Hematúria macroscópica em equinos associada à infecção por Leptospira interrogans / Macroscopic haematuria in horses associated with Leptospira interrogans infection

Hematúria é uma grave manifestação clínica de doença do sistema urinário, ocorrendo sob as formas micro ou macroscópica. Neste artigo relatam-se dois casos de hematúria macroscópica associada à infecção por Leptospira interrogans sorogrupo Canicola. O exame clínico inicial revelou hematúria macroscópica, taquicardia, taquipneia, febre, elevação do tempo de perfusão capilar, hipomotilidade intestinal, além de icterícia da mucosa oral. Leucocitose, proteinúria, glicosúria, piúria e azotemia foram achados comuns aos dois casos. Teste de Soroaglutinação Microscópica foi realizado para titulação de anticorpos contra Leptospira interrogans. Tratamento incluiu medidas terapêuticas de suporte (fluidoterapia), controle da hematúria e antibioticoterapia. Sete dias após manifestação dos sinais clínicos iniciais, ambos animais receberam alta hospitalar após remissão dos sinais clínicos.

Haematuria is a serious clinical manifestation of urinary system disease, occurring in micro or macroscopic forms. In this article two cases of macroscopic haematuria associated with Leptospira interrogans serogroup Canicolainfection are related. The initial clinical examination revealed macroscopic haematuria, tachycardia, tachypnea, fever, increased capillary perfusion time, intestinal hypomotility, in addition to jaundice of the oral mucosa. Leukocytosis, proteinuria, glycosuria, pyuria and azotemia were common findings in both cases. Microscopic serum agglutination test was performed for titration of antibodies against Leptospira interrogans. Treatment included supportive therapeutic measures (fluid therapy), hematuria control and antibiotic therapy. Seven days after the manifestation of the initial clinical signs, both animals were discharged from the hospital without complications.

Desempenho de diferentes marcas de tiras reagentes relativo à densidade e à análise química da urina de cães e gatos / Performance of different brands of reagent strips for density and chemical analysis of dog and cat urine

Objetivou-se verificar a compatibilidade entre diferentes marcas de tiras reagentes para urinálise, tanto de uso veterinário, como de uso humano, e confrontar os parâmetros semiquantitativos desse instrumento com métodos quantitativos. Para isso, foram analisadas 77 amostras frescas de urina de cães e gatos e testados 04 modelos de tiras reagentes. Quanto à densidade urinária, houve correlação razoável entre os métodos quantitativo e semiquantitativo naquelas amostras com pH ácido, mas não naquelas com pH neutro ou alcalino. Quanto à concentração proteica, houve similaridade de 53,3% a 83,3% entre as marcas testadas e quando comparadas com a análise fotométrica houve uma correlação razoável (rs = 0,69752 a 0,75074). Em ponto de corte de 15mg/dL de proteína, a sensibilidade da tira reagente foi 82,5% e 100% para urina canina e felina, respectivamente. No tocante à hematúria, houve divergência razoável entre a sedimentoscopia e as diferentes marcas de tiras reativas. Quanto à piúria, há uma baixa sensibilidade das tiras em relação às amostras caninas com muitos resultados falso-negativos (33% a 75%), enquanto em amostras felinas a sensibilidade foi de 100%. Assim, independente da marca, as tiras reagentes devem servir apenas como teste rápido de triagem, sendo mais apropriado o uso de métodos quantitativos na avaliação clínica do paciente a partir da urinálise.

The aim was to verify the compatibility between different brands of urinary dipsticks, for both human and veterinary use, and to compare the semiquantitative parameters of this instrument with quantitative methods. For this, 77 fresh samples of urine from dogs and cats were analyzed e and 04 models of reagent strips were tested. Regarding urinary density, a reasonable correlation was observed between the quantitative and semiquantitative methods in those samples with acidic pH, which did not occur in those with neutral or alkaline pH. Regarding the protein concentration, there was similarity from 53.3% to 83.3% between the brands and in the comparative analysis between the control strip and the photometric analysis, there was a reasonable correlation (rs = 0.69752 to 0.75074). In cut-off point of 15mg/dL protein, the sensitivity of the reagent strip was 82.5% and 100% for canine and feline urine, respectively. Regarding hematuria, there was a reasonable divergence of results between sedimentation and tested dipsticks. As for pyuria, there is a low sensitivity of the strips in relation to canine samples with many false negative results (33% to 75%), while in feline samples the sensitivity was 100%. Thus, regardless of the brands, the reagent strips should serve only as a rapid screening test, while the use of quantitative methods in the clinical evaluation of the patient from urinalysis is more appropriate.

