[Dietary diversity, anthropometric status and biochemical profile of centenarians of the Nicoya Peninsula, Costa Rica, and their offspring]. / Diversidad dietética, estado antropométrico y perfil bioquímico de centenarios de la Península de Nicoya, Costa Rica, y su descendencia.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Social relationships, physical activity and diet have been proposed as responsible for longevity; however, many of these conditions have changed in modern societies. The objective of this study was to identify if the anthropometric status, biochemical profile and diet of Nicoyan centenarians is different from that of their decency and if the quality and diversity of the diet of these Costa Ricans differs from that of adults from urban areas of the same country. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Anthropometric, biochemical and dietary assessments were carried out on 120 adults residing in the Nicoya Peninsula, including centenarians, their children and grandchildren. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. RESULTS: There is a significantly lower percentage of excess weight, central adiposity and blood lipids in Nicoyan centenarians compared to their children and grandchildren. The consumption of «Dairy¼ and «Other fruits¼ is higher in centenarians than in their descendants. Centenarians showed a higher dietary diversity index (DDI) compared to other age categories, and they also showed a higher DDI and a significantly more diverse diet than the urban population of Costa Rica. CONCLUSION: Nicoyan centenarians presented a better lipid and glycemic profile than their offspring, they have lower weight and a better quality and diversity of diet than their relatives and than adults from the urban area of Costa Rica.

Global Research on Centenarians: A Historical and Comprehensive Bibliometric Analysis from 1887 to 2023.

BACKGROUND: Centenarians are considered the most successful human biological aging model. However, the characteristics and patterns of research among centenarians have not been described or analyzed. Thus, this study aimed to disclose the historical landscape of global research on centenarians. METHODS: This bibliometric study investigated historical evidence on centenarian research published in the Scopus database. The bibliometrix package in R was used to perform visual and quantitative analyses of research metrics, trends, and patterns. RESULTS: Of the 2,061 documents included between 1887 and 2023, 84.2% (n=1,736) were published as articles with primary data. We identified international collaboration and annual growth rates of 21.4% and 3.15%, respectively. The United States published the highest number of papers on centenarians (n=786), whereas the publications from Italy had the highest impact (h-index of 90). Based on the frequency of keywords, mortality, genetics, dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and immunosenescence are a few of the most studied topics among centenarians, with emerging research related to mitochondrial DNA and comparison of results between nonagenarians and centenarians. Italy, the United States, and China lead the global research collaboration network, collaborating most frequently with Japan and European countries. CONCLUSION: Global research on centenarians has grown over the last 20 years, primarily led by Italy, the United States, and China. Latin American and African countries have conducted little or no research on centenarians. The most widely studied topics include mortality, cognition, immunosenescence, and genetics.

Reduced Handgrip Strength Is Associated with 1 Year-Mortality in Brazilian Frail Nonagenarians and Centenarians.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between handgrip strength and mortality in Brazilian frail nonagenarians and centenarians. Eighty-one oldest old were included (mean age [SD]: 94.2 [3.8] years). Data on strength was assessed by handgrip strength. Mortality rate of the participants was evaluated at 1-year follow-up after the functional assessment. A logistic regression analysis was used to assess differences in categories of handgrip strength between groups regarding the mortality rate. Forty-six participants (56.8%) had reduced handgrip strength. After 1 year, there were 16 deaths. Those older adults with a low handgrip strength had higher prevalence (28.3% vs. 8.6%) and increased risk of mortality than those with preserved handgrip strength (Odds ratio=4.4, confidence interval 95% 1.1, 18.4) (p=0.042). Reduced handgrip strength is associated with higher mortality rate at 1-year follow-up in Brazilian frail nonagenarians and centenarians.

Immunosenescence and inflammatory markers in Cuban centenarians: implications for survival.

