Qualidade de vida em pacientes com doença arterial periférica / Quality of life in patients with peripheral artery disease

As doenças vasculares influenciam a qualidade de vida (QV) e afetam de forma direta o aspecto biopsicossocial dos indivíduos. Sendo assim, a QV é uma importante forma de avaliação das intervenções vasculares. Objetivo: Avaliar a QV em pacientes com doença arterial periférica internados no serviço de cirurgia vascular em um hospital terciário beneficente. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, com desenho transversal, em um serviço de cirurgia vascular em um hospital terciário beneficente, no qual pacientes com doença arterial periférica foram avaliados através de dois questionários, sendo um a respeito de qualidade de vida (versão abreviada WHOQOL-Bref) e outro sobre as condições sociodemográficas. Resultados: Foi observado que os domínios físico, meio ambiente e QV total obtiveram os menores escores entre os 127 entrevistados. Além disso, uma análise intragrupo demonstrou que os homens obtiveram pontuação maior em todos os domínios quando comparados às mulheres, com exceção do domínio de relações sociais. Conclusão: As mulheres com doença arterial periférica apresentaram uma menor pontuação em todos os domínios do questionário de QV, exceto no de relações sociais, quando comparadas aos homens.

Vascular diseases have a direct influence on quality of life (QoL) and directly affect patients' biopsychosocial aspects. Quality of life is therefore an important element for evaluation of vascular interventions. Objective: To assess QoL in inpatients with peripheral arterial disease at a vascular surgery service in a charitable tertiary hospital. Methods: This is an exploratory study, with a cross-sectional design, conducted at a vascular surgery service in a charitable tertiary hospital, assessing patients with peripheral arterial disease using two questionnaires, one on quality of life (the WHOQOL-Bref short form) and the other on sociodemographic conditions. Results: It was observed that the physical domain, environment domain and total QoL scores were the lowest for the whole sample of 127 interviewees. Additionally, an intragroup analysis showed that men scored higher in all domains when compared with women, with the exception of the social relationships domain. Conclusions: Women with peripheral arterial disease exhibited lower scores than men in all domains of the QoL questionnaire, except for social relationships.

[Cystic degeneration of the popliteal artery: Report of one case]. / Degeneración quística de la arteria poplítea: Presentación de caso clínico.

Cystic degeneration of the popliteal artery is an uncommon cause of intermittent claudication. We report a 52 years old male consulting for intermittent claudication referred to the calf. The angiography showed a 93% stenosis in segment of 45 mm length of the left popliteal artery with a smooth surface, suggesting an extrinsic compression. A CT angiography of the lower limb suggested the presence of a cystic degeneration. The patient was operated and the middle third of the popliteal artery was excised. The pathological study of the surgical piece was informed as artery media cystic degeneration.

Hemostatic cardiovascular risk factors, common carotid-intima medial thickness and peripheral arterial disease in South Asians and African Caribbeans: a substudy to the Ethnic-Echocardiographic Heart of England Screening (E-ECHOES) study.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether ethnic differences exist in inflammatory (interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein) and hemostatic biomarkers (soluble P-selectin [sP-sel], von Willebrand factor [VWF], and fibrin D-dimer) between South Asian (people originating from India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh) and African Caribbean (Black Caribbean and Black African) groups, the two largest minority ethnic groups in the UK; and to determine associations between these biomarkers and common carotid intima-media thickness and peripheral artery disease (PAD). PATIENTS AND METHODS: We recruited 572 subjects (356 South Asian and 216 Black) aged ≥ 45 years as a substudy to a community screening project, the Ethnic-Echocardiographic Heart of England Screening (E-ECHOES) study. All subjects completed an interviewer-led questionnaire, anthropometric measurements were taken, and blood sampling was performed if consent was granted. Ankle brachial pressure index (ABPI) was calculated, and the common carotid intima-media thickness (CCIMT) was measured. PAD was defined as ABPI < 0.9. ELISA was used to quantify inflammatory and hemostatic biomarkers. RESULTS: The incidence of hypertension (> 70%) and diabetes (> 27%) was high, but non-significantly different between the two ethnic groups. South Asians had higher platelet count and sP-sel levels than African Caribbeans (P < 0.0001 for both), despite there being no significant difference in antiplatelet medication. African Caribbeans had higher D-dimer levels (P = 0.0052). Among South Asians, VWF correlated with ABPI (P = 0.047) and mean (P = 0.002) and maximum CCIMT (P = 0.011) on univariate analysis, and remained an independent predictor of mean and maximum CCIMT on multivariate analysis with traditional cardiovascular risk factors (P = 0.034 and P = 0.046, respectively). In African Caribbeans, D-dimer levels were was higher in PAD than in normal ABPI participants (P = 0.04), and was associated with ABPI in both univariate analysis (P = 0.014) and multivariate analysis (P < 0.0001) with traditional cardiovascular risk factors. CONCLUSION: Ethnic differences are evident in inflammatory and hemostatic factors, as well as in their associations with CCIMT and PAD. These may reflect differences in cardiovascular risk factors or pathophysiologic processes that characterize each ethnic group.