Morphometric and vascular analyses and MMP-2 expression in bladders of animals with bovine enzootic haematuria

Background: Bovine enzootic haematuria is a chronic, non-infectious disease caused by the ingestion of bracken Pteridiumaquilinum that contain ptaquiloside, substance responsible for the development of neoplasms in combination with bovinepapillomavirus infection. Studies examining metalloproteinases have shown that these enzymes may be useful as prognosticmarkers and many studies have correlated the intratumoural microvessel density and incidence of metastasis in a varietyof cancers, including bladder cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the urothelial morphology and vasculature and quantifythe expression of the enzyme metalloproteinase-2 in the bladder lesions of bovine with enzootic haematuria.Materials, Methods & Results: Forty bladders with macroscopic lesions were subjected to routine histological processing. The material was stained using the Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) and Weigerts resorcin-fuchsin staining methods. Themorphometric analysis included the measurement of the total thickness of the urothelium. Microscopically, the lesionswere differentiated as neoplastic or non-neoplastic, and the vascular changes were characterised as vascular proliferation,ectasia, dilation and thickening and the material stained using the Weigerts resorcin-fuchsin method was used to evaluatesclerosis and the vascular fibroelastosis. The metalloproteinase expression was evaluated using an anti-metalloproteinase-2antibody. The main non-neoplastic lesions found in the urothelium included clear cell metaplasia, dysplasia, hyperplasia,haemorrhage, cystitis cystica and Brunns nests and the neoplastic lesions were haemangioma, myxoma, transitional cellcarcinoma, adenocarcinoma, in situ carcinoma and haemangiosarcoma. The urothelium measurements revealed differencesbetween the epithelial thicknesses of bladders with and without neoplasms. The bladder vasculature evaluation revealed...(AU)

Morphometric and vascular analyses and MMP-2 expression in bladders of animals with bovine enzootic haematuria

Background: Bovine enzootic haematuria is a chronic, non-infectious disease caused by the ingestion of bracken Pteridiumaquilinum that contain ptaquiloside, substance responsible for the development of neoplasms in combination with bovinepapillomavirus infection. Studies examining metalloproteinases have shown that these enzymes may be useful as prognosticmarkers and many studies have correlated the intratumoural microvessel density and incidence of metastasis in a varietyof cancers, including bladder cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the urothelial morphology and vasculature and quantifythe expression of the enzyme metalloproteinase-2 in the bladder lesions of bovine with enzootic haematuria.Materials, Methods & Results: Forty bladders with macroscopic lesions were subjected to routine histological processing. The material was stained using the Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) and Weigert’s resorcin-fuchsin staining methods. Themorphometric analysis included the measurement of the total thickness of the urothelium. Microscopically, the lesionswere differentiated as neoplastic or non-neoplastic, and the vascular changes were characterised as vascular proliferation,ectasia, dilation and thickening and the material stained using the Weigert’s resorcin-fuchsin method was used to evaluatesclerosis and the vascular fibroelastosis. The metalloproteinase expression was evaluated using an anti-metalloproteinase-2antibody. The main non-neoplastic lesions found in the urothelium included clear cell metaplasia, dysplasia, hyperplasia,haemorrhage, cystitis cystica and Brunn’s nests and the neoplastic lesions were haemangioma, myxoma, transitional cellcarcinoma, adenocarcinoma, in situ carcinoma and haemangiosarcoma. The urothelium measurements revealed differencesbetween the epithelial thicknesses of bladders with and without neoplasms. The bladder vasculature evaluation revealed...