Centenarians are the best example of successful aging in humans. This work aimed to understand if immune status is associated with survival in Cuban centenarians. In a previous study, our group enrolled 43 centenarians and evaluated their immune status and functional capacity. 41 out of 43 recruited centenarians received follow-up phone calls, during a period of 2 years. Absolute CD4 + T cell count was higher among survivors, while the frequency of CD8 + CCR7-CD45RA + , CD8 + CD45RA + CD28-, and CD4 + CD28- T cells was higher among non-survivors. We also found that higher frequencies of terminally differentiated T cells were related to a higher risk of death, while centenarians with higher frequencies of T cells were more likely to survive. Surprisingly, neither serum inflammatory markers nor frailty/dependency was associated with survival. Our preliminary study suggests that immuno-senescence markers, but not inflammaging or functional capacity, are associated with survival beyond 100 years in a small group of Cuban centenarians.

Association among Terminally Differentiated T Cells, Frailty, and Dependency in a Group of Cuban Centenarians.

INTRODUCTION: Centenarians are considered a model of successful aging. Cuba exhibits one of the oldest populations in Latin America with more than two thousand centenarians. METHODS: This study aimed to evaluate the immune phenotype of forty-three Cuban centenarians, their clinical characteristics such as comorbidities, frailty, body mass index, and some hemochemical parameters. RESULTS: Centenarians had normal body mass indexes, relatively good health status, and 21.95% of them had no comorbidities; 53.6% were classified as frail, and 7% were classified as robust. In addition, 17% of centenarians were independent, and 41.46% were moderately dependent. The seroprevalence against cytomegalovirus was 100%. Concerning pro-inflammatory markers, the majority of them had very low cytokine levels and serum C-reactive protein around the normal limit. We also found the predominance of memory subsets over naive compartments in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Terminally differentiated CD8+CD28- T cells were higher in frail centenarians than in pre-frail, while CD8+CD57+ and CD8+EMRA T cells were higher in moderately and severely dependent individuals than in independent individuals. Severely dependent centenarians had a lower CD4+/CD8+ ratio. CONCLUSION: This study describes for the first time the predominance of memory subsets over naive compartments in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, as well as its relation to frailty and/or dependency in a group of Cuban centenarians. Further studies are needed to continue understanding the natural biological aging mechanism and the relationship between terminally differentiated lymphocytes and inflammaging in the context of extreme longevity.

Relación entre manifestaciones neurológicas y severidad de la COVID-19. Hospital San Vicente de Paúl. Ecuador 2021 / Relationship between neurological manifestations and severity of COVID-19. San Vicente de Paul Hospital. Ecuador 2021

Introducción: El SARS-CoV-2 afecta principalmente al sistema respiratorio, pero el daño producido por este virus también se extiende a otros sistemas, incluido el sistema nervioso, y los mecanismos de infección neurológica pueden ser directos o indirectos. Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre las manifestaciones neurológicas y la severidad de la enfermedad en pacientes sintomáticos positivos a la COVID-19. Hospital San Vicente de Paúl. 2021. Material y Métodos: Estudio observacional de corte transversal, empleando el registro de historias clínicas de los pacientes hospitalizados con la COVID-19 y manifestaciones neurológicas, las cuales se clasificaron en manifestaciones del sistema nervioso central y manifestaciones del sistema nervioso periférico. Resultados: 74,1 por ciento pacientes presentaron manifestaciones neurológicas, el mayor porcentaje se concentró en pacientes que desarrollaron enfermedad grave (15 [60 por ciento], SNC; 91 [77,1 por ciento], SNP; 125 [65,4 por ciento], SNC y SNP). La presencia conjunta de manifestaciones neurológicas centrales y periféricas se asoció significativamente con la COVID-19 crítica (P valor= 0,011; OR: 2,005). El índice de mortalidad alcanzó 2,69 por ciento. Conclusiones: Las manifestaciones neurológicas en pacientes hospitalizados con la COVID-19 son muy frecuentes, y la COVID-19 crítica tiene mayor probabilidad de presentar manifestaciones neurológicas(AU)

Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 mainly affects the respiratory system, but the damage caused by this virus also extends to other systems, including the nervous system, and the mechanisms of neurological infection can be direct or indirect. Objective: To determine the relationship between neurological manifestations and disease severity in symptomatic COVID-19 positive patients at San Vicente de Paul Hospital in 2021. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted using medical records of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 and neurological manifestations, which were classified into manifestations of the central nervous system and manifestations of the peripheral nervous system. Results: The results show that 74,1 percent of patients presented neurological manifestations; the highest percentage was concentrated in patients who developed severe disease (15 [60 percent], CNS; 91 [77,1 percent], PNS; 125 [65,4 percent], CNS and PNS). The joint presence of central and peripheral neurological manifestations was significantly associated with critical COVID-19 (P value= 0,011; OR: 2,005). The mortality rate reached 2,69 percent. Conclusions: Neurological manifestations in hospitalized COVID-19 patients are very common, and critical COVID-19 is more likely to have neurological manifestations(AU)

Frailty and physical activity in centenarians: a systematic review

There is a lack of studies evaluating frailty and physical activity in people aged 100 years or older. This review aimed to synthesize the evidence on frailty and physical activity in centenarians. A systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. We searched the PubMed, CINAHL, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Lilacs databases for articles published until 18 June 2020. This review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020162913). Five studies were included in this review according to the eligibility and exclusion criteria. In summary, the reviewed studies show that centenarians are fragile and that frailty increases with age; however, women are frailer than men. The most common frailty criteria were low physical activity level (78% to 72.5%), muscle weakness (84.2% to 66%), and slow walking speed (77.6% to 48.4%). Most centenarians perform less exercise than younger older adults, have a low physical activity level, live in nursing homes, and exhibit functional disability. Regarding the methodological quality of the studies, one article was classified as regular and the other four as poor. Frailty and a low physical activity level are common in centenarians. Experimental studies with better methodological quality are necessary to better understand the causal relationship between variables.

Factores asociados a la salud y el bienestar en adultos mayores centenarios / Factors associated with health and well-being in centenarian older adults

Introducción: Con el aumento del nivel de vida y la mejora de los sistemas de salud no es raro alcanzar edades extremas de la vida. A inicios del año 2019, en la provincia Pinar del Río, se declararon 109 centenarios; de ellos, 9 correspondían al municipio Los Palacios, donde se mostró un incremento de 3 individuos en comparación con el año precedente. Objetivo: Caracterizar clínica y funcionalmente a los adultos mayores centenarios del territorio. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal en el municipio Los Palacios en el período enero-marzo de 2019. Población objeto de estudio: 9 centenarios, a quienes se les aplicó una encuesta estructurada, el índice de Katz y el test de calidad de vida MGH. Se respetaron los criterios de inclusión y los principios de la ética médica. Resultados: Predominó la edad entre 100 y 104 años, el sexo masculino, el color de la piel blanca, la viudez, la convivencia con los hijos, el consumo de café y el déficit sensorial. Todos realizaron actividad física y sus hábitos alimenticios fueron saludables a lo largo de la vida. La mayoría no tuvo criterio de polifarmacia. En la evaluación funcional se analizó la calidad de vida y las alteraciones en las actividades básicas de la vida diaria. Conclusiones: El envejecimiento exitoso en las personas centenarias se caracterizó por tener buena salud percibida y cognitiva, mantener una actitud optimista ante la vida, buena red de apoyo social familiar, antecedentes de familiares longevos y estilos de vida saludables(AU)

