed as type II, III and IV in calves. Neutrophilic leukocytosis was observed in calves with type IVintestinal atresia. Red blood cells and platelet counts were determined in the peritoneal fluids. TP and densityvalues of the peritoneal fluid were high in all cases. These results pointed the presence of the acute infection andperitonitis. Statistical comparison of each parameter showed that there was no significant difference betweenthe types of intestinal atresia. Microbiologically, fecal origin bacteria were cultured in 12 calves.Discussion: In general, four types of intestinal atresia are encountered in calves, and all types...(AU)

Peritoneal fluid analysis of the newborn calves with intestinal atresia - a clinical approach

Background: Anomalies and fetal problems are encountered in all animals. Intestinal atresia is a congenitalanomaly of both humans and animals. Intestinal atresia has four morphological types, and they can be observedin jejunum, ileum, cecum, colon, rectum and anus (type I: mucosal atresia, type II: atretic ends separated byfibrous cord, type III: atretic ends separated by a “V” shaped mesenteric gap or atretic end coil like an “applepeel”, type IV: multiple atresia). In calves, it is also commonly encountered; it is still a question to be repliedabout the exact prognosis of the patients with intestinal atresia. Thus, the main objective of the present studywas to evaluate peritoneal fluid analysis results of calves with intestinal atresia.Materials, Methods & Results: Twenty-two calves were presented with abdominal distension and lack ofdefecation. Clinical and radiological findings pointed out the intestinal atresia. Blood samples were collectedfor routine hematological and serum total protein (TP) analysis. Peritoneal fluids were aspirated with steriletechnique from the caudal abdomen, and biochemical features, cell contents and microbiological cultures ofthe peritoneal fluids were analyzed. Following to preoperative, surgical and necropsy findings, intestinal atresiawere diagnosed as type II, III and IV in calves. Neutrophilic leukocytosis was observed in calves with type IVintestinal atresia. Red blood cells and platelet counts were determined in the peritoneal fluids. TP and densityvalues of the peritoneal fluid were high in all cases. These results pointed the presence of the acute infection andperitonitis. Statistical comparison of each parameter showed that there was no significant difference betweenthe types of intestinal atresia. Microbiologically, fecal origin bacteria were cultured in 12 calves.Discussion: In general, four types of intestinal atresia are encountered in calves, and all types...

Hematologic, blood gas, cardiac biomarkers and serum biochemical parameters in calves with atresia coli and theirs relationship with prognosis

Background: Atresia coli is an intestinal anomaly. Generally, absence of defecation in calves less than 10 days old, diminishing appetite, progressing abdominal distention and time-developing depression are reported in atresia coli. Although a calf consumes its milk normally in first days, loss of appetite develops over time. Occasional minor pain indications are observed. The objective of this study was to evaluate of hematologic, blood gases, cardiac biomarkers and serum biochemical parameters before operation in calves with atresia coli, and to investigate relationship with prognosis of these parameters.Materials, Methods & Results: Thirty calves with atresia coli and 6 healthy calves for control were used as material. Poor suction reflex, anorexia, dehydration, abdomen-kicking, frequent leg movement, abdominal distension and depression were observed in calves brought to the clinic. Some calves presented swashing sound depending on content of intestines when abdomen was shaken. Intestine atresia was diagnosed by history and clinical examination. After clinical examination, operation was performed. All calves were observed during 10 days after operation. Fifteen of 30 calves died during 10 days after operation. The blood lactate, WBC, LDH and CK-MB levels in non-surviving calves with atresia coli were significantly higher compared to control calves. The venous blood pH level was significantly lower in non-surviving calves compared to surviving calves. In addition, when compared to the control group, the blood pCO2 level was significantly higher in non-surviving and surviving calves with atresia coli while the pO2 and O2 saturation levels were significantly lower.Discussion: In calves with intestinal atresia, hematologic parameters are normal in first 48 h of disease. However, leukocytosis and shift to the left have been reported over time. However, leukocytosis due to peritonitis, bacterial overgrowth, etc. have been reported over time.[...]

Hematologic, blood gas, cardiac biomarkers and serum biochemical parameters in calves with atresia coli and theirs relationship with prognosis

Background: Atresia coli is an intestinal anomaly. Generally, absence of defecation in calves less than 10 days old, diminishing appetite, progressing abdominal distention and time-developing depression are reported in atresia coli. Although a calf consumes its milk normally in first days, loss of appetite develops over time. Occasional minor pain indications are observed. The objective of this study was to evaluate of hematologic, blood gases, cardiac biomarkers and serum biochemical parameters before operation in calves with atresia coli, and to investigate relationship with prognosis of these parameters.Materials, Methods & Results: Thirty calves with atresia coli and 6 healthy calves for control were used as material. Poor suction reflex, anorexia, dehydration, abdomen-kicking, frequent leg movement, abdominal distension and depression were observed in calves brought to the clinic. Some calves presented swashing sound depending on content of intestines when abdomen was shaken. Intestine atresia was diagnosed by history and clinical examination. After clinical examination, operation was performed. All calves were observed during 10 days after operation. Fifteen of 30 calves died during 10 days after operation. The blood lactate, WBC, LDH and CK-MB levels in non-surviving calves with atresia coli were significantly higher compared to control calves. The venous blood pH level was significantly lower in non-surviving calves compared to surviving calves. In addition, when compared to the control group, the blood pCO2 level was significantly higher in non-surviving and surviving calves with atresia coli while the pO2 and O2 saturation levels were significantly lower.Discussion: In calves with intestinal atresia, hematologic parameters are normal in first 48 h of disease. However, leukocytosis and shift to the left have been reported over time. However, leukocytosis due to peritonitis, bacterial overgrowth, etc. have been reported over time.[...](AU)

Polihidrâmnio decorrente de atresia intestinal fetal diagnosticado por ultrassonografia em cadela no terço final da gestação / Polyhydramnios due to fetal intestinal atresia diagnosed by ultrasound in bitch in the final third of pregnancy

This paper reports a case of a bitch diagnosed with polyhidrammnio by ultrasonography due to fetalintestinal atresia in the third trimester of pregnancy. The flow in umbilical artery presented parabolic profile,high strength, measured at 27,5cm/s and 0.69 resistance index (RI), counteracting to normal between 54,3cm/sand RI=0,34cm/s. It was verified duodenal‘s peristalsis and gastric dilatation and proximal duodenal dilatation.A high resistivity was measured, this is indicative of suffering and fetal hypoxia thats why surgery withstabilized bitch was indicated.(AU)

Polihidrâmnio decorrente de atresia intestinal fetal diagnosticado por ultrassonografia em cadela no terço final da gestação / Polyhydramnios due to fetal intestinal atresia diagnosed by ultrasound in bitch in the final third of pregnancy

This paper reports a case of a bitch diagnosed with polyhidrammnio by ultrasonography due to fetalintestinal atresia in the third trimester of pregnancy. The flow in umbilical artery presented parabolic profile,high strength, measured at 27,5cm/s and 0.69 resistance index (RI), counteracting to normal between 54,3cm/sand RI=0,34cm/s. It was verified duodenal‘s peristalsis and gastric dilatation and proximal duodenal dilatation.A high resistivity was measured, this is indicative of suffering and fetal hypoxia that’s why surgery withstabilized bitch was indicated.