Carcinoma prostático felino / Feline prostatic carcinoma

Background: Prostatic cancer is a rare condition in cats but should be included as a differential diagnosis whenever middleaged cats present lower urinary tract signs, such as dysuria and hematuria. Abdominal ultrasound can indicate the disease,but fine-needle aspiration cytology and histopathology are necessary to establish the neoplastic origin and the therapeuticplan. Because of the limited data, no standard-of-care treatment or prognostic information exists in cats with prostate carcinoma. This report describes the clinical signs, diagnosis and surgical approach in a case of prostatic carcinoma in a cat.Case: A 6-year-old, intact male, domestic short-haired cat was presented with a 3-day history of dysuria, hematuria, inappetence, constipation, lethargy and prostration. On physical examination, the cat was in a very poor general conditionand abdominal palpation revealed firm mass located caudally to the urinary bladder. The urinary bladder presented highrepletion degree, while the large bowel was distended and presented soft faecal content. Blood count, serum biochemistryand urinalysis showed neutrophilic leukocytosis, hypoalbuminemia and high creatinine level, and severe hematuria, respectively. Abdominal ultrasound showed a mass located in the prostatic area with hypoechogenic and slightly heterogeneousparenchyma, measuring 3.3 x 3.0 cm. Echo-guided trans-abdominal fine-needle aspiration of the prostate was performed.Microscopically, the cells were round with basophilic cytoplasm, and had round to ovoid nuclei, dense chromatin andprominent nucleoli. Some cells were binucleated and mild anisocytosis and marked anisokaryosis were documented. Thesefindings were compatible with malignant prostatic neoplasia. After initial clinical stabilization, the patient underwent anexploratory laparotomy for tumor resection...(AU)

Unilateral idiopathic renal hematuria in a dog / Hematúria renal idiopática unilateral em um cão

Idiopathic renal hematuria is diagnosed in situations where the cause of hematuria is not clear, even after ruling out all possible differential diagnoses. A 14-year-old female Cocker Spaniel with continuous hematuria as the only clinical sign for two months. Concomitant changes were ruled out by blood tests, urinalysis, and abdominal ultrasonography. It was evidenced that hematuria originated from the left kidney through ureteral catheterization and the diagnosis of idiopathic renal hematuria was determined by excluding other possible causes of renal hematuria. Idiopathic renal hematuria is a rarely reported disease but has great importance as a differential diagnosis in cases where the main clinical sign is hematuria.

A hematúria renal idiopática é diagnosticada em situações onde a razão da hematúria não é esclarecida, descartando-se todos os possíveis diagnósticos diferenciais. Um cão, fêmea, Cocker Spaniel com 14 anos de idade manifestou hematúria contínua como único sinal clínico, por dois meses. Foram descartadas alterações concomitantes, por meio de exames de sangue, urinálise e ultrassonografia abdominal. A hematúria proveniente do rim esquerdo foi evidenciada através de cateterização ureteral e o diagnóstico de hematúria renal idiopática foi obtido por meio da exclusão de outras possíveis causas de hematúria renal. A hematúria renal idiopática é uma doença pouco relatada, no entanto apresenta grande importância como diagnóstico diferencial nos casos onde o principal sinal clínico é a hematúria.

Unilateral idiopathic renal hematuria in a dog / Hematúria renal idiopática unilateral em um cão

Idiopathic renal hematuria is diagnosed in situations where the cause of hematuria is not clear, even after ruling out all possible differential diagnoses. A 14-year-old female Cocker Spaniel with continuous hematuria as the only clinical sign for two months. Concomitant changes were ruled out by blood tests, urinalysis, and abdominal ultrasonography. It was evidenced that hematuria originated from the left kidney through ureteral catheterization and the diagnosis of idiopathic renal hematuria was determined by excluding other possible causes of renal hematuria. Idiopathic renal hematuria is a rarely reported disease but has great importance as a differential diagnosis in cases where the main clinical sign is hematuria.(AU)

A hematúria renal idiopática é diagnosticada em situações onde a razão da hematúria não é esclarecida, descartando-se todos os possíveis diagnósticos diferenciais. Um cão, fêmea, Cocker Spaniel com 14 anos de idade manifestou hematúria contínua como único sinal clínico, por dois meses. Foram descartadas alterações concomitantes, por meio de exames de sangue, urinálise e ultrassonografia abdominal. A hematúria proveniente do rim esquerdo foi evidenciada através de cateterização ureteral e o diagnóstico de hematúria renal idiopática foi obtido por meio da exclusão de outras possíveis causas de hematúria renal. A hematúria renal idiopática é uma doença pouco relatada, no entanto apresenta grande importância como diagnóstico diferencial nos casos onde o principal sinal clínico é a hematúria.(AU)