Introduction: With the increase in living standards and the improvement of health systems, it is not unusual to reach extreme ages of life. At the beginning of 2019, in Pinar del Río Province, 109 centenarians were reported; of them, 9 belonged to Los Palacios Municipality, where there was an increase of 3 individuals compared to the previous year. Objective: To characterize clinically and functionally the centenarian adults from the territory. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive and observational study was carried out in Los Palacios Municipality, in the period from January to March 2019. The study population consisted of 9 centenarians, to whom a structured survey was applied: Katz index and MGH quality of life test. The inclusion criteria and the principles of medical ethics were respected. Results: There was a predominance of ages 100-104 years, the male sex, white skin color, widowhood, the condition of sharing house with children, coffee consumption and sensory deficit. All the patients did physical activity and their eating habits were healthy throughout life. Most of them did not have polypharmacy criteria. Regarding their functional assessment, quality of life and alterations in basic activities of daily life were analyzed. Conclusions: Successful aging in centenarians showed that they have good health, both cognitive and perceived, maintain an optimistic attitude towards life, have a good family social support network, a history of long-lived family members, and healthy lifestyles(AU)

Centenarian caregivers: perception of burden, sociodemographic data and physical activity

This study aimed to understand centenarian caregivers' perception of care burden according to sociodemographic characteristics and physical activity level. This is a descriptive study that used a mixed data (quantitative and qualitative) approach. Sixty-seven caregivers of centenarians from municipalities in Santa Catarina participated in this study. Interviews were held for application of questions about sociodemographic data, transport-related and leisure-time physical activity, caregiver burden, and suggestions for improving care. The data were collected in the centenarian's home where the caregiver worked. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics and qualitative data by content analysis. The results showed that 58.2% of the caregivers were overburdened. Of these, 92.3% were females, 56.4% were 60-75 years old, 48.7% had 7 to 11 years of schooling, 53.8% were married, 66.7% were children of centenarians, the caregiving duration ranged from 1 to 5 years in 35.9%, and 69.2% cared for the older adult 24 hours/day. There was a statistically significant difference (p = 0.01) between the level of leisure-time physical activity and caregiving burden, with 64.9% of insufficiently active caregivers tending to be overburdened with the care demand. The suggestions of caregivers for improving centenarian care included having help from health professionals and relatives for care, infrastructure, and financial resources. Most burdened caregivers are insufficiently active and need assistance in taking care of their own health.

Grip strength is a strong predictor of survival in nonagenarians and centenarians / Força de preensão palmar e sobrevivência em nonagenários e centenários

Objectives: To understand the importance of hand grip strength (HGS) as a survival predictor in nonagenarians and centenarians. Methods: Longitudinal, observational and analytical study, using HGS measurements obtained during a first evaluation performed in 2016. Participants were nonagenarians and centenarians, randomly selected in various neighborhoods of Porto Alegre (RS) and evaluated in their homes. The time elapsed between the first evaluation and the date of death or last contact (for survivors) was used to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) using survival analysis on simple and adjusted Cox regression models. Results: The sample comprised 212 participants (155 women), of whom 83 (39%) died during follow-up (until August 30, 2019). Using the lowest quartile (25%) for HGS, participants with < 10 kgf for women and 17 kgf for men were considered to have poor HGS performance. In the simple regression model, participants with lower HGS presented a HR of 2.75 (1.76­4.30, p < 0.001) for death. Also in the simple model, participants aged between 90 and 94 years old presented an HR of 0.37 (0.16­0.85, p = 0.019) compared to those aged 100 or older. In the adjusted model, age lost its significance in the presence of HGS. The following were significant predictors in both simple and adjusted models: cognitive performance, calf circumference, ability to participate in social activities, shop, and prepare meals alone, performance in the Timed Up and Go test, and ease to perform activities requiring upper limb strength. Conclusions: HGS was an important independent and modifiable predictor of survival among nonagenarians and centenarians.