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients with intermittent claudication and its correlation with the segment of arterial obstruction.

The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Intermittent claudication reflects the presence of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of the MetS in claudicants and its correlation with age, gender, localization of arterial obstruction, and symptomatic coronary disease. Patients (n = 170) with intermittent claudication were studied. The mean age was 65 years (33-89). Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed in 98 patients (57.6%). The mean age of patients with MetS was 63.5 years compared with 67.0 years for patients without MetS (P = .027). Considering patients aged ≥65 years, MetS was present in 46 (48.9%) individuals and in 52 (68.4%) patients younger than 65 years (P = .011). Metabolic syndrome must be actively searched for in claudicant patients.

ApoB/ApoA-I ratio in young patients with ischemic cerebral stroke or peripheral arterial disease.

Although smoking and hypertension are classic risk factors for atherothrombotic diseases, the relationship of dyslipidemia and vascular diseases, other than myocardial infarction, is less clearly established, especially in young subjects. In the current study, a detailed analysis of the lipid and apolipoprotein profiles was conducted in young patients of ischemic cerebral stroke (IS) and peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Plasma levels of C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc), triglycerides (TG), and apolipoproteins A-I (ApoA-I) and apolipoproteins B (ApoB), which include the ApoB/ApoA-I ratio, were analyzed in a group of 81 patients who presented with IS (n = 46) or PAD (n = 35) as well as in 167 control subjects. Significant differences were observed for hs-CRP, TC, HDLc, LDLc, TG, ApoA-I, and ApoB levels, as well as for the ApoB/ApoA-I ratio, between the control and the IS or PAD groups. However, after adjustment for sex, age, smoking, hypertension, hs-CRP, and dyslipidemia (LDLc, TC, HDLc, TG, ApoA, ApoB, and ApoB/ApoA-I ratio), hs-CRP, ApoB, and the ApoB/ApoA-I ratio were independently associated with increased risks of IS or PAD. Increased ApoB/ApoA-I ratio and hs-CRP levels are independently associated with occurrence of IS and PAD in young patients and are significant markers of alterations on lipid and apolipoproteic profiles and inflammatory responses, respectively, in these patients.

Fisiopatología y clínica del pie diabético / Pathophysiology and clinical features that involve the foot in diabetic patients

Emergencies that involve the foot in diabetic patients are a very common cause of morbidity. Ischemia is of prime importance but, in addition, neuropathy (with hypoesthesia) and sepsis are factors. Infections may follow minor trauma, or may be secondary, either to a long-standing ulcer or to an area of gangrene. The major importance of chronic ulcers of the feet, is that they are a portal of entry for infection. All these considerations are described in the article, with special considerations to the shoes employed and the stay.