Carcinoma prostático felino / Feline prostatic carcinoma

Background: Prostatic cancer is a rare condition in cats but should be included as a differential diagnosis whenever middleaged cats present lower urinary tract signs, such as dysuria and hematuria. Abdominal ultrasound can indicate the disease,but fine-needle aspiration cytology and histopathology are necessary to establish the neoplastic origin and the therapeuticplan. Because of the limited data, no standard-of-care treatment or prognostic information exists in cats with prostate carcinoma. This report describes the clinical signs, diagnosis and surgical approach in a case of prostatic carcinoma in a cat.Case: A 6-year-old, intact male, domestic short-haired cat was presented with a 3-day history of dysuria, hematuria, inappetence, constipation, lethargy and prostration. On physical examination, the cat was in a very poor general conditionand abdominal palpation revealed firm mass located caudally to the urinary bladder. The urinary bladder presented highrepletion degree, while the large bowel was distended and presented soft faecal content. Blood count, serum biochemistryand urinalysis showed neutrophilic leukocytosis, hypoalbuminemia and high creatinine level, and severe hematuria, respectively. Abdominal ultrasound showed a mass located in the prostatic area with hypoechogenic and slightly heterogeneousparenchyma, measuring 3.3 x 3.0 cm. Echo-guided trans-abdominal fine-needle aspiration of the prostate was performed.Microscopically, the cells were round with basophilic cytoplasm, and had round to ovoid nuclei, dense chromatin andprominent nucleoli. Some cells were binucleated and mild anisocytosis and marked anisokaryosis were documented. Thesefindings were compatible with malignant prostatic neoplasia. After initial clinical stabilization, the patient underwent anexploratory laparotomy for tumor resection...

Bovine enzootic haematuria from consumption of Pteris deflexa and Pteris plumula in northwestern Argentina.

Bovine enzootic haematuria (BEH) is caused by prolonged ingestion of toxic principles of bracken fern, essentially by Pteridium spp. In northwestern Argentina, this disease has a great economic impact ant it is attributed a chronic consumption to Pteridium arachnoideum. This paper describes two endemic areas for enzootic hematuria due to the consumption of Pteris deflexa and Pteris plumula. Two areas where P. deflexa and P. plumula are endemic, but free of Pteridium species, were devised and seven farms were visited. The disease was confirmed based on the presence of clinically affected animals. In four necropsies bleeding neoplastic lesions were observed in the mucosa of the urinary bladder. At phytochemical analysis, both ptaquiloside and pterosin B were found in P. deflexa and P. plumula. Thus, the consumption of P. deflexa and P. plumula can also cause BEH.

Diagnosis of Dioctophyma renale using ultrasonography and microscopy: a case report / Diagnóstico de Dioctophyma renale utilizando a ultrassonografia emicroscopia em um cão em Belém do Pará, Brasil: relato de caso

Dioctophyma renale is classified as a cosmopolitan zoonotic helminth, belonging to Nematoda class and Dioctophymoidea superfamily. Dogs are considered definitive hosts, suffering with large kidney damage, and the disease diagnosis can be done through ultrasound, x-ray and light microscopy. The aim in this paper was to report the sonographic and microscopic aspects of a canine affected by Dioctophyma renale. Dark colored urine evolving to hematuria and abdominal pain was the main symptoms observed in the animal. Performing urinalysis it was verified D. renale eggs. Ultrasonography could observe total destruction of the right renal parenchyma, hyperechoic structures of cylindrical and rounded shape bounded by the renal capsule, suggesting the presence of the parasite, while the left kidney had normal size. The animal was submitted to nephrectomy, confirming the worm presence, measuring 31.8 cm long. It can be stated that ultrasound and light microscopy are highly effective to establish a definitive diagnosis of Dioctophyma renale.

O dioctophyma renale é classificado como um helminto zoonótico cosmopolita, pertencenteà classe de Nematoda e superfamília de Dioctophymoidea. Os cães são considerados hospedeirosdefinitivos, e sofrem grande dano renal. O diagnóstico pode ser feito através de ultrassom, raiosx e microscopia de luz. O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar os aspectos ultrassonográficose microscópicos de um canino afetado por Dioctophyma renale. A urina de cor escura comevolução para hematúria e dor abdominal foram os principais sintomas observados no animal.Foi realizada a urinálise, onde foi evidenciado os ovos de D. renale. Na ultrassonografia pôde-seobservar destruição total do parênquima renal direito, estruturas hiperecoicas de forma cilíndricae arredondada delimitadas pela cápsula renal, sugerindo a presença do parasita, enquanto o rimesquerdo estava com seu tamanho normal. O animal foi submetido à nefrectomia, confirmandoa presença do verme, medindo 31,8 cm de comprimento. Pode-se afirmar que o ultrassome a microscopia de luz são altamente eficazes para estabelecer um diagnóstico definitivo de Dioctophym arenale.