Objetivos: Compreender a importância da força de preensão palmar (FPP) como preditor em nonagenários e centenários. Metodologia: Estudo, longitudinal, observacional e analítico, utilizando os resultados da FPP medidos na primeira avaliação realizada em 2016. Os participantes eram nonagenários e centenários, selecionados aleatoriamente em vários bairros de Porto Alegre (RS) e avaliados em suas residências. Os participantes com 10 kgf para mulheres e 17 kgf para homens foram considerados com menor desempenho da FPP. O tempo entre a primeira avaliação e a data do óbito ou último contato (entre sobreviventes) foi calculado para avaliar a Razão de Dano (RD) usando análise de sobrevida por modelos simples e ajustados da Regressão de Cox. Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 212 participantes, 155 mulheres, 83 (39%) faleceram durante acompanhamento (até 30 de agosto de 2019). Na regressão simples, os participantes com menor desempenho na FPP apresentaram RD de 2,75 (1,76 ­ 4,30, p < 0,001). No modelo simples, participantes com idade entre 90 e 94 anos, apresentaram RD de 0,37 (0,16 ­ 0,85, p = 0,019) em relação aos centenários. No modelo ajustado, a idade perdeu sua significância na presença da FPP. Foram preditores significativos nos modelos simples e ajustados: desempenho cognitivo, circunferência da panturrilha, ser capaz de participar de atividades sociais e fazer compras e preparar refeições sozinho, desempenho no teste Timed Up and Go, e a facilidade para realizar atividades que exijam membros superiores. Conclusões: Concluímos que a FPP foi um importante preditor independente de sobrevida entre nonagenários e centenários, o que poderia ser melhorado por uma intervenção clínica.

The relationship between sleep and physical activity in nonagenarians and centenarians / Relação entre sono e atividade física em nonagenários e centenários

OBJECTIVE: Since the relationship between physical activity and sleep quality has been poorly studied in nonagenarians and centenarians, this study sought to relate the sleep quality and physical activity in this age group. METHODS: This is a secondary analysis of the initial assessment of a longitudinal study involving nonagenarians and centenarians in Porto Alegre, Brazil, which included physical activity (yes or no) and sleep quality (altered or normal). The chi-square test, adjusted by logistic regression, was used to investigate the relationship between sleep quality, physical activity, and sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. RESULTS: Among the 233 participants, 26% were physically active and 53% reported altered sleep. Higher frequencies of physical activity and normal sleep occurred in men (36%, p = 0.02 and 54%, p = 0.18), in those living with a caregiver (42%, p = 0.09 and 58, p = 0.51), in those with high school or higher education (33%, p = 0.44 and 58%, p = 0.07), and in those with excellent or good self-perceived health (31%, p = 0.03 and 51%, p = 0.16). Physical activity was lower among those who reported apathy and drowsiness (83%, p = 0.03) and in those who had difficulty falling asleep (66%, p = 0.05). In the adjusted analysis, only education remained significant (p = 0.02, when comparing high school or higher with illiteracy; odds ratio: 3.91 confidence interval 1.18-12.90, p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: We observed a low frequency of physical activity and a high prevalence of altered sleep patterns in nonagenarians and centenarians. Factors related greater physical activity were also associated with better sleep quality. High school or higher education was a significant and independent predictor of good sleep quality in nonagenarians and centenarians.

OBJETIVOS: A relação entre atividade física e qualidade do sono é pouco estudada em nonagenários e centenários. Portanto, o presente trabalho busca relacionar a qualidade do sono com a atividade física nessas faixas etárias. METODOLOGIA: Estudo transversal na linha de base de uma coorte longitudinal envolvendo nonagenários e centenários em Porto Alegre (RS), que incluiu atividade física (realiza ou não) e qualidade de sono (alterado e normal). A relação entre qualidade do sono e atividade física e características sociodemográficas e clínicas foi testada pelo χ2 , com análise ajustada pela regressão logística. RESULTADOS: Entre os 233 participantes, 26% realizavam atividade física e 53% referiam sono alterado. Maiores frequências de atividade física e de sono normal foram vistas em homens (36%, p = 0,02 e 54%, p = 0,18), residindo com cuidador (42%, p = 0,09 e 58%, p = 0,51), com ensino médio ou superior (33%, p = 0,44 e 58%, p = 0,07) e ótima ou boa autopercepção de saúde (31%, p = 0,03 e 51%, p = 0,16). A prática de atividade física foi menor entre os apáticos e sonolentos (83%, p = 0,03) e aqueles com dificuldade de iniciar o sono (66%, p = 0,05). Na análise ajustada, apenas a escolaridade se manteve significativa (razão de chance de 3,91 com intervalo de confiança de 1,18 ­ 12,90, p = 0,02). CONCLUSÕES: Os nonagenários e centenários apresentaram baixa frequência de atividade física e alta prevalência de sono alterado. Fatores relacionados à maior frequência de atividade física também apresentavam melhor qualidade do sono. Ter nível de escolaridade secundário ou superior foi um fator preditivo de boa qualidade do sono em nonagenários e centenários