Lesiones vasculares: aspectos epidemiológicos y tratamiento Hospital "Luis Razetti" Barinas estado Barinas / Vascular injuries: epidemiological aspects and treatment Hospital Dr. Luis Razetti, Barinas-estado Barinas

Evaluar los aspectos epidemiológicos y el manejo de las lesiones vasculares periféricas, abdominales y cervicales. Estudio retrospectivo, de corte transversal, descriptivo y analítico, de los pacientes con diagnóstico de lesiones vasculares intervenidos quirúrgicamente entre enero del 2001 a diciembre del 2005, en el Servicio de Cirugía del Hospital General Dr. "luis Razetti", Barinas, Estado Barinas. Un total de 71 pacientes fueron intervenidos de emergencia con diagnóstico de lesión vascular, siendo las más frecuentes las periféricas 57,74 por ciento (41 casos). La edad promedio fue 27,7 años predominio del sexo masculino. El mecanismo de lesión más frecuente fue por arma de fuego (43 casos). La presentación clínica usual fue hemorragia en el 40,8 por ciento de los casos y la complicación más frecuente fue edema con 23,94 por ciento, el porcentaje de amputación fue del 3,12 por ciento. El tratamiento quirúrgico más efectuado fue la reparación (injerto safeno o anastomosis primaria) en 23,94 por ciento y 16,9 por ciento, respectivamente. La mortalidad global fue del 25,5 por ciento; 83,3 por ciento de esta fue por causa de shock hipovolémico. Los traumatismos vasculares constituyen una emergencia quirúrgica, causa frecuente de mortalidad, que afecta predominantemente a pacientes en edad productiva. Es un problema complejo y desafiante que es atendido la mayoría de las veces por el cirujano general. Los centros hospitalarios deben contar con la infraestructura mínima para resolver estas lesiones, y de esta manera disminuir la morbi-mortalidad.

Doença vascuilar periférica / Peripheral vascular disease

A prevalência de diabete melito no Brasil é de 7,6 porcento e aumenta com a idade, atingindo 17,45 porcento da populaçäo da faixa etária de 60 a 69 anos. A doença arterial periférica atinge os pacientes nessa faixa etária e ocorre naqueles com maior duraçäo do diabete e que näo se controlam adequadamente. A doença oclusiva arterial é mais difusa nos diabéticos e atingepreferencialmente as artérias do segmento fêmoro-poplíteo-tibial, levando freqüentemente a amputaçäo. As manifestações clínicas säo a claudicaçäo intermitente e a isquemia crítica. As gangrenas isquêmicas quanto mais extensas e quanto mais proximais aumentam o risco de amputaçäo maior (transtibial ou transfemoral). Os métodos diagnósticos mais usados säo o Doppler-ultra-som, o eco-Doppler e a arteriografia. A arteriografia só é empregada para planejamento de restauraçäo arterial. O tratamento clínica consiste no controle dos fatores de risco de doença arterial obstrutiva, principalmente o controle da glicemia e o condicionamento físico nos diabéticos cuja queixa seja a claudicaçäo intemitente. A analgesia e a antibioticoterapia de amplo espectro säo indicados quando o paciente apresenta gangrenas. O tratamento cirúrgico compreende as restaurações arteriais, principalmente as pontes de safena (as angioplastias têm indicaçäo restritas), as simpatectomias, os debridamentos e as amputações. Toda ênfase da sobrevida limitada desses paciente, as restaurações arteriais, pois, apesar da sobrevida limitada desses pacientes, as restaurações arteriais permanecem pérvias por longo tempo em dois terços dos casos, é possível conservar 70 porcento dos membros comprometidos por um período de cinco anos, e doentes revascularizados apresentam melhor qualidade de vida e maior capacidade de deambulaçäo.

Exposiçäo ocupacional à vibraçäo transmitida através das mäos:uma revisäo sobre o distúrbio vascular periférico / Hand-transmitted vibration exposure:a review about the peripheric vascular disease

Trata das consequências da exposiçäo ocupacional à vibraçäo transmitida pelas mäos sobre a saúde do trabalhador