Diagnosis of Dioctophyma renale using ultrasonography and microscopy: a case report / Diagnóstico de Dioctophyma renale utilizando a ultrassonografia emicroscopia em um cão em Belém do Pará, Brasil: relato de caso

Dioctophyma renale is classified as a cosmopolitan zoonotic helminth, belonging to Nematoda class and Dioctophymoidea superfamily. Dogs are considered definitive hosts, suffering with large kidney damage, and the disease diagnosis can be done through ultrasound, x-ray and light microscopy. The aim in this paper was to report the sonographic and microscopic aspects of a canine affected by Dioctophyma renale. Dark colored urine evolving to hematuria and abdominal pain was the main symptoms observed in the animal. Performing urinalysis it was verified D. renale eggs. Ultrasonography could observe total destruction of the right renal parenchyma, hyperechoic structures of cylindrical and rounded shape bounded by the renal capsule, suggesting the presence of the parasite, while the left kidney had normal size. The animal was submitted to nephrectomy, confirming the worm presence, measuring 31.8 cm long. It can be stated that ultrasound and light microscopy are highly effective to establish a definitive diagnosis of Dioctophyma renale.(AU)

O dioctophyma renale é classificado como um helminto zoonótico cosmopolita, pertencenteà classe de Nematoda e superfamília de Dioctophymoidea. Os cães são considerados hospedeirosdefinitivos, e sofrem grande dano renal. O diagnóstico pode ser feito através de ultrassom, raiosx e microscopia de luz. O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar os aspectos ultrassonográficose microscópicos de um canino afetado por Dioctophyma renale. A urina de cor escura comevolução para hematúria e dor abdominal foram os principais sintomas observados no animal.Foi realizada a urinálise, onde foi evidenciado os ovos de D. renale. Na ultrassonografia pôde-seobservar destruição total do parênquima renal direito, estruturas hiperecoicas de forma cilíndricae arredondada delimitadas pela cápsula renal, sugerindo a presença do parasita, enquanto o rimesquerdo estava com seu tamanho normal. O animal foi submetido à nefrectomia, confirmandoa presença do verme, medindo 31,8 cm de comprimento. Pode-se afirmar que o ultrassome a microscopia de luz são altamente eficazes para estabelecer um diagnóstico definitivo de Dioctophym arenale.(AU)

Cão jovem com fibrossarcoma em bexiga urinária: relato de caso / Young dog with fibrosarcoma in bladder: case report / Perro joven con fibrosarcoma en vejiga: reporte de caso

Un perro macho, 3 anos de edad, la raza Lhasa Apso, contó con la presencia de quejarse de disuria y hematuria. En el examen físico, el animal mostró sensibilidad en la región hipogástrica y la ecografía abdominal, se evidenció un irregular, estructura ecogénica heterogénea, pared y luz de la vejiga, lo que podría indicar una neoformación. La escisión quirúrgica de la formación se llevó a cabo y la estructura que se refiere retira para el examen histopatológico, que detecta la presencia de fibrosarcoma. La quimioterapia se indicó como opción de tratamiento adyuvante no en posesión del propietario. El animal se evaluó después de tres meses de la cirugía, que no presentan quejas relacionadas con el sistema urinario y sin divulgación de nódulos metastásicos en la radiografía de tórax y una ecografía del abdomen.

A male dog, 3 years old, breed Lhasa Apso, was attended complaining of dysuria and hematuria. During physical examination, the animal showed sensitivity in hypogastric region and during the abdominal ultrasonography, it was evidenced an irregular, heterogeneous, echogenic as the wall bladder structure in wall and bladder lumen, which indicate a neoformation. Surgical excision of the neoformation was carried out and the removed structure was forwarded to histopathological exams, where the presence of fibrosarcoma was detected. Chemotherapy was indicated as adjunctive treatment, and it wasn't carried out by the owner. The animal was valued after three months of surgery, which didn't show complains related to urinary system and without evidence of metastatic nodule on chest radiography and on ultrasound of the abdomen.

Um cão macho, de 3 anos de idade, da raça Lhasa Apso, foi atendido com queixa de hematúria e disúria. No exame físico, o animal apresentou sensibilidade em região hipogástrica e ao exame ultrassonográfico abdominal, foi evidenciada uma estrutura irregular, heterogênea, ecogênica em relação à parede vesical, em parede e lúmen vesical, podendo indicar a presença de neoformação. A excisão cirúrgica da neoformação foi realizada e a estrutura retirada encaminhada para exame histopatológico, onde se detectou a presença de fibrossarcoma. Foi indicado quimioterapia como tratamento coadjuvante, não realizada por opção do proprietário. O animal foi avaliado após três meses do procedimento cirúrgico, onde não apresentou queixas referentes ao sistema urinário e sem evidenciação de nódulos metastáticos nos exames de radiografia torácica e ultrassonografia do abdômen.