Força de preensão manual e velocidade máxima da caminhada de acordo com o nível de atividade física e o sexo de centenários / Handgrip strenght and maximum walking speed according to the physical activity and sex of centenarians

Objetivo: comparar a força de preensão manual (FPM) e a velocidade máxima da caminhada de acordo com o nível de atividade física (NAF) e o sexo em idosos centenários. Método: participaram do estudo 48 centenários (101,73±2,52 anos), sendo 29 mulheres e19 homens. Dados sociodemográficos, de saúde e hábitos de vida foram analisados por meio do Protocolo de Avaliação Multidimensional do Idoso Centenário ­ PAMIC. A FPM foi mensurada por meio de dinamômetro, o NAF por meio de pedômetro e a velocidade máxima da caminhada por meio de teste físico. Foram classificados como centenários ativos os que atingiram no mínimo 1.000 passos/semana e como insuficientemente ativos aqueles abaixo deste valor. O nível de significância adotado foi de 5%. Resultados: centenários do sexo masculino apresentaram maior FPM direita (17,47±6,94kgf) e esquerda (16,63±6,28kgf) quando comparados ao sexo feminino (11,90±4,84kgf; 10,48±5,00kgf) (p<0,05). Quando analisados de acordo com o NAF, centenários ativos apresentaram maior FPM direita (22,86±8,01 kgf) e esquerda (22,14±5,55kgf) em comparação aos insuficientemente ativos (14,33±3,82kgf; 13,42±4,14kgf) (p<0,05). Para o sexo feminino, a FPM direita foi maior nas centenárias ativas (15,75±4,68kgf) quando comparadas às insuficientemente ativas (10,43±4,12kgf) (p=0,006). Na FPM esquerda, o grupo ativo apresentou maior valor médio (14,00±4,63 kgf) em comparação ao grupo insuficientemente ativo (9,14±4,55kgf) (p=0,017). A velocidade máxima da caminhada não apresentou diferença significativa de acordo com o NAF ou o sexo dos idosos. Conclusão: o estudo evidencia que a atividade física está intimamente relacionada a melhores valores de FPM, indicando que idosos centenários ativos possuem melhor força corporal global.(AU)

Aim: to compare the handgrip strength (HGS) and the maximum walking speed according to the level of physical activity (PA) and sex in elderly centenarians. Method: 48 centenarians (101.73 ± 2.52 years old) participated in the study, 29 women and 19 men. Sociodemographic, health, and lifestyle data were analyzed using the Multidimensional Assessment Protocol for the Elderly Centenary ­ PAMIC. HGS was measured using a dynamometer, PA utilizing a pedometer, and the maximum gait speed through a physical test. Those who reached at least 1,000 steps/week were classified as active centenarians and those below this value as insufficiently active. The level of significance adopted was 5%. Results: centenarians of the male sex had higher HGS on the right (17.47 ± 6.94kgf) and left (16.63 ± 6.28kgf) when compared to the female sex (11.90 ± 4.84kgf; 10.48 ± 5, 00kgf) (p<0.05). When analyzed according to PA, active centenarians had a higher right (22.86 ± 8.01 kgf) and left (22.14 ± 5.55kgf) HGS compared to insufficiently active (14.33 ± 3.82kgf; 13, 42 ± 4.14 kgf) (p <0.05). For females, the right HGS was higher in active centenarians (15.75 ± 4.68kgf) when compared to insufficiently active women (10.43 ± 4.12kgf) (p = 0.006). In the left HGS, the active group had a higher mean value (14.00 ± 4.63 kgf) compared to the insufficiently active group (9.14 ± 4.55kgf) (p = 0.017). The maximum gait speed did not show any significant difference according to PA or the gender of the elderly. Conclusion: the study shows that physical activity is closely related to better values of HGS, indicating that active elderly centenarians have better overall body strength.(AU)