Cão jovem com fibrossarcoma em bexiga urinária: relato de caso / Young dog with fibrosarcoma in bladder: case report / Perro joven con fibrosarcoma en vejiga: reporte de caso

Un perro macho, 3 anos de edad, la raza Lhasa Apso, contó con la presencia de quejarse de disuria y hematuria. En el examen físico, el animal mostró sensibilidad en la región hipogástrica y la ecografía abdominal, se evidenció un irregular, estructura ecogénica heterogénea, pared y luz de la vejiga, lo que podría indicar una neoformación. La escisión quirúrgica de la formación se llevó a cabo y la estructura que se refiere retira para el examen histopatológico, que detecta la presencia de fibrosarcoma. La quimioterapia se indicó como opción de tratamiento adyuvante no en posesión del propietario. El animal se evaluó después de tres meses de la cirugía, que no presentan quejas relacionadas con el sistema urinario y sin divulgación de nódulos metastásicos en la radiografía de tórax y una ecografía del abdomen.(AU)

A male dog, 3 years old, breed Lhasa Apso, was attended complaining of dysuria and hematuria. During physical examination, the animal showed sensitivity in hypogastric region and during the abdominal ultrasonography, it was evidenced an irregular, heterogeneous, echogenic as the wall bladder structure in wall and bladder lumen, which indicate a neoformation. Surgical excision of the neoformation was carried out and the removed structure was forwarded to histopathological exams, where the presence of fibrosarcoma was detected. Chemotherapy was indicated as adjunctive treatment, and it wasn't carried out by the owner. The animal was valued after three months of surgery, which didn't show complains related to urinary system and without evidence of metastatic nodule on chest radiography and on ultrasound of the abdomen.(AU)

Um cão macho, de 3 anos de idade, da raça Lhasa Apso, foi atendido com queixa de hematúria e disúria. No exame físico, o animal apresentou sensibilidade em região hipogástrica e ao exame ultrassonográfico abdominal, foi evidenciada uma estrutura irregular, heterogênea, ecogênica em relação à parede vesical, em parede e lúmen vesical, podendo indicar a presença de neoformação. A excisão cirúrgica da neoformação foi realizada e a estrutura retirada encaminhada para exame histopatológico, onde se detectou a presença de fibrossarcoma. Foi indicado quimioterapia como tratamento coadjuvante, não realizada por opção do proprietário. O animal foi avaliado após três meses do procedimento cirúrgico, onde não apresentou queixas referentes ao sistema urinário e sem evidenciação de nódulos metastáticos nos exames de radiografia torácica e ultrassonografia do abdômen.(AU)

Leiomiosarcoma de vejiga en perra - reporte de un caso / Bladder leiomyosarcoma in dog - case report / Leiomiossarcoma vesical em cadela - relato de caso

Neoplasias de la vejiga urinaria son poco comunes en los perros, pero son las más frecuentes en el tracto urinario. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir una neoplasia mesenquimal maligna en la vejiga urinaria de un perro, hembra, 2 años y 7 meses de edad, que presentaba hematuria y disuria. El paciente fue tratado por cirugía mediante exéresis de la masa neoplásica y presentó una remisión completa de los síntomas clínicos.

Bladder tumors is uncommon in dogs, however, it is the most diagnosed in the urinary tract. A 31-month-old female mongrel dog was presented with signs of hematuria and dysuria. A bladder neoplasm malignant mesenquimal tumor was diagnosed. The dog was undergone to surgical excision and showed complete remission of signals.

As neoplasias de vesícula urinária são incomuns nos cães, no entanto, representam as de maior ocorrência no trato urinário. O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever uma neoplasia mesenquimal maligna na bexiga de um cão fêmea, de 2 anos e 7 meses de idade, que apresentava hematúria e disúria. O paciente foi submetido a exérese da massa neoplásica e, apresentou remissão completa dos sinais clínicos apresentados.