Fractura de cadera y artroplastia en adulta mayor centenaria. Reporte de caso y revisión de literatura / Hip fracture and arthroplasty in centenary elderly. Case report and literature review

La fractura de cadera es una patología cuya incidencia ha aumentado drásticamente en proporción al aumento de la población adulta mayor. En los últimos años, los longevos superan los 100 años y son ellos quienes mayoritariamente presentan esta urgencia trauma-tológica, que casi en la totalidad de los casos se presenta posterior a caídas de bajo impacto y requieren resolución quirúrgica. A continuación, se presenta el caso de una paciente femenina centenaria con fractura de cadera que fue sometida a manejo quirúrgico con posterior recuperación funcional parcial. Se resalta que la edad no es una contraindicación quirúrgica.

Hip fracture is a pathology whose incidence has increased dramatically accordingly with population aging. In recent years, the long-lived have exceeded 100 years. They are who mostly present this traumatic emergency, which almost in all cases occurs after low-impact falls and requires surgical resolution.We expose the case of a centennial female patient presenting with a hip fracture and undergoing surgical orthopaedic repair. She had a partial functional recovery. Our review shows that age is not a surgical contraindication.

Eu, centenário, vaqueiro do sertão - Histórias sobre a verdade de envelhecer / Me, a centennial countryside cowboy - Stories about the truth of aging / Yo, el centenario, un vaquero del sertão - Historias sobre la verdad de envejecer

Revela-se, a seguir, a narrativa de vida de um vaqueiro centenário, a partir de entrevistas realizadas em Tracupá, sertão nordestino - Bahia, Brasil. Trata-se de dar visibilidade às formas de apropriação da realidade investidas por Seu Rael, 101 anos, com ênfase no seu trabalho, lazer, memória e cotidiano. Ao final, a simples e extraordinária história de vida desse vaqueiro é colocada em paralelo com as dificuldades do quadro de saberes e poderes sobre o envelhecimento contemporâneo, que insiste em não tratar o envelhecer como coroamento do viver.

The life narrative of a centennial cowboy is herein revealed, based on interviews conducted in Tracupá, northeastern countryside of Bahia, Brazil. It is about giving visibility to the ways of appropriation of reality, invested by Mr. Rael, 101 years old, with emphasis on his work, leisure, memory and daily life. In the end, this simple and extraordinary life story of this cowboy is placed in parallel with the difficulties arising from the knowledge and powers framework on contemporary aging, which insists on not addressing aging as a crowning of living.

La narración de la vida de un vaquero centenario se revela a continuación, en base a entrevistas realizadas en Tracupá, en el noreste del país - Bahía, Brasil. Se trata de dar visibilidad a las formas de apropiación de la realidad invertidas por Seu Rael, de 101 años, con énfasis en su trabajo, ocio, memoria y vida cotidiana. Al final, la historia de vida simple y extraordinaria de este vaquero se coloca en paralelo con las dificultades del marco de conocimiento y poderes sobre el envejecimiento contemporáneo, que insiste en no tratar el envejecimiento como la corona de la vida.