Leiomiosarcoma de vejiga en perra - reporte de un caso / Bladder leiomyosarcoma in dog - case report / Leiomiossarcoma vesical em cadela - relato de caso

Neoplasias de la vejiga urinaria son poco comunes en los perros, pero son las más frecuentes en el tracto urinario. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir una neoplasia mesenquimal maligna en la vejiga urinaria de un perro, hembra, 2 años y 7 meses de edad, que presentaba hematuria y disuria. El paciente fue tratado por cirugía mediante exéresis de la masa neoplásica y presentó una remisión completa de los síntomas clínicos.(AU)

Bladder tumors is uncommon in dogs, however, it is the most diagnosed in the urinary tract. A 31-month-old female mongrel dog was presented with signs of hematuria and dysuria. A bladder neoplasm malignant mesenquimal tumor was diagnosed. The dog was undergone to surgical excision and showed complete remission of signals.(AU)

As neoplasias de vesícula urinária são incomuns nos cães, no entanto, representam as de maior ocorrência no trato urinário. O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever uma neoplasia mesenquimal maligna na bexiga de um cão fêmea, de 2 anos e 7 meses de idade, que apresentava hematúria e disúria. O paciente foi submetido a exérese da massa neoplásica e, apresentou remissão completa dos sinais clínicos apresentados.(AU)

Enzootic hematuria in cattle from Northeastern Brazil

Two outbreaks (A and B) of bovine enzootic hematuria in Bahia in the period 2012-2013 were described. In the outbreak A, a cow was necropsied and 27 cattle were slaughtered in a slaughterhouse, and the second outbreak two cattle were necropsied. In the outbreak A of a cattle herd 28 mixed breed, approximately two-years-old, three had hematuria for about three months and progressive weight loss. Grossly, the main findings in the bladder were petechiae, papillomatous formations, thickening areas of mucosa white and red nodules. In 2/28 cattle there were no microscopic changes in the urinary bladder, whereas 26/28 cattle had some kind of change. In four of these cattle neoplastic changes (2 cases with hemangioma, 1 with cavernous hemangioma and hemangiosarcoma, and 1 with transitional cell carcinoma) were observed. In the outbreak B, 42 cattle from a herd consisting of 278 Nelore cattle, with approximately four-years-old, presented clinical signs characterized by weakness, anemia, weight loss and intermittent hematuria. Of the 42 affected cattle, 23 died and two were necropsied. At necropsy, the main changes were anemia and marked wrinkling and diffuse thickening of the bladder mucosa, associated with multiple focal hemorrhages. Microscopically lesions consisted of benign angioblastic proliferation, urothelial carcinomas, hemangiomas and hemangiosarcoma. The diagnosis of bovine enzootic hematuria wasbased on clinical, pathological and epidemiological findings. The study showed that bovine enzootic hematuria caused by Pteridium arachnoideum is a diagnosis to be considered in cattle in Southwestern region of the State of Bahia, Brazil.(AU)

Enzootic hematuria in cattle from Northeastern Brazil

Two outbreaks (A and B) of bovine enzootic hematuria in Bahia in the period 2012-2013 were described. In the outbreak A, a cow was necropsied and 27 cattle were slaughtered in a slaughterhouse, and the second outbreak two cattle were necropsied. In the outbreak A of a cattle herd 28 mixed breed, approximately two-years-old, three had hematuria for about three months and progressive weight loss. Grossly, the main findings in the bladder were petechiae, papillomatous formations, thickening areas of mucosa white and red nodules. In 2/28 cattle there were no microscopic changes in the urinary bladder, whereas 26/28 cattle had some kind of change. In four of these cattle neoplastic changes (2 cases with hemangioma, 1 with cavernous hemangioma and hemangiosarcoma, and 1 with transitional cell carcinoma) were observed. In the outbreak B, 42 cattle from a herd consisting of 278 Nelore cattle, with approximately four-years-old, presented clinical signs characterized by weakness, anemia, weight loss and intermittent hematuria. Of the 42 affected cattle, 23 died and two were necropsied. At necropsy, the main changes were anemia and marked wrinkling and diffuse thickening of the bladder mucosa, associated with multiple focal hemorrhages. Microscopically lesions consisted of benign angioblastic proliferation, urothelial carcinomas, hemangiomas and hemangiosarcoma. The diagnosis of bovine enzootic hematuria wasbased on clinical, pathological and epidemiological findings. The study showed that bovine enzootic hematuria caused by Pteridium arachnoideum is a diagnosis to be considered in cattle in Southwestern region of the State of Bahia, Brazil.

Nefrolitíase associado à hidronefrose tratado cirurgicamente. relato de caso / Hephrolithiasis associated hydronephrosis surgically treated - case report

The presence nephroliths in dogs is a finding of only 5% of the reported uroliths in this species. This report describes a dog, the Miniature Schnauzer breed, seven-years-old, weighing 9.0 kg, with a history of hematuria and pollakiuria now for six days and spewing white stones and sharp in the urine. After imaging, was diagnosed bladder urolithiasis and nephrolithiasis, hydronephrosis early. The animal underwent cystotomy and nefrotomia and which were effective for the resolution of the case. The Use of cyanoacrylate showed efficacy how alternative synthesis of the kidney with hydronephrosis.

A presença de urólitos encontrados nos rins de cães representa um achado de apenas 5% dos cálculos encontrados nesta espécie. O presente relato descreve uma cadela, da raça Schnauzer miniatura, com sete anos de idade, pesando 9,0 kg, com histórico de hematúria e polaciúria  há seis dias e expelindo cálculos brancos e pontiagudos na urina. Após exames de imagem, foi diagnosticada a presença de Urolitíase vesical , nefrolitíase, e início de hidronefrose. O animal foi submetido à Nefrotomia com síntese utilizando cianocrilato e Cistotomia, os quais se mostraram efetivos para a resolução do caso. O uso do cianocrilato mostrou eficácia na síntese cirúrgica do Rim com início de hidronefrose.

Nefrolitíase associado à hidronefrose tratado cirurgicamente. relato de caso. / Hephrolithiasis associated hydronephrosis surgically treated - case report

The presence nephroliths in dogs is a finding of only 5% of the reported uroliths in this species. This report describes a dog, the Miniature Schnauzer breed, seven-years-old, weighing 9.0 kg, with a history of hematuria and pollakiuria now for six days and spewing white stones and sharp in the urine. After imaging, was diagnosed bladder urolithiasis and nephrolithiasis, hydronephrosis early. The animal underwent cystotomy and nefrotomia and which were effective for the resolution of the case. The Use of cyanoacrylate showed efficacy how alternative synthesis of the kidney with hydronephrosis.(AU)

A presença de urólitos encontrados nos rins de cães representa um achado de apenas 5% dos cálculos encontrados nesta espécie. O presente relato descreve uma cadela, da raça Schnauzer miniatura, com sete anos de idade, pesando 9,0 kg, com histórico de hematúria e polaciúria  há seis dias e expelindo cálculos brancos e pontiagudos na urina. Após exames de imagem, foi diagnosticada a presença de Urolitíase vesical , nefrolitíase, e início de hidronefrose. O animal foi submetido à Nefrotomia com síntese utilizando cianocrilato e Cistotomia, os quais se mostraram efetivos para a resolução do caso. O uso do cianocrilato mostrou eficácia na síntese cirúrgica do Rim com início de hidronefrose.(AU)

Prolapso retal associado a divertículo vésico-uracal em gato / Rectal prolapse secondary to vesicourachal diverticula in a cat

A etiologia do prolapso retal está comumente relacionada às causas digestivas, sendo observado comumente em animais com diarréia e tenesmo graves. Diante da escassa literatura relatando causas não digestivas dessa patologia, o objetivo do presente trabalho é relatar um caso de prolapso retal recidivante em um felino apresentando divertículo vésico-uracal. Um gato, macho, 3 anos de idade veio para atendimento apresentando prolapso de reto recorrente, além de disúria e hematúria. No momento da colopexia, observou-se a presença de divertículo vesíco-uracal, que foi corrigido. Após o tratamento o felino voltou a urinar normalmente e não houve recidiva do prolapso retal. Os veterinários devem considerar as uropatias como possível causa de prolapso retal, principalmente em casos recorrentes ou que não haja história de diarréia ou outras causas de tenesmo.(AU)

The etiology of rectal prolapse is commonly associated to digestive causes, since it is usually observed in animals with severe diarrhea and tenesmus. There is limited literature reporting nondigestive causes of rectal prolapse, moreover the purpose of this case report is to describe a rectal prolapse in a cat, secondary to vesicourachal diverticula. A cat, male, 3 years old came to be attended at the veterinary hospital presenting recurrent rectal prolapse, dysuria and hematuria. During colopexy it was observed the presence of vesicourachal diverticulum which was immediately corrected. After treatment the cat returned to urinate normally and there was no recurrence of rectal prolapse. Clinicians should consider the possibility of uropathy as an underlying cause when presented with an cat with rectal prolapse, especially in cases of recurrence or when no history of diarrhea or other causes of faecal tenesmus is observed.(AU)