Níveis de fragilidade de idosos e sua associação com as características sociodemográficas / Niveles de fragilidad de ancianos y su asociación con las características sociodemográficas / Frailty levels of elderly people and their association with sociodemographic characteristics

Resumo Objetivo Verificar a associação da fragilidade de idosos com as características sociodemográficas. Métodos Estudo transversal de base populacional, com 555 idosos adscritos as Estratégias Saúde da Família da área urbana de um município do noroeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul/ Brasil. Os dados foram coletados de abril a dezembro de 2015, por entrevista com caracterização sociodemográficas e avaliação da fragilidade conforme critérios de Fried: perda de peso não intencional no último ano, força de preensão; velocidade da marcha, nível de atividade física e fadiga autorreferida. Utilizou-se estatística descritiva e analítica. Resultados Evidenciou-se que nos idosos mais velhos e do sexo feminino a prevalência de fragilidade é maior. Observou-se associação entre estado civil e moradia quando analisado em relação ao sexo; também, quando observado os componentes da fragilidade a fadiga mostrou associação com o sexo. Na análise bivariada e multivariada, relacionando fragilidade com as variáveis sociodemográficas constata-se que a idade influencia na fragilização. Ainda, destaca-se que a prevalência de fragilidade na população do presente estudo está acima de trabalhos de referencia nacional. Conclusão Resultados apontam para questões relativas ao cuidado, apoio e suporte ao idoso por seus familiares, tão necessários com o avanço da velhice. Não obstante da importância de que isso seja incorporado na rotina das equipes de saúde para todos os idosos adstritos a área de cobertura de Estratégia de Saúde da Família com base em nossos resultados idosos mais velhos, do sexo feminino, e que residem sozinhos devem ser priorizados na atenção básica.

Resumen Objetivo Verificar la asociación de la fragilidad de ancianos con las características sociodemográficas. Métodos Estudio transversal de base poblacional, con 555 ancianos adscriptos a las Estrategias Salud de la Familia del área urbana de municipio del noreste de Rio Grande do Sul/Brasil. Datos recolectados de abril a diciembre de 2015 por entrevista con caracterización sociodemográfica y evaluación de fragilidad según criterios de Fried: pérdida de peso no intencional en el último año, fuerza de prensión; velocidad de marcha, nivel de actividad física y fatiga autorreferida. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva y analítica. Resultados Se evidenció que en ancianos mayores de sexo femenino, la prevalencia de fragilidad es mayor. Se observó asociación entre estado civil y residencia analizándoselos en relación al sexo. En el análisis bivariado y multivariado, relacionando fragilidad con las variables sociodemográficas, se constata que la edad influye en la fragilización. También se destaca que la prevalencia de fragilidad en la población del presente estudio es superior a la de trabajos de referencia nacional. Conclusión Los resultados indican cuestiones relativas al cuidado, apoyo y soporte al anciano de sus familias, tan necesarios en la vejez. Más allá de la importancia de que ello sea incorporado en la rutina de los equipos de salud para todos los ancianos adscritos al área de cobertura de la Estrategia Salud de la Familia, según nuestros resultados, los ancianos mayores, de sexo femenino y que residen solos, deben priorizarse en la atención básica.

Abstract Objective Verify the association between frailty in the elderly and sociodemographic characteristics. Methods Cross-sectional population-based study, involving 555 elderly assigned to the Family Health Strategies in the urban region of a city in the Northwest of Rio Grande do Sul/ Brazil. The data were collected between April and December 2015, using an interview with sociodemographic characteristics and assessment of frailty according to Fried's criteria: unintentional weight loss in the past year, grip strength; gait speed, level of physical activity and self-referred fatigue. Descriptive and analytic statistics were used. Results It was evidenced that, in the older and female elderly, the prevalence of frailty is higher. An association between marital status and housing was observed when analyzed in relation to sex; in addition, when the frailty components were observed, fatigue was associated with sex. In the bivariate and multivariate analysis, relating frailty with the sociodemographic variables, it was verified that age influences frailty. Also, the prevalence of frailty in the study population surpasses that in other Brazilian studies. Conclusion The results appoint aspects related to family care and support for the elderly, which are that necessary as old age advances. Despite the importance of incorporating this care and support into the health teams' routine for all elderly assigned to the coverage area of the Family Health Strategy, based on our results, elder and female elderly who live alone should receive priority in primary health care.